toxiinfectia alimentara

8/10/2019 Toxiinfectia Alimentara

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BOLI INFECTIOASE CU POARTA DE INTRAREDIGESTIVA

PROF: DR. BUTNARIU SIMONA

CURSTOXIINFECTIILE ALIMENTARE

1.DEFINITIE

Toxiinfeciile alimentare sunt boli !ut"# $lu%i"tiolo&i!"# !u tblou !lini! '"

&st%o"nt"%o!olit !ut# '" !u() to*i!) su in+"!,ios)# $)%ut" l -*i-u- / o%"#

'u$) !onsu-ul uno% li-"nt" su butu%i !ont-int" !u -i!%oo%&nis-" $to&"n"0b!t"%ii# i%usu%i su $%(iti si to*in"l" !"sto%2# to*in" -i!%obi"n" su -"tboliti

to*i!i b!t"%i"ni# !u -ni+"st%" "$i'"-i! su s$o%'i!# -i %% si '"but b%utl.

I-$o%tnt $"nt%u sntt" $ubli!: in!i'"nt -%"# i(bu!ni%i "$i'"-i!" in +o!%"

si "oluti s""%# $osibil l"tl# !(u%ilo% !u -%i '"("!3ilib%" 3i'%o"l"!t%oliti!".

/.ETIOLOGIE

4 "st" +o%t" %it)# t"o%"ti! o%i!" -i!%oo%&nis- $ut5n' s) $%o'u!) T*A '!)

"st" -ulti$li!t su+i!i"nt 6n li-"nt".Etiolo&i to*iin+"!tiilo% li-"nt%" "st" 'o-int '" Sl-on"ll s$$ 0789 4 89

'in !(u%i2 si St$3lo!o!!us u%"us "nt"%oto*i&"n 0/89 4 ;89 'in !(u%i2. Alti &"%-"ni

i-$li!ti sunt: B.!"%"us# Cl.$"%+%in&"ns# E.!oli#


2/9

4 $u%t=to%ii $%"nt s=n=to>i '" st+ilo!o! su sl-on"ll" 0?4@89 'in $o$ul,i"#

$u%tto%i n(oo+%in&i"ni2

ni-l"l" boln" su $u%tto%" sntos": $o%!in" 0!%n"# is!"%"2 oin"

0!%n"2# boin" 0!%n"# l$t"2# $s%i 0ou# !%n"2 %o(to%" 0+"!l"2

/. TRANSMITEREA

CONTAMINAREA ALIMENTELOR SE FACE $" tot !i%!uitul lo% !o-$l"* '" l

o%i&in" $n l !onsu-:

'i%"!t '" l su%s

$" t%s"ul t%ns$o%t%ii# -ni$ul%ii si $%"lu!%%ii lo%

$st%%" in !on'itii n"!o%"s$un(to%"

in !(ul $"%son"lo% !%" sunt $u%tto%" unui ti$ '" -i!%oo%&nis- $to&"n

su in !(ul $"%son"lo% boln"# !%" '" s"-"n" $ot !ont-in li-"ntul.

$%in -ni$ul%" li-"ntului !u -ini n"s$lt" su in+"!tt" 0 "*: 'u$

+olosi%" tol"t"i 'u$ !ont!tul !u -t"%iil" +"!l" 'u$ !" s4u u!t !u ni-l"

boln"# -i l"s !u 'i%""2.

l su%s) 0l$t" '" !) in+"!tt !u st+ilo!o! $to&"n# 6n -stit !ut) !ilo%#

ou) '" %,) in+"!tt" !u sl-on"ll2

6n $"%io'"l" '" $)st%%" 0$st%%" n"!o%"s$un(to%" inint" su 'u$

$%"lu!%%": !!"sul "!to%ilo%: -ust"# &n'!i >i %o()to%"lo% 'o-"sti!"# t"-$"%tu%i

n"!o%"s$un(to%"# in!o%"!t %"+%i&"%%"2

$%in !ont-in%" 'in -"'iul in!onu%to%# !u -i!%oo%&nis-" $to&"n" !%" s"

$ot &si in $%+# $-nt# $ 0Clost%i'iu- $"%+%in&"ns# Clost%i'iu- botulinu-# "t!2

li$s '" i&i"n ust"nsil"lo% '" bu!t%i"# "s"l"i

+olosi%" $"i 'int%4o su%s !ont-int# l $%"$%%" -n!%ii su l

u'%"i%i&%" l"&u-"lo%# +%u!t"lo% $" $%!u%sul !%"st"%ii

+olosi%" in&%s-int"lo% ntu%l" !ont-int" $" $%!u%sul !%"st"%ii l"&u-"lo%#

+%u!t"lo%

'"$si%" t"%-"nului '" lbilitt" li-"nt"lo%

$%in 'u&%" in !o-$o(iti" uno% in!%"'i"nt" !ont-int".

/


3/9

ALIMENTELE MAI DES INCRIMINATE SI AGENTII CONTAMINATI -i

+%"!"nt sunt:

4 !%n" si $%"$%t"l" '" !%n"0in'"os"bi to!tu%il"# -"("lu%il"# $t"u%i# !%nti#

tob# "t!2 '" o%i&in" $o%!in# '" $s%" si -i %% boin su oin# $"st"l" su

$%"$%t"l" '" $"st" 0Sl-on"ll# St$3lo!o!!us 0"nt"%oto*i!2# S3i&"ll# Es!3"%i!3i

!oli# B!illus !"%"us# Clost%i'iu- $"%+%in&"ns# Clost%i'iu- botulinu-.

4 l$t"l"# '"%it" si $%"$%t" '" l$t": l$t" si s-ntn n"$st"u%i(t"# l$t"

$%+# b%n( t"l"-" '" oi# !s $%os$t '" oi sunt !ont-int" +%"!"nt !u sl-on"ll"#

!lost%i'ii# st+ilo!o!i 0 b%n( s%t2#


4/9


5/9

D"butul "st" b%us! i% bol s" -ni+"st !u: &%"tu%i# %stu%i# !oli!i b'o-inl"#

st%" '" %u &"n"%l# !"+l""# +"b% 0!%" 'u%"( /@4/ o%"2# 'i%""# un"o%i -il&ii.

S!un"l" 'i%"i!" sunt +%"!"nt"# l in!"$ut -oi# $tos"# $oi '"in +"!loi'4

$os"# &lb"n4"%(ui 0s$"!t '" $iu%" '" -(%"2# +"ti'"# !u -u!o(itti si +o%t" %%

st%iu%i sn&uinol"nt".

Pi"%'"%il" '" li!3i'" si "l"!t%oliti %"(ultt" $%in 'i%""# %stu%i s" t%'u! $%in

&%'" 'i+"%it" '" '"s3i'%t%" 0 s"t"# tu%&o% 'i-inut# bu(" us!t"# 3i$ot"nsiun"#

t3i!%'i"# s!'"%" 'iu%"("i2 si $%in 3i$o$ots"-i"# 3i$o!lo%"-i"# 3i$o!l!"-i"# !i'o(.

D"t"%-in -ni+"st%i -i s""%" l $"%son"l" in %st su !u '"+i!it i-un# $%in

'"s3i'%t%" si '"("!3ilib%"l" 3i'%o"l"!t%oliti!"# $%"!u- si 'in !u( in(i"i

sl-on"l"lo% l ni"l int"stinl.

Eoluti "st" l"nt +o%bil in / 4 (il"# %%"o%i -i -ult# in !( '" +o%-" &%"0$n l 1@ (il"2.

TOXIINFECTIA ALIMENTARA STAFILOCOCICA "st" o T*A '" ti$ to*i!

In!ubti "st" s!u%t '" 1 4 @ o%" 0;8 -inut" 4 7 o%"2# $"nt%u ! "st" in&"%t

to*in '" !ontinut in li-"nt".

D"butul b%us!.

A-$lo%" tbloului !lini! "st" '"$"n'"nt '" 'o( '" to*in in&"%t.

Mni+"st%il" !lini!" sunt 'o-int" '" &%"t int"ns si %stu%i %"$"tt"# 'u%"%il"b'o-inl"# in "$i&st%u 0'" -i! int"nsitt"2.In nu-it" !(u%i !"st" $ot +i sin&u%"l"

s"-n" l" bolii s!un"l" 'i%"i!" 0$os"# -i%osito%"# bun'"nt"2. F"b%# +%ison"l"

sunt bs"nt" su '" -i! -$litu'in".

Bol !ut 'u%"( !t" o%".

Eoluti "st" %$i' +o%bil# in'"!%" in /@ 4 @H '" o%". Pot" " si "oluti"

s""%# !u $%iti '" !o-$li!tii.

DATE DE LABORATOR

Con+i%-%" b!t"%iolo&i! 4 $%in !"%!"t%" &"ntului $to&"n l boln 6n s5n&"#

6n s!un# 6n li!3i'ul '" )%s)tu%) 6n +o!%"l" -i -%i su 'u$) !onsu- '" li-"nt" 'in

li-"nt,i $ubli!) s" !"%!"t"() >i li-"nt"l".

4 3"-o!ultu%i# l blonii +"b%ili

?


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7/9

'-inist%%" o%l nu s" $ot" $%!ti! 0soluti" GESOL# soluti" JARTMAN# RINGER4

l!tt2.

T%t-"ntul si-$to-ti! !onst) 6n 'i-inist%%" '": antiemetice

0M"to!lo$%-i'ul# $"nt%u !o-bt"%" &%",u%ilo% >i o-"i2# antispastice 0S!obutil#

P$"%in2# antitermice# !u $%u'"nt# 'o% in !(u%i s""%" nu s" %"!o-n' $%"$%t"

!%" o$%"s! t%n(itul int"stinl 0nti'i%"i!"2

M"'i!ti nti'i%"i! 0Co'"in# I-o'iu-# "t!2 nu "st" '" obi!"i %"!o-n't in

t%t-"ntul into*i!tiilo% li-"nt%"# $"nt%u ! s" in!"tin"s! su sto$"( -"!nis-ul '"

!u%ti%" int"stinului '" -i!%oo%&nis-"l" $to&"n"# $%"!u- si '" to*in"l" !"sto%# !u

in%utti%" 'i%""i si !"lo%llt" si-$to-". Anti'i%"i!"l" sunt +olosit" 'o% in !(ul

%"!o-n'%ii -"'i!ului

T%t-"ntul !u ntibioti!" nu %" ni!i o in'i!ti" in T*A $%in "nt"%oto*in"0st+ilo!o!2 su $%in -"tboliti to*i!i b!t"%i"ni. Nu sunt in'i!t" ni!i in T*A !u

sl-on"ll".

Kn +o%-"l" !o-un" '" T*A nu sunt in'i!t" ntibioti!"l"# !u "*!"$,i +o%-"lo%

&%"# !u -"!nis- !itoto*i!# >i !"lo% !u %is! '" "olu,i" in(i) !itoto*i!) l !o$iii

-i!i# 5%stni!i# $"%son" i-uno'"$%i-t".

S" $%"+"%) ntibioti!" o%l" 6n 'o(" -ini-" %"!o-n't" $"nt%u 5%st) >i &%"utt"#

$" 'u%t) s!u%t) '" ti-$. 0b"t l!t-in": A-o*i!ilin# Au&-"ntin# C"+l"*in# A!i'nli'i*i!# "t! !3inolon"l" 0!i$%o+lo*!in 'ulti l !o$ii !.i +"!t"( !%til"l" '"

!%"st"%"2# !oli-i!in 0l su&%i2# in 'o(" u(ul"# ti-$ '" ; 4 ? (il".

ANCJETA EPIDEMIOLOGIC :

4 s" '"$ist"() bolnii# li-"ntul !u(to% >i s" s$itli("() +o%-"l" &%" s"

t%t"() bolnii >i sus$"!,ii

4 list !o-$l"t !onsu-to%ilo%

4 s" stbil">t" o%i&in" li-"ntului# -o'ul '" !ont-in%" li-"ntului si

s!ot"%" 'in !onsu- li-"ntului in!%i-int.

Est" i-$o%tnt) stbili%" +"lu%ilo% '" -5n!%" !onsu-t" '" bolni 6n ulti-"l"

@H o%"# !"st" li-"nt" +iin' blo!t" >i 'ist%us" l !on+i%-%" b!t"%iolo&i!).

S" %"!olt"() $%ob" 'in $%o'us"l" $tolo&i!"# '" l $"%sonlul sus$i!iont +i

$u%t)to%# 'in li-"nt"l" sus$"!t".


8/9

S" s!ot 'in !tiitt" t"-$o%% $"%son"l" +i $u%t)to%" '" &"%-"ni $to&"ni

$5n) l ob,in"%" %"(ultt"lo% '" lbo%to%.

. MSURILE DE PREVENIRE A T*A nu sunt s$"!i+i!" >i u l b() !"l">i

$%in!i$ii in'i+"%"nt '" "tiolo&i". It) C"l" 18 %"&uli '" u% $"nt%u $%"&)ti%" !o%"!t)

li-"nt"lo% stbilit" '" OMS:

1. Al"&"%" uno% li-"nt" !o%"!t $%"lu!%t"

/. P%"lu!%%" !o-$l"t) 3%n"i

;. Consu-%" li-"nt"lo% i-"'it 'u$) $%"&)ti%" lo%

@. P)st%%" !o%"!t) li-"nt"lo% $%"$%t"

?. R"6n!)l(i%" int"&%l) li-"nt"lo% $%"$%t"

7. Eit%" !ont!tului 6nt%" li-"nt"l" !%u'" n"$%"lu!%t" >i !"l"

$%"lu!%t". S$)l%" %"$"tt) -5inilo%

H. P)st%%" un"i !u%),"nii -"ti!ulos" $" tot" su$%+","l" 'in bu!)t)%i"

. P%ot"%" li-"nt"lo% +,) '" !!"sul ins"!t"lo%# %o()to%"lo% >i lto%

ni-l"

18.Folosi%" "*!lusi $"i $otbil" l $%"$%%" li-"nt"lo%.

18. COMBATERE

1. M=su%i +,= '" i(o%ul '" in+"!,i"'"$ist%": n!3"t "$i'"-iolo&i!=# !lini!# "*-"n" '" lbo%to%

bolnilo% si $u%tto%ilo% '" &"%-"ni

i(ol%" !(u%ilo%# '" obi!"i l 'o-i!iliu# nu-i !"l" &%" n"!"sit5n'

s$itli(%"

'"!l%%" nu-"%i!=# $"%io'i!=

$u%t=to%ii o% +i '"$ist,i $%in "*-"n" b!t"%iolo&i!"# -i l"s !"i !u

tulbu%=%i &st%oint"stinl"# !u $io'"%-it"# +u%un!ul"# %ino+%in&it" s" 6n!"%!

st"%ili(%" lo%

sus$"!,ii o% +i s!o>i 'in s"!to%"l" !u $osibil %is!# li s" "+"!tu"(=

"*-"n" b!t"%iolo&i!".

/. M=su%i +,= '" !=il" '" t%ns-it"%"

s" o% lu -=su%i '" '"(in+"!,i"# '"(ins"!,i"# '"%ti(%"

H


9/9

sn%" su%s"lo% '" $=

6n'"$=%t%" %"("%o%"lo% '" in+"!,i" ni-l"

$%"lu!%%" !o%"!t= li-"nt"lo%

!onsu-%" i-"'it -n!%ii &tit"

$st%%" in +%i&i'"% li-"nt"lo%

;. M=su%i +,= '" %"!"$tii

nu "*ist= $%o+il*i" s$"!i+i!=

"'u!,i snit%= $o$ul,i"i >i -i l"s !"lo% !%" -ni$ul"(=

$%o'us"l" li-"nt%".

s s" "it" !onsu-ul -n!%ii si l li-"nt"lo% "!3i

toxiinfectia alimentara

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