Timpurile verbelor in engleza

Present Simple Tense:

Afirmativ :

Subiect + Verbul la infinitiv

Exceptie : La pers a III sg verbul se termina mereu in –s sau –es :

The boy wants a toy car for Christmas. – Baiatul vrea o masina de jucarie pentru Craciun.

Atentie:

1. Verbele care se termina in -y la pers a III sg, y se transforma in -ies:

I cry – She cries.

I play – He plays.

2. Verbele care se termina in –o, -ss, -x, -sh, -ch primesc la pers a III sg - es

My mother usually goes to the market in the morning. – Mama se duce de obicei in piata dimineata.

Negativ :

Subiect+ do not/ does not + verb

She does not sing in the school chorus. – Ea nu canta in corul scolii.

Interogativ :

do not/ does not + Subiect + verb

Does she want to participate in the competition? - Vrea ea sa participle in competitie?

Present Continuous Tense:

Afirmativ :

Subiect + Prezentul verbului “a fi” + ing :

She is cutting the cake in slices. (Ea taie prajitura felii.)

Negativ :

Subiect + Prezentul verbului “a fi” + not + verb + ing :

She is not talking at the moment, she is eating. (In acest moment ea nu vorbeste, mananca.)

Interogativ :

Prezentul verbului “a fi” + Subiect + verb + ing :

Is she smiling ? (Ea zambeste ?)

Present Perfect Tense:

Afirmativ :

Subiectul + Auxiliarul HAVE la prezent + past participle al verbului de conjugat

We are not going on holiday since the prices have rise. – Noi nu mai mergem in vacant deoarece preturile au crescut.

Negativ :

Subiectul + have/has not + past participle al verbului de conjugat

I haven’t seen her this morning, she is probably sleeping. – Nu am vazut-o de dimineata, probabil doarme.

Interogativ :

Auxiliarul HAVE la prezent + Subiectul + past participle al verbului de conjugat

Haven’t you eaten too much chocolate already? – Nu ai mancat deja destula ciocolata?

Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

Afirmativ :

Subiectul + prezentul perfect al verbului to be (have/has been)+ participul prezent al verbului de conjugat (baza + ing)

They have been reading a lot of book lately. – Ei au citit o multime de carti in ultima vreme.

Negativ :

Subiectul + prezentul perfect al verbului to be (have/has been)+ NOT + participul prezent al verbului de conjugat

They haven’t been watching TV this afternoon. – Ei nu s-au uitat la tv in acesta dupa-amiaza.

Interogativ :

Prezentul perfect al verbului to be + Subiectul + participul prezent al verbului de conjugat

What have you been doing ? I have been working on a new project. – Ce ai mai facut? Am lucrat la un nou proiect.

Simple Past Tense :

Afirmativ :

S + verbul la forma a II a de pe lista verbelor iregulate

We went to the zoo yesterday. – Am fost la zoo ieri.

S + verb + ed – pentru cele regulate

I phoned her. – I-am dat telefon.

Negativ :

S + aux DO la trecut (did) + not + verbul la infinitiv

We did not finish the project in due time. – Noi nu am terminat proiectul la timp.

Interogativ :

Did + S + verbul la infinitiv ?

Did you eat all the chocolate? – Ai mancat toata ciocolata?

Past Perfect Tense :

Afirmativ :

S + Past tense al verbului To HAVE + participiu trecut

Atentie: La verbele regulate participiul trecut = verb + ed iar la cele neregulate este forma a 3a de pe lista verbelor iregulate.

At last she showed me the dress she had bought. – Intr-un sfarsit, mi-a aratat rochia pe care si-o cumparase.

Negativ :

S + Past tense al verbului To HAVE + Not + participiu trecut

They hadn’t gone to Mt. Omu, they had gone to another peak. – Ei nu au mers pe varful Omu, au mers pe alt varf.

Interogativ :

Past tense al verbului To HAVE + S + participiu trecut

Hadn’t he loved you? – Nu te iubea?

Past Continuous Tense :

Afirmativ :

S + verbul To BE la past tense + verbul de conjugat + ING

I was reading the lesson when the teacher came in. – Citeam lectia cand a intrat profesoara.

Negativ :

S + verbul To BE la past tense la forma negativa + verbul de conjugat + ING

They weren’t looking for Susan; they were looking for her sister. – Ei nu o cautau pe Susan, ei o cautau pe sora ei.

Interogativ :

Verbul To BE la past tense + S + verbul de conjugat + ING

Was he driving too fast when he had the accident? – Conducea el prea repede cand a avut accidentul?

Past Perfect Continuous Tense :

Afirmativ :

S+ had been + participiu prezent Participiu prezent = verb + ing

I have been thinking of writing you a mail when you called me. – Eu ma gandisem sa iti scriu un mail cand tu m-ai sunat.

Negativ :

S + had + Not + been + present participle

I hadn’t been waiting long in a queue when I heard a voice calling my name. – Nu stateam de mult la rand, cand au auzit o voce strigandu-mi numele.

Interogativ:

Had + S + been + present participle

They hadn’t been doing their tasks so they didn’t get a bonus. – Ei nu si-au indeplinit din taskuri deci nu au primit un bonus.

Simple Future Tense:

Afirmativ :

S + will + verbul la infinitiv

You will feel better if you take this pill. - Tu o sa te simti mult mai bine daca iei acesta pastila.

Negativ :

S + will not (won’t) + verbul la infinitiv

I won’t tell where she is. – Nu iti voi spune unde este ea.

Interogativ:

Will + S + verbul la infinitiv

Will you love me in 10 years? – O sa ma iubesti si peste 10 ani?

Future Perfect Tense:

Afirmativ :

S + will have + past participle al verbului de conjugat past participle = forma a III a verbului

Tomorrow at 9 they will have left for Sibiu. – Maine la ora 9 ei vor fi plecat spre Sibiu.

Negativ :

S + will not have + past participle al verbului de conjugat

When you phone Julie I will not have arrived at the station. – Cand o suni pe Julie eu nu voi fi ajuns in statie.

Future Continuous Tense:

Afirmativ :

S + Will be + present participle

The Health Organisation will be opening a new hospital in this city. – Organizatia de sanatate va deschide un nou spital in acest oras.

Negativ :

S + will not (won’t) + present participle

The train won’t be arriving any time soon; there was an accident on the road. – Trenul nu va ajunge prea curand, a avut loc un accident pe drum.

Interogativ:

Will + S + be + present participle

Will you be shouting at me if I tell you the truth? – Vei tipa daca iti voi spune adevarul?

Future Perfect Continuous Tense:

Afirmativ :

S + will have been + present participle al verbului de conjugat present participle = verbul + ing

While Michael will have been writing his exercices, Maria will have been playing the violin. – Cat timp Mihai isi va fi scris exercitiile, Maria va fi cantat la vioara.

Negativ :

S + will not have been + present participle al verbului de conjugat

You will not have been working here by this summer. – Tu nu vei fi lucrat aici pana in aceasta vara.

Future-in-the-Past Tense:

Afirmativ :

S + would + infinitivul verbului de conjugat

She told me I would be in trouble – Ea mi-a spus ca voi intra in bucluc.

Negativ :

S + would not + infinitivul verbului de conjugat

We never thought they would not win. – Noi nu ne-am gandit niciodata ca ei nu vor castiga.