pericole chimice din produsele de origine animala si nonanimala : pesticide, organoclorurate - ddt...

8/16/2019 Pericole Chimice Din Produsele de origine animala si nonanimala : Pesticide, organoclorurate - DDT si HCH

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UNIVERSITATEA DE ŞTIINŢE AGRICOLE ŞI MEDICINĂVETERINARĂ“ION IONESCU DE LA BRAD” DIN IAŞI

FACULTATEA DE MEDICINĂ VETERINARĂDISCIPLINA: SIGURANŢĂ ALIMENTARĂ

Pericole chimice din produsele de origineanimală i nonanimală: pesticideleșorganoclorurate -

DDT şi HCH

1


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CUPRINS

Introdu!r!.....................................................................................................................3

C"#$ %$Po&u"n ' or("n' #!r)')t!n 'ț ț ........................................................................................4

1.2 Pesticidele......................................................................................................... 6

%$*$% C&")'+'"r!" #!)t''d!&or .......................................................................................7

%$*$* DDT............................................................................................................... 8

%$*$, -C-............................................................................................................... 9

%$*$. Cont"/'n"r!" #rodu)!&or "&'/!nt"r! u #!)t''d!......................................................10

%$*$0 Pr!1!n2" #!)t''d!&or 3n #rodu)!&! "&'/!nt"r! d! or'('n! "n'/"&4...................................11

%$*$5 In+&u!n2" #ro!)u&u' d! #r!&ur"r! ")u#r" r!1'duur'&or d! #!)t''d!.................................12

%$*$6 In+&u!n2" #!)t''d!&or ")u#r" or("n')/u&u' u/"n.......................................................13

C"#$* CADRUL LEGISLATIV CARE STABILEŞTE LIMITELE MA7IME DE RE8IDUURI DEPESTICIDE DIN CONŢINUTUL SAU DE PE SUPRAFAŢA PRODUSELOR DE ORIGINE ANIMALĂ

I NONANIMALĂȘ ........................................................................................................15

2.1. DIRECTIVA 2005/70/CE A COMIIEI di! 20 "ct"#$%ie 2005 de #"di&c'%e 'Di%ecti(el"% 76/895/CEE) 86/362/CEE) 86/363/CEE *i 90/642/CEE.........................15

2.2. ORDI+ +%. 23 di! 1 ,e$%-'%ie 2007 %i(i!d '%"$'%e' +"%#ei s'!it'%e(ete%i!'%e i e!t%- si-%'!' 'li#e!tel"% %i(i!d st'$ili%e' li#itel"% #'i#e de%eid--%i de esticide di! c"!i!-t-l s'- de e s-%','' %"d-sel"% 'li#e!t'%e de

"%ii!e '!i#'l.....................................................................................................16

2.3 REAME+T DE P+ERE + APICARE E: +R. 1274/2011 A COMIIEI di!7 dece#$%ie 2011 %i(i!d -! %"%'# de c"!t%"l #-lti'!-'l *i c""%d"!'t 'l!i-!ii...................................................................................................................21

CONCLU8II................................................................................................................24

BIBLIOGRAFIE...........................................................................................................26

2


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Introducere

A&'/!nt!&! #ot +' on)'d!r"t! +"tor' "' /!d'u&u' "/9'"nt u "r! o/u& ontr"t!"14 r!&"2''

)trn)! 3n tot ur)u& !;')t!n2!' )"&!$ C!" /"' '/#ort"nt4 ! r!&"2'! !)t! d!t!r/'n"t4

d! +"#tu& 4 "&'/!nt!&! +urn'1!"14 or("n')/u&u' )u9)t"n2!&! nutr't'=! d! "r! "!)t" "r! n!=o'!

#!ntru ")'(ur"r!" !n!r('!' n!!)"r! #ro!)!&or ='t"&!? #!ntru )'nt!1" )u9)t"n2!&or #ro#r'' '/'4


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Cap !Poluan i organic persisten iț ț

L" Con+!r'n2" N"2'un'&or Un't! #!ntru M!d'u'/'! u #!r'o& )#or't$ D'r!2''&!

d! 9"14d! o&"9or"r! 'nt!rn"2'on"&4

• "u "r"t!r')t'' to;'!J• )unt #!r)')t!nt!J• "u "#"'t"t!" d! 9'o"u/u&"r!J• #ot +' u!;"&oro9!n1!nu&? /'r!;u&? to;"+!nu&? 9'+!n'&'' #o&'&orur"2'

@PCB? d'o;'n!&!!;"nu&? >!;"9ro/o9'+!n'&u&? >'dro"r9ur'&! "ro/"t'! #o&''&'! @PA- '/'' #!r'u&o


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r!)tr'2'on"r! " )u9)t"n2!&or >'/'!3n do/!n'u& o/!r2u&u' 'nt!rn"2'on"&? #r'ntr! "r! )unt

'n&u!#t"&or? to;"+!n? DDT? /'r!;?

>!;"&oro9!n1!n$

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#o&'&orod'9!n1o+ur"n'$

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#r'/!&! dou4 &")!$

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!&!trot!>n'4 '"r d'+!n'&!t!r'' #o&'&orur"2' "u +o)t #r'ntr! #r'/'' "(!n2' d! 3nt3r1'!r! " +&44r'' u

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o/9u)t'9'&'&or 3n )#!'"& " !&or ut'&'1"2' 3n /oto"r!&! u "rd!r! 'nt!rn4$

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E+!t!&! ")u#r" )4n4t42'' o"/!n'&or '/9 !+!t!&! d!

t'# ron' )unt /u&t /"' &"r! d'n "u1" #!r)')t!n2!' 3nd!&un("t!$ E+!t!&! #! t!r/!n &un( 3n4

)unt n!&"r!$

1.2 Pesticidele

A!)t t!r/!n " +o)t "do#t"t d! OMS? 'n&u1nd o )!r'! d! )u9)t"n2! to;'!3ntr!9u'n2"t! 3n

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• doza zilnic4acceptată provizoriur!#r!1'nt4"nt't"t!" d! )u9)t"n24#!ntru o

#!r'o"d4&'/'t"t4J• toleran aț !)t! on!ntr"2'" /";'/4d'ntrun r!1'duu "r! !)t!" !#t"t 3n 'nt!r'oru& )"u

!;t!r'oru& unu' #rodu) "&'/!nt"r 3n )t"d'u& r!o&t4r''? #4)tr4r''? tr"n)#ort4r''? #r!&ur4r''?

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on)u/u& 1'&n' d! )u9)t"n2!? o!+''!ntu& d! on)u/ 1'&n' "& #rodu)u&u' "&'/!nt"r?

(r!ut"t!" /!d'! " on)u/"toru&u'$

!"! Clasi#icarea pesticidelor

6


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@d! !;!/#&u )4rur' d! A)? B"? Cu? -(? P9 "&o(!n"2'? n'trod!r'="2' "ro/"t''? d!r'="2' "r9"/''? o/#u!t! =!r1'J,$ (ru#" III /od!r"t to;'!? /"r"t! u !t'>!t! d! u&o"r! "&9")tr4J

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-C- @>!;"&or'&o>!;"n d!nu/'t


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11/26

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r!(&!/!nt"t4 #r'n 'nt!r/!d'u& Ord'nu&u' Nr$ *, d'n % +!9ru"r'! *6 !/') d! Autor't"t!"

N"2'on"&4S"n't"r V!t!r'n"r4


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COMISIA EUROPEANĂ? "=nd 3n =!d!r! Tr"t"tu& #r'='nd +un 'on"r!" Un'un'' Euro#!n!?ț"=nd 3n =!d!r! R!(u&"/!ntu& @CE nr$ ,5*0 "& P"r&"/!ntu&u' Euro#!"n ' "& Con)'&'u&u' d'nș

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#alidation and $ualit% Control &rocedures for &esticide 'esidue (nal%sis in food and

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feed !)t! #u9&'"t #! )'t!u& W!9 "& Co/')'!' @ 0 $ Ar tr!9u' )4 )! #!r/'t4 )t"t!&or

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Cod!; A&'/!nt"r'u)$5 E)t! n!!)"r4 !="&u"r!" r!)#!t4r'' &'/'t!&or /";'/! d! r!1'duur' 3n !!" ! #r'=! t!ș

"&'/!nt!&! #!ntru o#''? )t"9'&'t! &" "rt'o&u& % d'n D'r!t'=" *5%.%CE " Co/')'!'

d'n ** d!!/9r'! *5 #r'='nd +or/u&!&! d! 3n!#ut ' +or/u&!&! d! ont'nu"r! "&!ș

#r!#"r"t!&or #!ntru )u("r' r!)#!t'= "&! #r!#"r"t!&or #!ntru o#'' d! =r)t4 /'4 @ %

' &" "rt'o&u& 6 d'n D'r!t'=" *5%*0CE " Co/')'!' d'n 0 d!!/9r'! *5 #r'='ndș

#r!#"r"t!&! #! 9"14 d! !r!"&! ' "&'/!nt!&! #!ntru o#'' d!)t'n"t! )u("r'&or ' o#''&or ș ș

d! =r)t4 /'4 @ * ? 'nnd ont nu/"' d! d!+'n' ''&! r!1'duur'&or ")t+!& u/ )untț ț

)t"9'&'t! 3n R!(u&"/!ntu& @CE nr$ ,5*0$6 E)t! n!!)"r4? d! ")!/!n!"? !="&u"r!" #o)'9'&!&or !+!t! (&o9"&!? u/u&"t! 'ș

)'n!r('! "&! #!)t''d!&or? "tun' nd d!='n! d')#on'9'&4 /!todo&o('" r!)#!t'=4$

A!")t4 !="&u"r! "r tr!9u' )4 3n!"#4 u '=" or("no+o)+" '? "r9"/" '? tr'"1o&' 'ț ț ț ș

#'r!tro'd!? ")t+!& u/ )unt #r!=41u ' 3n "n!;" I$ț

K P!ntru " !='t" or'! on+u1'! "u1"t4 d! o )u#r"#un!r! 3ntr! #ro(r"/! /u&t'"nu"&!

on)!ut'=!? R!(u&"/!ntu& @UE nr$ %0*% "r tr!9u' "9ro("t? d'n /ot'=! d!

)!ur't"t! Hur'd'4$ Cu to"t! "!)t!"? !& "r tr!9u' )4 )! "#&'! 3n ont'nu"r! #!ntru

#ro9!&! "n"&'1"t! 3n *%%$ M4)ur'&! #r!=41ut! 3n #r!1!ntu& r!(u&"/!nt )unt on+or/! u "='1u& Co/'t!tu&u'

#!r/"n!nt #!ntru &"n u& "&'/!nt"r ' )4n4t"t!" "n'/"&$ț ș

ADOPTĂ PRE8ENTUL REGULAMENT: (rticolul 1

P! #"rur)u& "n'&or *%*? *%, ' *%.? )t"t!&! /!/9r! #r!&!=4 ' "n"&'1!"14 #ro9! #!ntruș ș

o/9'n" ''&! d! #!)t''d!#rodu)!? #r!=41ut! 3n "n!;" I$ Nu/4ru& d! #ro9! d'n +'!"r! #rodu)ț

!)t! #r!=41ut 3n "n!;" II$

(rticolul 2

%$Lotu& d'n "r! )! =or #r!&!=" #ro9! )! "&!(! "&!"tor'u$

22


23/26

Pro!dur" d! #r!&!="r! d! #ro9!? 'n&u)'= nu/4ru& d! un't4 '? r!)#!t4 d')#o1' ''&!ț ț

D'r!t'=!' **5,CE$

*$ Pro9!&! )! "n"&'1!"14 3n on+or/'t"t! u d!+'n' ''&! r!1'duur'&or )t"9'&'t! 3nț

R!(u&"/!ntu& @CE nr$ ,5*0$ n "1u& 3n "r! nu !)t! )t"9'&'t4 n''o d!+'n' '! !;#&''t4 "ț

r!1'duu&u' 3n r!(u&"/!ntu& r!)#!t'= #!ntru un "nu/'t #!)t''d? )! "#&'4 d!+'n' '" r!1'duu&u'ț

)t"9'&'t4 3n "n!;" I &" #r!1!ntu& r!(u&"/!nt

(rticolul )%$ St"t!&! /!/9r! #r!1'nt4 r!1u&t"t!&! "n"&'1!&or #ro9!&or t!)t"t! 3n *%*? *%, ' *%.ș

#n4 &" ,% "u(u)t *%,? *%. '? r!)#!t'=? *%0$ R!1u&t"t!&! r!)#!t'=! )unt #r!1!nt"t! 3nș

on+or/'t"t! u *tandard *ample +escription @SSD? #r!=41ut4 3n "n!;" III$

*$ n "1ur'&! 3n "r! d!+'n' '" r!1'duur'&or #!)t''d! 'n&ud! )u9)t"n ! "t'=!? /!t"9o&' 'ț ț ț

')"u #rodu ' d! d!(r"d"r! )"u d! r!" '!? )t"t!&! /!/9r! r"#ort!"14 r!1u&t"t!&! "n"&'1!&or 3nș ș ț

on+or/'t"t! u d!+'n' '" Hur'd'4 " r!1'duu&u'$ R!1u&t"t!&! +'!4ru' '1o/!r )"u /!t"9o&'t #r'n'#"&ț

/!n 'on"t 3n d!+'n' '" r!1'duu&u' )! #r!1'nt4 )!#"r"t? 3n /4)ur" 3n "r! )unt "n"&'1" ' 'n /odț ț ț

'nd'='du"&$

(rticolul ,

R!(u&"/!ntu& @UE nr$ %0*% )! "9ro(4$ Cu to"t! "!)t!"? !& )! "#&'4 3n ont'nu"r!

#!ntru #ro9!&! "n"&'1"t! 3n *%%$ (rticolul

Pr!1!ntu& r!(u&"/!nt 'ntr4 3n ='(o"r! &" % '"nu"r'! *%*$ Pr!1!ntu& r!(u&"/!nt !)t!

o9&'("tor'u 3n to"t! !&!/!nt!&! )"&! ' )! "#&'4 d'r!t 3n to"t! )t"t!&! /!/9r!$ș

CONCLU8II

P!)t''d!&! )unt o )!r'! d! )u9)t"n2! to;'!3ntr!9u'n2"t! 3n "(r'u&tur4#!ntru #rot!2'"

#&"nt!&or +"24d! 9o&' )"ud4un4tor' 3n )o#u& o92'n!r'' d! r!o&t! /"r'


24/26

)')t!/u&u' !ndor'n? ")u#r" )')t!/u&u' '/uno&o(' '/9 !+!t!&! d!

t'# ron' )unt /u&t /"' &"r! d'n "u1" #!r)')t!n2!' 3nd!&un("t!$ E+!t!&! #! t!r/!n &un( 3n4

)unt n!&"r!$

Pr!1!n2" #!)t''d!&or 3n #rodu)!&! "&'/!nt"r! d! or'('n! =!(!t"&4 !)t!r!1u&t"tu&

ont"/'n4r'' "!)tor" d'n "t/o)+!r4? >'dro)+!r4 '/'4 " #rodu)u&u'? &uru

r!&'!+"t d! ur/4to"r!&! ")#!t!:

• /"Hor't"t!" #!)t''d!&or #4trun)! #r'n 'n(!)t'! "u1!"14 o&''? (r!2ur'? =o/4 '!J

• 3n "1u& "nu/'tor &")! d! #!)t''d! "#"r /"n'+!)t4r' >!#"to r!n"&!? tu&9ur4r' d! r't/

"rd'"


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pericole chimice din produsele de origine animala si nonanimala : pesticide, organoclorurate - ddt...

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