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    Bhjrdl Dnlaglug

    P_CLDGZB_DB P_LNDL GL ID_BZD H OBWB_BOLB= HZ_DLNPD_BZLYTA JD]YCAZ_LL L BWTNB_DB PCYD_LL ILWGBAD 2;972;96

    Bhjrdl Dnlaglug*

    P_CLDGZB_DB P_LNDL GL ID_BZD H OBWB_BOLB=

    HZ_D LNPD_BZLYTA JD]YCAZ_LL L BWTNB_DBPCYD_LL ILWGBAD 2;972;96

    Jdsvrlrdb prlndl ibzd b rdvcauldl lhjustrlbad h Durcpb cggljdhtba blnpus pdstd tct pdridglchbrdb glacr jd gcnuhlgbll. Lnpuaslchbt jd suggdsdadhrdflstrbtd h bgdst sdhs prlh gchstruglb glacr idrbtd, ljddb prlhjd pcpuabrltb-td l h Lnpdrlua _us, btt h gdrgurlad gbpltbalst-lhjustrlbad, gt l h gdad ncl-drdtl-bfrbrd. h bgdbst crjlhd jd ljdl, ndhlchn g h rbpcrtua Cosdrvbll

    prlvlhj gcndrua gu gdrdbad jlh pcrtua Cjdssb pdhtru bhua 2;76 sd ndhlchbg ... gcndrua Prlhglpbtdacr, lbr gu tlnpua l ba Bustrldl, vb juhb jdstua jdnuat Cjdsdl, bstb h nbrd pbrtd jlh gbuzb prcprldl hcbstrd pcaltlgl2. Gb urnb-rd, jdmb h 2;7;, prddjlhtdad Gchslaluaul jd Wtbt ba Lnpdrluaul _us E. Zcal sgrlbnlhlstruaul jd Ilhbhd D. I. Ebherlh g gcndrua Prlhglpbtdacr jd jup uatlnuarzocl (rusc-turg jlh 2;?;-2;?< B.D.) b gptbt c bb hvlcrbrd, hgt hbtdtdndrl g gcnpdtllb vb bjugd jbuhd Cjdsdl l rdfluhlacr sujlgd h fdhdrba, nblbads h gddb gd prlvdtd gdrdbadad?. Ab rhjua su, D. I. Ebherlh b dabocrbt uh rb-pcrt scalj, jdhunlt Jdsprd stbrdb bgtuba b gcndruaul Ncajcvdl l Ybabkldl l

    lhudhb bgdstulb bsuprb gcndruaul Lnpdrluaul _us jd ab Nbrdb Hdbfrb, jbtbtgu 24 bprlald 2;7;, h gbrd prcpuhdb nouhtlrdb jd urfdh b glacr jd gcnu-hlgbld gd adfbu fuodrhllad lhtdrhd gu crbua-pcrt Cjdssb, fld prlh gchstruglbglacr idrbtd sbu b csdadacr, fld prlh batd nsurl. Jup gd stujlbz bgdst rbpcrt,Hlgcabl L lhslst bsuprb gchstrugldl glacr idrbtd, jbr rdzcaulb sb gchlhdb l chtrdobrd= Jd uhjd urndbz b fl hgdput gchstruglb bgdstcrb37. Bhj pczllbnprbtuaul, D. I. Ebherlh sufdrdbz prlh jdpdb jlh ?? bprlald 2;7; g prlcrltbrbr fl rdpbrbrdb glacr jd bggds sprd jrunua Alpcvd-Cjdssb, gbrd, jup prdrdb sb,drb prlhglpbaua jrun pdhtru trbhspcrtbrdb gdrdbadacr jlh fuodrhllad lhtdrhd sprd

    jcgurlad bgdstul crb-pcrt, brthj g gchstrulrdb gll idrbtd dstd c gkdstluhd jdpdrspdgtlv. Jrdpt rspuhs, nprbtua Hlecabl L sgrld pd jdpd gu grdlchua= H-br fl nbl odhdflg gchstrulrdb gll idrbtd jlh Erdndhgluf sprd Cjdssb3:.

    Gu batd guvlhtd, gklbr jbg butcrltlad lnpdrlbad gchtldhtlzbu pd jdpalhhdgdsltbtdb aurll uhcr nsurl prlvlhj nouhtlrdb glacr jd gcnuhlgbld,

    * Bhjrdl Dnlaglug, jcgtcr h lstcrld, gdrgdttcr tllhlflg supdrlcr ab Lhstltutua jd Lstcrld ba BN.2 . . , , h=

    , , 2

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    _DYLWZB JD LWZC_LD B NCAJCYDL

    WZTJLL

    hu dxlstb hg c pczlld uhbhln bggdptbt prlvlhj jlrdglb h gbrd urnbu b sdgchgdhtrb lhvdstlllad. Wuo lhudhb pczlldl ibvcrbolad b nprbtuaul h prlvl-hb vbrlbhtdl gd vlzb gchstruglb gll idrbtd, bjnlhlstrblb rdflchba b Obsbrboldl

    lhllbz prcncvbrdb uhul prcldgt jd gbad idrbt gd br fl uhlt prcvlhglb gu crbu-a-pcrt Cjdssb prlh acgbaltbtdb Nblbel4. Zctul, h alpsb uhul gchsdhs, rdbalzbrdbpabhurlacr prlvltcbrd ab gchstruglb glacr idrbtd h rdfluhlad sujlgd bad Lnpdrlu-aul _us hu bvdb s sd nbtdrlbalzdzd h bhll gd bu urnbt. h bhua 2;::, fuvdrhbtc-rua fdhdrba ba Hcvcrcsldl l Obsbrboldl, gchtdad N. W. Ycrchcv, btrfdb jlh hcubtdhlb fuvdrhuaul rus bsuprb hdgdsltll jd b fl aubtd gdad nbl idrnd nsurlpdhtru gchtrbgbrbrdb gchsdglhdacr hdibstd pdhtru gcndrua hcstru prcvcgbtd jdgchgurdhb pcrturlacr juhrdhd9. h bgdst sdhs, da prcpuhdb gchstrulrdb alhllacrjd gbad idrbt Cjdssb-Pbrgbhl l Cjdssb-Cavlcpca, bflrnhj g jd rdultb gch-strugldl bgdstcrb jdplhjdb vlltcrua gcndruaul rdfluhlacr sujlgd bad _usldl6.

    h 2;:6, ndnorua Wcgldtll jd Bfrlguatur jlh _uslb jd Wuj, L. B. Jdncal,gchsua davdlbh h Cjdssb, btdhlchb bsuprb didgtuaul odhdflg pd gbrd a-br bvdbpdhtru dgchcnlb Obsbrboldl gchstrulrdb glacr idrbtd. Hdprlnlhj suslhdrd hgdrgurlad fuvdrhbndhtbad, N. W. Ycrchcv lhtdrvlhd pdrschba, h bhua 2;40,pd ahf nprbtua rus Hlgcabl L gu bgdbst lhllbtlv. Gb urnbrd, h bhua 2;4?lhflhdrua dhfadz Vlaalbn Vlasch b icst nputdrhlglt s bhbalzdzd uh bstida jdprcldgt. h bgdst gchtdxt, ncldrua obsbrbodbh K. Zcacnuz, prcpuhdb ab sgurttlnp, gchstrulrdb uhdl alhll idrbtd jd ab Hlstru, jd ahf acgbaltbtdb Pbrgbhl lph ab Cjdssb, suoalhllhj g hdgdsltbtdb l prcfltua bgdstdlb suht lhjlsgutbolad.Ir b gptb c gbrdvb rdbalzbrd, pbtru bhl nbl trzlu, h bhua 2;49, lhjustrlbuacjdslt Orusgkdr, gbrd sd hjdadthlgdb gu gcndrua jd adnh h Nblbel, b hblhtbtjlh hcu uh prcldgt jd gbad idrbt Nblbel-Cjdssb l ad-b prcpus bhtrdprdhcrlacr spbrtlglpd ab rdbalzbrdb bgdstulb. Bgdbst prcpuhdrd b prcvcgbt uh lhtdrds vlu jlhpbrtdb gdrgurlacr lhjustrlba-gcndrglbad jlh Obsbrbolb. Bstida, L. Ybjdell sgrlb=Prcpuhdrdb j-aul W. Orusgkdr jd b trbsb c alhld idrbt jd ab Cjdssb sprd Nblbel,b fslt h Obsbrbolb c pbrtlglpbrd bgtlv. Jbg gcnpbhlb hfllhbt jd j-ua W.Orusgkdr br rdbalzb bgdbst gbad idrbt, btuhgl tcbt Obsbrbolb Gdhtrba, c pbrtdjlh gdb jd Hcrj l gdb nbl nbrd pbrtd jlh gdb jd Wuj, br trbhspcrtb bstida grdbllad

    sbad l vdhlturlad gcnpbhldl br fl putut, jdslfur, s sd juoadzd. Zctul, h vlrtutdbibptuaul g nbmcrltbtdb lhjustrlblacr cjdsll h-bu suslhut prcldgtua rdspdgtlv, gluhua gd prdvdjdb gchstrulrdb gll idrbtd jlh Cjdssb sprd Obatb prlh _bzjdalhbyb,Zlrbspca, Kdrsch l Pcjcalb, lhllbtlvb aul W. Orusgkdr h-b bvut scrl jd lzohj;.

    4 2;?; 2;6; ., , 2;6; ., . :9.

    9 B. , , h= - , , 2;94, . ?

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    Bhjrdl Dnlaglug

    P_CLDGZB_DB P_LNDL GL ID_BZD H OBWB_BOLB= HZ_DLNPD_BZLYTA JD]YCAZ_LL L BWTNB_DB PCYD_LL ILWGBAD 2;972;96

    Lhdrlb l hdjcrlhb fuvdrhuaul rus jd b-l bsunb gbrdvb gkdatuldal h bgdstsdhs bu jdtdrnlhbt nbrdb ourfkdzld gcndrglba jlh Cjdssb s flhbhdzd jlh prc-prlua ouzuhbr prcldgtbrdb gll idrbtd cjdsltd. Nbl nuat bgdtlb, h gtdvb rhjurl

    bu lhllbt bhtrdprlzd pd bgluhl pdhtru flhbhbrdb gchstrugldl gll idrbtd, gbrd hsbu suidrlt ddg jlh gbuzb sundacr dxcroltbhtd jd crjlhua nlalcbhdacr jd ruoad abgt sd rljlgbu gkdatuldalad. Zctul, jrdpt urnbrd b lhslstdhdl jdpusd, h bhua 2;9?fuvdrhua rus jdgljd s-l bsund gkdatuldalad pdhtru gchstruglb prlnuaul sdf-ndht jd ???,4? vdrstd ba gll idrbtd gd urnb s gchdgtdzd jcgua gbrbhtlhdl pcrtub-rd b crbua-pcrt Cjdssb gu crbua Obatb

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    _DYLWZB JD LWZC_LD B NCAJCYDL

    WZTJLL

    alnl jd bgunuabrd b gbpltbauaul hdgdsbr prcldgtrll gll idrbtd h Obsbrbolb prlhstbolalrdb uhdl tbxd bj-kcg, gb fllhj gchicrn brt.2?? ba vca. L b Gcjlgdaul jdAdfl. W-b jlspus hgdpdrdb lndjlbt b bgunuarlacr l lhstltulrdb uhul Gcnltdt

    spdglba suo dflb nbrdbauaul hcolalnll, gcnpus jlh ; ndnorl badl jlh rhjuahcolalnll, bvhj ndhlrdb jd b crfbhlzb gcadgtbrdb lhicrnbllacr prlvlhj augrrladhdgdsbrd ab gchstrulrdb gll idrbtd. Gcnltdtua urnb s sd prdcgupd jd gcadgtbrdblhicrnbllacr prlvltcbrd ab gchstruglb gll idrbtd jlh acgbaltbtdb Hcub Wual lph h acgbaltbtdb Pbrgbhl, prdgun l jd icrnuabrdb uhcr gchsljdrbll h prlvl-hb ncjuaul jd gbad idrbt gd sd lnpuhdb b sd gchstrul, pdhtru trbgluhd gu gblsbu pdhtru gdb gu bourl, l rdnltdrdb crfbhdacr jd ab Wbhet Pdtdrsourf b rdzuatbtd-acr lhvdstlfbllacr prlh lhtdrndjlua fuvdrhbtcruaul nlaltbr. Pdhtru didgtubrdb irhtrzldrd b augrrlacr s-b jlspus b-l fl pus ab jlspczlld Gcnltdtuaul uh grdjlt jdph ab 70 nll ruoad jlh gchtua b 20% jlh vdhlturlad bgunuabtd acgba, bagtulhjgbpltbaua prcvlhgldl, gu gchjllb gb tcbtd sundad pbrvdhltd jlh gcadgtbrdb tbxdlrdspdgtlvd s ndbrf pdhtru rbnoursbrdb grdjltuaul22. h paus, bhtlglphj odhd-flgllad pd gbrd ad putdb bjugd gchstruglb gll idrbtd pdhtru Obsbrbolb, Gchslaluajd Nlhltrl b kctrt s prcpuh Nlhlstruaul jd Lhtdrhd l gdaul ba Jcndhll-acr Wtbtuaul s bhbalzdzd pcslolaltbtdb supuhdrll tbxdl h gbuz l b pnhturlacrstbtuaul jlh Obsbrbolb2?. Gb urnbrd, ab 2; jdgdnorld 2;97 Nlhlstrua jd Lhtdrhdlhicrnb g Nlhlstrua Jcndhllacr Wtbtuaul b gchsljdrbt prcpuhdrdb must, jcbrg hu vdjdb bat gbad jd pdrgdpdrd b bgdstdl tbxd jdgt prlh b prcpuhd rbhlacrjd pd jcndhllad stbtuaul s gchtrlould h ncj odhdvca. h bjrdsb jlh 26 lbhubrld

    2;9: b fuvdrhbtcruaul nlaltbr ba Obsbrboldl, P. B. Bhtchcvlgl, bjrdsbt Grnulrllprcvlhglbad b Obsbrboldl sd ndhlchb g c kctrrd h bgdbst gkdstluhd hg hu bpbrvdhlt jd ab Nlhlstrua jd Lhtdrhd27.

    hs bgtlvltbtdb Gcnltdtuaul, gklbr jbg hcolalndb l-b bsunbt butcfl-hbhbrdb dl, b icst jlh stbrt supus uhcr hgdrgrl olrcgrbtlgd jlh pbrtdbcrfbhdacr bjnlhlstrbtlvd acgbad l gdhtrbad. Bstida, ab 70 lbhubrld 2;9: Grnulrdbprcvlhglba b Obsbrboldl dxpdjlb Gchslaluaul prcvlhglba scalgltbrdb jd b prdzdhtbh gbjrua djlhdl bgdstulb jlspczllb fuvdrhbtcruaul nlaltbr jlh 26 lbhubrldgu prlvlrd ab bgcrjbrdb grdjltuaul prdvzut jlh gbpltbaua jd 20% ba prcvlhgldl

    pdhtru gchstruglb gll idrbtd, jdcbrdgd Gcnltdtua lhstltult h bgdbst gkdstluhdsd bb h suocrjlhdb aul2:. Jd bsdndhdb, ab 70 lbhubrld 2;9:, fdhdrbaua P. B. Bh-tchcvlgl lhicrnb Grnulrdb prcvlhglba g b prlnlt tdadfrbflg crjlhua fuvdrhb-tcruaul fdhdrba ba Hcvcrcsldl l Obsbrboldl, fdhdrbaua P. D. Ectzdoud, gb Gcnltd-tua s sd alnltdzd ab gcadgtbrdb lhicrnbllacr prlvltcbrd ab gchstrulrdb gll idrbtdjcbr ph ab Gkllhu24. Gb urnbrd, ab 26 idorubrld 2;9: Gchslalua prcvlhglba b

    22 Loljdn, i. 7-7 vdrsc.2? Loljdn, i. :.27

    Loljdn, i. 4.2: Loljdn, i. 2-2 vdrsc.24 Loljdn, i. 2?.

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    Bhjrdl Dnlaglug

    P_CLDGZB_DB P_LNDL GL ID_BZD H OBWB_BOLB= HZ_DLNPD_BZLYTA JD]YCAZ_LL L BWTNB_DB PCYD_LL ILWGBAD 2;972;96

    jlsgutbt prcoadnb h gbuz, kctrhj lhicrnbrdb Nbrdbauaul Hcolalnl l Bjnl-hlstrbldl Ilsgbad b Obsbrboldl jdsprd bggdptua lhstltulrll tbxdl h gbuz, icrnbrdbgcnltdtuaul l prdrcfbtlvdad bgdstulb29.

    Gklbr l bb bgtlvltbtdb gcnltdtuaul hu bvdb s fld butchcn, jbt fllhj ibptuag fuvdrhbtcrua fdhdrba ba Hcvcrcsldl l Obsbrboldl, gbrd gchsljdrb hdgdsbrhgdpdrdb lndjlbt b gchstrugldl trchschuaul jd gbad idrbt jd ab Odhjdr phab Gkllhu jlh rdsursdad flhbhglbrd bad fuvdrhuaul l rdgupdrbrdb bgdstcrb prlhgchgdsluhdb trchschuaul uhdl gcnpbhll prlvbtd, l-b gdrut obrchuaul E. E. Thfdrhvch Wtdrhodrf s htrdprlhj lhvdstlfbllad hdgdsbrd. Gkdatuldalad hdgdsbrd urnbub fl bgcpdrltd jlh grdjltua jd 70 nll ruoad jd gbrd urnb s jlspuh Gcnltdtuahcolalacr26. Ab 2? nbrtld 2;9: fuvdrhbtcrua nlaltbr ba Obsbrboldl rdnltdbGrnulrll prcvlhglbad bjrdsb jlh 7 nbrtld b fuvdrhbtcruaul fdhdrba2;, pdhtrugb ab 2; nbrtld 2;9: Grnulrdb s lhicrndzd Gchslalua prcvlhglba h bgdbstprlvlh2

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    2;

    _DYLWZB JD LWZC_LD B NCAJCYDL

    WZTJLL

    Nbl nuat, sunb prdvzut h prlndad 7 puhgtd drb prdvzut pdhtru lhstltulrdbh Obsbrbolb b gbsdacr jd bmutcrbrd jd vcacstd. h bibr jd bgdbstb, jlh gbpltbauabalndhtbr ba prcvlhgldl iusdsd prdvzutd pdhtru bgdst sgcp hg

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