strategic studies

NO. 3 / 2013

SUMMARY

SSTTRRAATTEEGGIICC SSTTUUDDIIEESS Eugen LUNGU, Repere realiste vechi i noi privind dinamica de securitate n spaiul geopolitic MENA ................................................. 7 Eugen STRUIU, Foreign Policy Objective of Separatist Transnistrian Region. Institutional Architecture........................................................... 21 Cristian BARNA, Amplasarea unor elemente ale scutului antirachet n Regiunea Extins a Mrii Negre un cordon sanitar n faa ameninrilor asimetrice sau calea spre o nou curs a narmrilor nucleare?................................................................................................ 28

NNAATTIIOONNAALL SSEECCUURRIITTYY Vasile TABR, Protecia civil component a securitii naionale. Necesitatea prevenirii i contracarrii surprinderii n cazul producerii unor evenimente deosebite ................................................................ 45 Marius PRICOPI, Reflectarea integrrii militare europene n documentele strategice naionale....................................................... 62 TTEERRRROORRIISSMM Marcel VOICESCU, Drepturile omului i libertile fundamentale n contextul implementrii legislaiei n domeniul combaterii terorismului ......................................................................................................... 69 EECCOONNOOMMIICC SSEECCUURRIITTYY Ganna KHARLAMOVA, Economic security versus Crises ................... 74 Volodymyr BABIRAD-LAZUNIN, Information support of Statistical evaluation of Smuggling and Customs violation in the context of the Ukrainian Economic Security ............................................................. 82 Letitia Corina MATAREA TRK, China Investment Corporation. Policy Implications and Developments ............................................... 87 Volodymyr VIRCENKO, Intellectual Security of Enterprise and Strategy of its Provision................................................................... 100 HHUUMMAANN SSEECCUURRIITTYY

Oleksii KHARLAMOV, Marina BODNARENKO, Ganna KHARLAMOVA, Nanosensors on Guard the Human Safety ...................................... 110 Ruslana GROSU, Dimensiunea conceptului de securitate uman n contextul viziunilor asupra dezvoltrii durabile ................................ 120 Iulia CRCIUN, Rzvan ENACHE, Influena media i computerului asupra securitii psihice a copiilor.................................................. 129 BBOOOOKK RREEVVIIEEWWSS Ion LEAHU, Provocrile europenizrii: politica Federaiei Ruse n reglementarea transnistrean (1992-2012), Editura Universitii de Stat, Tiumen, 2012 (autor A. Deveatcov) ........................................140 Eugen STRUIU, Tnr n Romnia. Noi valori, noi identiti, Editura Institutul European, Iai, 2013 (autor: Sabina Luca - coordonator)....149 Ioan ANTAI, tiina administraiei, Editura Universitii Naionale de Aprare Carol I, Bucureti, 2013 (autor Vasile Tabr) ................. 150

Eugen LUNGU Facultatea de tiine Economice i Politice

Universitatea Europei de Sud-Est LUMINA

REPERE REALISTE VECHI I NOI PRIVIND DINAMICA DE SECURITATE N SPAIUL GEOPOLITIC MENA

Title: OLD AND NEW REALIST HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SECURITY DYNAMICS IN THE GEOPOLITICAL MENA SPACE

Abstract: Even if Realism had a decline in the years that followed the end of the Cold War, it still remains the dominant school of thought when the security of the Middle East and North African countries is concerned. The geopolitical MENA space has many security problems, some older, such as: the Palestinian issue and newer ones,such as: Iraq post-Saddam Hussein, Egypt post-Mohamed Morsi, Syrian civil war. The concise approach of these security issues, and of the connections that cancel the divisions between them, contributes to a better understanding of the security of the geopolitical MENA space.

Keywords: Realism, Security, Geopolitical MENA space, North Africa, Palestinian issue, Middle East, Syrian civil war.

Contact details of the authors:

E-mail: [email protected]

Institutional affiliation of the authors:

LUMINA-The University of South-East Europe

Institutions address:

os. Colentina nr.64b, Sector 2, Bucureti, Tel 0212403022 [email protected]

Eugen STRUIU Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu

Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Departament of International Relations, Political Science and Security Studies

FOREIGN POLICY OBJECTIVE OF SEPARATIST TRANSNISTRIAN REGION. INSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

Title: FOREIGN POLICY OBJECTIVE OF SEPARATIST TRANSNISTRIAN REGION. INSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

Abstract: Comparing the international position of unrecognized states in the international system, it becomes obvious weak position (lowest) to Transnistria. Not recognized by any UN member state and by any international organization recognized / accredited to the UN, Transnistria does not benefit from the advantages which other subjects of "frozen conflicts" in the Black Sea (South Ossetia and Nagorno-Karabakh) have: recognition of five states member UN the same for South Ossetia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Hence the enormous difficulty of building principles and institutional foreign policy - which is the attribute of national sovereignty derives from the quality of the subject (person) of international law. In these conditions, depriving embassies and consulates, unable to perform the task of preparing to negotiate international treaties, the Foreign Ministry in Tiraspol is unable to answer key foreign policy objectives.

Keywords: Transnistrian conflict, Transnistrian region, Republic of Moldova, Foreing policy, Institutional architecture




Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities - Department of International Relations, Political Science and Security Studies


Calea Dumbrvii Street, No. 34, Phone: +40.269.422.169, Fax: +40.269.422.169, e-mail: [email protected], web: http://spriss.ulbsibiu.ro

Cristian BARNA Academia Naional de Informaii Mihai Viteazul

AMPLASAREA UNOR ELEMENTE ALE SCUTULUI ANTIRACHET N REGIUNEA EXTINS A MRII NEGRE - UN CORDON SANITAR N FAA AMENINRILOR

ASIMETRICE SAU CALEA SPRE O NOU CURS A NARMRII NUCLEARE? Title: POSITIONING ANTIBALLISTIC MISSILE SHIELD IN THE WIDER

BLACK SEA AREA - A BUFFER ZONE FOR ASYMMETRIC THREATS OR THE BEGINING OF A NUCLEAR ARMS RACE?

Abstract: The idea according to which we are now in a new stage of the nuclear arms race has been increasingly accepted, the United States being accused by the Russian Federation that, by building the antimissile shield in Europe, they continue the containment policy that had been applied against the USSR during the Cold War. The truth is that the locations in Europe of the antimissile shield components (Poland, Romania and Turkey) raise many doubts and leave the impression that it is not the defense of the European continent against the medium range missiles from Iran or Afghanistan that matters, but the Eurasian heartlands containment using the power of the Euro-Atlantic rimland.

Keywords: Containment, antiballistic shield, nuclear deterrence, nuclear arms race, preemptive strikes




Mihai Viteazul National Intelligence Academy


Sos. Odai, no. 20-22, Bucharest Phone/Fax: 0214106550

Vasile TABR Universitatea Lucian Blaga din Sibiu

Facultatea de tiine Socio-Umane Departamentul de Relaii Internaionale, tiine Politice i Studii de Securitate

PROTECIA CIVIL - COMPONENT A SECURITII NAIONALE. NECESITATEA PREVENIRII I CONTRACARRII SURPRINDERII N CAZUL PRODUCERII UNOR

EVENIMENTE DEOSEBITE Title: CIVIL PROTECTION - COMPONENT OF NATIONAL SECURITY. THE

NECESITY TO PREVENT AND COUNTER THE SURPRISE IN CASE OF SPECIAL EVENTS

Abstract: The process of globalization strongly influences the current international situation. The security environment is characterized by big scale phenomena such as international terrorism structured in cross-border networks, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, regional conflicts, transnational organized crime, natural and technological disasters, ineffective governance. Present days threats to the state are non-military in nature. Major climatic changes that occur at a global level have the effect of increasing the frequency and the magnitude of extreme weather events. Protection and assistance in natural and technological disasters represent a fundamental human right. Civil protection is a form to ensure national security. The primary mission of civil protection is to protect citizens, goods, patrimony and the environment against natural disasters and / or military actions in peacetime, crisis and war. Given the negative consequences that may result from emergency situations and

the fact that they can not be prevented but can be managed, preventing and combating surprise in case of special events becomes necessary for all structures involved in such activities. To make effective use of the material, human and financial resources available to the state and of the cooperation with their counterparts in other countries, the National System for Emergency Situations Management (SNMSU) was created. It is an interagency structure that focuses on understanding the complexity, diversity, spatiality and potential risk factors that can generate emergency situations, in order to take measures to prevent their manifestation and reduce their destructive effects. The management in emergencies, the creation and use of a data base and preventing surprise are supported by the Management Information System for Emergency Situations. The efficiency of the activities performed during emergencies is improved by international cooperation with similar institutions of the European Union and other countries.

Keywords: Civil protection, National security, Special events, Security environment, Emergency situation







Marius PRICOPI Academia Forelor Terestre Nicolae Blcescu Sibiu

REFLECTAREA INTEGRRII MILITARE EUROPENE N DOCUMENTELE STRATEGICE NAIONALE

Title: THE REFLECTION OF EUROPEAN MILITARY INTEGRATION IN NATIONAL STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS

Abstract: European military integration is a concept which is more and more accepted by the international community, and its references in the scientific literature are increasing. But how is this concept reflected in the main national strategic documents in the field of security and defence? This is the question to which we turned on writing this article. Using the study of social documents as a research method, we submitted for the analysis of the three most important and relevant documents: Romanias National Security Strategy, the National Defence Strategy and the Transformation Strategy of the Romanian Army. Although relatively obsolete (the latest dates from 2010 and the oldest from 2007), the documents contain a number of principles and references that validate the concept of European military integration.

Keywords: Military integration, European defence, Strategic documents




Nicolae Blcescu Land Forces Academy, Sibiu


Revoluiei Street, No. 3-5, Phone: +40-269-432990, Fax: +40-269-215554, e-mail: [email protected], web: http://www.armyacademy.ro/

Marcel VOICESCU Universitatea Naional de Aprare Carol I din Bucureti

DREPTURILE OMULUI I LIBERTILE FUNDAMENTALE N CONTEXTUL IMPLEMENTRII LEGISLAIEI N DOMENIUL COMBATERII TERORISMULUI

Title: THE ISSUE OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTING LEGISLATION IN

COMBATING TERRORISM Abstract: Rights and fundamental freedoms are enshrined and guaranteed by legal

instruments to which most countries have joined. Terrorism as a threat to global security has sparked many controversies regarding some aspects of the restriction of rights and freedoms. The issue of human rights in the fight to prevent and combat terrorism challenged democratic governments to face with a difficult choice which should address both the need to protect citizens against terrorist acts and also to protect these rights for terrorism suspects. Human rights are often invoked by terrorists as terrorist motivation. The constant state of danger generated by terrorism led democratic states to limit some rights and derogate from human rights principles just in order to implement the measures to prevent and combat terrorism. In the legislative domain, implementation of some regulations, often restrictive, in order to protect citizens and uphold their rights, have resulted, inherently, just restricting other rights and impaired the very essence of any democratic society. Fighting against terrorism should not be used as an excuse and should not lead to restricting the human rights and fundamental freedoms, even if various international treaties permit it for certain categories of rights and under well defined conditions. Absolute security cannot exist, it is not realistic and cannot be even closer to the concept of democracy, but rather the opposite, i.e. absolute authority. Keeping the balance between liberty and security, the fight against terrorism, is a challenge for any democratic society.

Keywords: Terrorism, Human rights, Counter-terrorism, Freedom, Legislation


E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]


Carol I National University of Defense


110 Izvor Street, 5 Bucharest, Romania

Ganna KHARLAMOVA Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

THE ECONOMIC SECURITY VERSUS CRISES Title: THE ECONOMIC SECURITY VERSUS CRISES

Abstract: The paper deals with the comparison of economic security and crises as categories. The main hypotheses are: the economic security could be considered particularly at the global level under globalization and crises happening. Dynamic trends of main development indicators (GDP; GNI; Inflation; Unemployment; Import (world, EU and USA data)) are considered for the period (aprox.1960-2012). The synergy of their development through the years and mostly during crisis years is detected. Graphs fully prove the existence of 4 phases in every wave, there is mostly no tableland. Having knowledge about global crises and history of their appearance becomes possible to develop universal mechanism of estimation and control of economic security and consider this term not at the domestic level but only at global one.Our paper ascertains what strategies should be undertaken to increase the resistance ability of economic security and weather this is really possible.

Keywords: Security, Crisis, Economy, GDP, Cycle


14 Glushkov str., room 89 Kyiv 03187 Ukraine, E-mail: [email protected]


Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv


90-A, Vasylkivska St., 03022, Kyiv, Ukraine, tel. (067) 449-20-45, www.econom.univ.kiev.ua

Volodymyr BABIRAD-LAZUNIN


INFORMATION SUPPORT OF STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF SMUGGLING AND CUSTOMS VIOLATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMIC

SECURITY Title: INFORMATION SUPPORT OF STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF

SMUGGLING AND CUSTOMS VIOLATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMIC SECURITY

Abstract: This article highlights the aspects which are needed to develop effective strategies to protect the national economy. The strategy is based on creating a proper database, which elucidates the information and analytical framework for making decisions aimed at overcoming the consequences of illegal activities and preventing smuggling.

Keywords: Smuggling statistics, Customs statistics, Statistics of customs violations, Statistical estimation of smuggling, Statistical estimation of customs violations, Statistical analysis






90-A, Vasyl'kivska str., room.238/2 03022, Kyiv, Statistics and Demography Department, Faculty of Economics, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, http://www.econom.univ.kiev.ua

Letitia Corina MATAREA - TRK

Observatory for Sociopolitical Developments in Europe, Frankfurt, DE Institute for Social Work and Social Education, Frankfurt, DE

Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Institute for Political Science, Frankfurt, DE

CHINA INVESTMENT CORPORATION. POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS

Title: CHINA INVESTMENT CORPORATION. POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS

Abstract: The Chinese State Council, Chinas chief executive body established China Investment Corporation, a sovereign wealth fund, in September 2007 to invest $200 billion of Chinas then over $1 trillion in foreign exchange reserves. Because of its size, as well as because of its governance structure and its position within the Chinese political system, scholars and political analysts raised concerns about CIC. Some observers were concerned that the Chinese government would use CIC to purchase geo-strategically important natural resources, gain access to sensitive technology, or disturb international financial markets. This paper deals with China Investment Corporation, from an

international political economy perspective, by analyzing the establishment of the fund, in terms of reasons for and process of creation, its governance structure as well as CICs main investment activities since 2007. The first section is dedicated to a general discussion on the emergence of Sovereign Wealth Funds, in order to develop a basic framework with which to make sense of them. The second part turns to China Investment Corporation, by focusing on the aspects mentioned above.

Keywords: China, economic security, China Investment Corporation, geopolitics, Sovereign Wealth Funds


E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]


Observatory for Sociopolitical Developments in Europe, Frankfurt, Germany Institute for Social Work and Social Education, Frankfurt, Germany Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Institute for Political Science, Frankfurt, Germany


Zeilweg 42, 60439 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Phone: +49/ (0)69 957 89-141, Fax: +49/ (0)69 957 89-0, Web: http://www.sociopolitical-observatory.eu/en/

Volodymyr VIRCHENKO Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

INTELLECTUAL SECURITY OF ENTERPRISE AND STRATEGIES OF ITS PROVISION Title: INTELLECTUAL SECURITY OF ENTERPRISE AND STRATEGIES OF

ITS PROVISION Abstract: The article is devoted to theoretical analysis of the nature and the principles of

intellectual security of enterprise. The evolution of theoretical approaches to the analysis of the intellectual capital is investigated.The structure of intellectual capital as primary object of intellectual security is analyzed. Peculiarities of intellectual property relations are considered. Classification of intellectual property objects depending on its characteristics which is based on the analysis of their most essential features, specificity of their protection, features of realisation of the property and non-property rights is analysed. Intellectual property objects are analysed as a component of intangible assets and intellectual capital of enterprise. Functions and principles of intellectual security are defined. Institutional and commercial strategies of intellectual security provision are formulated. Intellectual property protection as the mechanism of intellectual security ensuring is investigated. Jurisdictional and non-jurisdictional forms of intellectual property protection are analyzed. Administrative, criminal and civil order of intellectual property protection are considered.

Keywords: Intellectual security, Intellectual property, Intellectual property right protection, Intangible assets, Intellectual capital


03022, Kyiv, Lomonosova Str., Building 83A, Apartment 63.


Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Economic Theory Department


03022, Kyiv, Vasylkivska str., building 90-A, phone: +38(044)521-35-78, fax: +38(044)521-35-78, website: http://univ.kiev.ua/en/

Oleksii KHARLAMOV, Marina BONDARENKO Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU

Ganna KHARLAMOVA Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

NANOSENSORS ON GUARD OF THE HUMAN SAFETY

Title: NANOSENSORS ON GUARD OF THE HUMAN SAFETY

Abstract: In globalized and highly technological XXI century it is not so obviously possible without using of nanochemistry and nanotechnology to ensure the safety of the society and the human being under terms of constantly growing level of complex threats. It is possible to claim that in the future the safety on a basis of nanosensors will be as safety in everyones pocket. In the present work the last achievements in the field of application of new nanosensors and development of new nanomaterials on a basis of nanodimensional objects (nanotubes, nanorods, nanowires) and spheroidal molecules (fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes) for manufacturing of nanosensors are considered.

Keywords: Nanosensors, Nanomaterials, Safety, Nanochemistry, Nanology, Health




Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASU; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv


3, Krzhizhanovsky str., 03680, Kyiv-142, Ukraine, tel. (044)424-02-56, fax: 380(44)424-21-31, http://www.materials.kiev.ua; 90-A, Vasylkivska St., 03022, Kyiv, Ukraine, tel. (044) 259-70-43, fax: (044) 259-70-08, www.univ.kiev.ua

Ruslana GROSU Institutul de Cercetri Juridice i Politice

Academia de tiine a Moldovei

DIMENSIUNEA CONCEPTULUI DE SECURITATE UMAN N CONTEXTUL VIZIUNILOR ASUPRA DEZVOLTRII DURABILE

Title: THE DIMENSION OF HUMAN SECURITY CONCEPT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE VISIONS ON THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract:

The issue concerning the human security has kept its importance in the XXI century, because of new global challenges, dangers and threats. Globalization has increased the interdependence between nature, human being and society. The scientific and technological progress have created a new category of global threats on the vital interests of persons and society. The international community and states, in particular, have not yet found an adequate response to these threats. Contrary to some views circulating in the area of neorealist and neoclassical paradigm, the states maintain their status as central actors in international relations, although the focus moves from state to society and its institutions. Moreover, the representatives of the postmodern concept consider that the state, not being able to provide security for itself, becomes a source of threat for the community. Human security cannot replace the traditional meanings of security, but should not be excluded from the list of defining the concept of security, because of its integrative feature. Human security provides a new approach concerning security and development. The current security policies continue to focus on the threats against the state and on the traditional military capabilities. The security is dealt with, apart from

the problem of development. The current approaches on security and development are not only appropriate, but in some cases may exacerbate insecurity. The conceptualization of human security and sustainable development is an essential contribution to changing paradigms, reflected in the change of focus from state security to security of individuals and from economic development to the impact on the welfare of individuals. Human security is an important step towards rebuilding the international system around a fair international order. Thus, human security is legitimized in contemporary conceptual universe by involving the ethical and normative dimensions. Human security and human rights are mutually reinforcing, because the first has the burden of establishing that rights are threatened in some situations, and the latter are responsible to determine the trajectory that human security must fall.

Keywords: Human security, Sustainable development, States, Risks and Threats, Human rights




Institute of Juridical and Political Researches of Academy of Sciences of Moldova


1, Stefan cel Mare av., MD-2001, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova

Iulia CRCIUN (1) Universitatea Lucian Blaga din Sibiu


Rzvan ENACHE (2) Universitatea Lucian Blaga din Sibiu


INFLUENA MEDIA I A COMPUTERULUI ASUPRA SECURITII PSIHICE A COPIILOR

Title: THE INFLUENCE OF MEDIA AND OF COMPUTER ON THE PSYCOLOGICAL SECURITY OF CHILDREN

Abstract: In todays modern world we have begun to analyze and combat the security threats that disrupt our lives, but over the years we have only looked at the larger threats that have affected us. Threats such as terrorism, ecological disasters have kept the first pages of every article and newspaper. Because of this massive exposure we tend not to see the threats that are among us and which we use every day as simple household items. The biggest threat is not pointed at adults but to those who are the most vulnerable, children, who through massive exposure to television, computer and video games have started to live in a parallel world, actually the world they experience through this technological means. The problem of the existence of this technological means in the world cant have a solution if we dont stop using them the way we do. As we all know to live a modern life we need them and further more it is not their existence that is dangerous, but the way we use them and for how long. We may consider that these ideas are wrong because a child doesnt really spend that much time in front of the television, but dont forget that we watch all of this through the eyes of adults and not through the psyche of a child. Modern advertising can provoke an emotional harm to them. Their mind is not ready to withstand the attacks of those who are behind the advertisement industry. Let us not forget how easily children in the US have taken their parents firearms and killed colleagues, just because they had seen it on

television or in a video game, and of course the Norwegian terrorist Anders Breivik, states in his manifesto that before the attacks in Utoya Island he trained on the internet, playing violent video games. If we dont try to control these risks we are submitting children to, then their psychological security wont be the same and upon reaching adulthood we will have a lot of people with anxiety and other such problems.

Keywords: Security, Mass-media, ADHD, Manipulation, Advertising, Children protection


E-mail: (1) [email protected], (2) [email protected]





Andrey DEVEATCOV, Provocrile europenizrii: politica Federaiei Ruse n reglementarea transnistrean (1992-2012),

Editura Universitii de Stat, Tiumen, 2012 (RECENZIE) Ion LEAHU

Sabina LUCA (coord.), Tnr n Romnia. Noi valori, noi identiti, Editura Institutul European,

Iai, 2013 (RECENZIE) Eugen STRUIU

Vasile TABR, tiina administraiei, Editura Universitii Naionale de Aprare Carol I,

Bucureti, 2013 (RECENZIE) Ioan ANTAI

Copyright 2013, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu Department of International Relations, Political Science and Security Studies

550324 Sibiu, Calea Dumbrvii 34 Tel. / Fax: +40-0269-422169

Web: http://reviste.ulbsibiu.ro/studiasecuritatis/ E-mail: [email protected]

ISSN 1843-1925

strategic studies

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