romania in istoria secolului xx

7/30/2019 Romania in Istoria Secolului XX

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Denumirea disciplinei: ROMNIA N ISTORIA SECOLULUI XX

ANUL III/Semestrul I

Titular de curs: prof. univ. dr. Alesandru Duu

Tematica:

I. SITUAIA GEOPOLITIC I STRATEGIC A ROMNIEI N

SECOLUL XX ! " # " $

% & ' ( ) " # " $ 0 " # 1 # 2

3

4 0 5 ( ) " # 1 # 0 " # 6 7 2

5 ( ) " # 6 7 0 " # 6 8 2

& ' 9 ) " # 6 $ 0 " # $ # 2

' & 4 & ) " # # @ 0 A @ @ @ 2

II. CARACTERISTICI ALE VIEII POLITICE ROMNETI 9 4 B ' 9 C

9 D 9 E F F 0

9 F G

9 A 1 9 " # 6 6 0 1 @ ( " # 6 8

9 0 H ) " # 6 $ 0 " # $ # 2

4 & ( " # $ # C &

III. CARACTERISTICI ALE ECONOMIEI I STRUCTURII SOCIALEB 4 & C 4 &

E

IV. PERFORMANE ALE TIINEI, CULTURII I SPORTULUI

ROMNESC


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PREZENTAREA CAPITOLELOR

I. SITUAIA GEOPOLITIC I STRATEGIC A ROMNIEI N

SECOLUL XX

Romnia la nceput de secol.

& ) " $ 7 # 2 C

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&

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4 0 G 0

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& 5

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9 4 &

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G 0 ! 9 " 7 " $ $ $ C F

& C & & C C

& & 0 0 & (

Romnia i criza bosniac.3

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C 5 ( ' ( G 0 ! 9

C & 9 4 4 ( 5

A 7 " $ 8 $ ( & 9 4

G

& 0 9 4 C

D (

&


4/70

%

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& C 9 &

& 9 4 4 4

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( & 9 4 C

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C 5 ( (

9

(

9 C

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5 & 4

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3

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5 ' 1

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( 5 ) A @ 0 1 2 C

% 4 4 &

" " H A 6 E ( E F

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( C 9 & C

9


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&

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5 & C

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i ai epocii. .

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0

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3

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Convenia militar ( 4 5 ( 4

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Participarea la rzboi. 9 &

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& 4 5 C 4 ( C D &

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ntre Armistiiu la Pace.

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Reintrarea n rzboi.3

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4

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13/70

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14/70

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Declaraie de unire cu ara

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Aprarea Marii Uniri. G ( F

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15/70

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Confirmarea internaional a Marii Uniri.E

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18/70

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n vltoarea celui de-al doilea rzboi mondial

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19/70

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20/70

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Angajarea n rzboi. Campania din Est (1941-1944).3

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21/70

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22/70

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Trecerea de partea Naiunilor Unite la 23 august 1944.3

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F & & 5 & &

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E 4 & & " A ( " # 6 6


23/70

& C ! 9 E D 4 C

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24/70

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9 & 0

4

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4

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3

( 5 (

9 " @ @ @ @ @ @ C 7 @ @ @ @ @ 4 5

8 # 6 7 A ) A 6 8 A @ B C " # $ A A 2 # A A @ & 1 1 1 # &

C 1 8 # 8 &

Romnia n primii ani ai rzboiului rece (1945-1947)

De la armistiiu la pace.% A 1 9 " # 6 6 ( 4 & C

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D & & ! C ( &

&

3

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!

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9 C C 4 D D 0

5 ( ) A 7 9 " # 6 6 2 C ! 9 ) $ ( " # 6 6 2

9

4 E & C 9 4 F ) 1 " 9

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0 & ( 9


25/70

E 4 E 4 & & " A (

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4

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& C

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26/70

0 5 & C 9 5 & (

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F 9 4 ) 1 @ " # 6 2 E D 4 ) " ( " # 6 7 2

) " " ( " # 6 7 4 ( 2 ! 9 ) " @ ( " # 6 4

2 4 9 ' ( 9 9 G 9 F ) " # 6 4

9 & 2 ) " # 6 4 ( 2 E &

9

9 5 & & ! D C D " # 6 8

Principalele prevederi ale Tratatului de pace cu Naiunile Unite.

& C 9 &

E & " # 6 ( '

5 (

" @ ( " # 6 8 & C

D 9 D G

5 9 C

4 C C

3

& ( &

( 9 5 ( 0 4 5 C

5 & 4 )

& & G

4 5 4 &

G 2 ( 9 & !

4 5

4 A $ " # 6 @ C 4 0 D 4 A #

" # 6 7 C 9 0 ( 9 8 ( " # 6 @

( 4 &

4 4 ( & E D C E

3

& 0 &

1 @ 9 " # 6 @ 4

9 4 C 5 ( C

& C & ! C ( 5 5 4


27/70

& ' ! 4

&

Relaii externe n timpul regimului comunist (1948-1989)

Sub tutela Moscovei.% 9 & 0

4 9 ( C &

6 ( " # 6 $ C 5 5 C 4 & 9 0

4 C F !

0 4 (

A 1 C B 5 C 4

!

4

&

D

3

4 & & &

& ' C

( " # 6 $ F 4 E C C

) E 2 C 4 E F 9 4 C

) F 5 2

3

" # 7 7 & 4 (

C 4 & ) 9 5 & G H G " # 6 # 2

& &

0 G

9 5 & & ! ) " @ ( " # 7 7 2 5

4

( 0 ( " # 7

C 0

( C 4 & 9

ncercri de detaare (i realizri) de sub influena sovietic.3

" # 7 $

' & C & 4 0 C

9 4 4 0 C 9 4

9 &

C 4 A @ @ " ! 9 & 0 4 C % & 4 5 &

( C C C

& " # 6 5 5 &

D 9 4 C E !

4


28/70

3

' 9 D ( & '

C 0

C 4 &

D 9 C 9 D C

C &

4 & 0 D 5

4 4 5

C & & ) E D 0 " # $ 2 C

! G ) D

' 0 " # # C 0 " # 8 7 2 & C D F 9 4

) ( 2 ( & (

) " #

8

!

4

9 & 5 2

& & F 5 ( 0 (

" # 8 4 5 4 C E D 4 ) " # $ 2

& ( 0 5 E

% 4 H

! G ) " # 8 $ 2 C ( &

! G C E D ) " # 8 # 2

3

0 F & C

E B B ( &

5 & 4 5 &

! G ) " # 8 7 2 C

( &

3

0 ' ' 0 4 5

C 9 5 & & ! E

'

C 0

F F 0 ) " # ( " #

8 0

A 1 ( " # $ 2 G 9 5 & & !

5 &

E & 4 C

9 5 & 5 &

C 4

& ' & 4 $ @

5 C D ( & &

! G 4

4 4 G ) " # 8 7 2 4 C

4 E


29/70

( C & 9 4 4 &

4 !

( 4 4 9

) & 2 C ) & 2 & 9 D C

! G 4 4 & & 4

C E C ( 5

& ) " # $ $ 2 5 & 4 5 C 0

& 5 & & C (

4 & ( " # $ #

Consecinele Revoluiei din Decembrie 1989 n planul poziiei geostrategice aRomniei

% 4 & ( " # $ # C 5 4 C

C 4 ) " # # " 2 C 0 4

C 0 5

( 4 C 0 5 (

3

9 C 9 D 5

) A " # # 6 2 4 & !

B ) " # # 7 2 C 5

0 D 9 " # # #

& 9 9 0 4

& 0

% 5 9 ) A " 0 A A ( A @ @ A 2

C

C

9 4 ( G 4 9

G & & 4 A # A @ @ 6 ) 9

B

4 C

4 2 ( G & 0

G % 9

& ! B " A @ @ 8

ntrebri de autoevaluare :

1. La nceputul secolului XX Romnia era

2 & C 9


30/70

( 2 & C 9

2 C 9

2 ( ( 9 D 5

2. n ajunul primului rzboi mondial, n cadrul Imperiului austro-ungar,

ncorporate Ungariei, se aflau:

2 4 E C C C

( 2

4

4

E C C C

2 C 4

2 E C C C 4

3. Obiectivul fundamental al naiunii romne n primul deceniu al secolului XX

l reprezenta:

2 & E

( 2 9 & G

2 &

2 D ( 9 C

(

4. n 1900 Bucovina se afla n compunerea:

2 F &

( 2 F 0 9

2 F

2

5. n 1913 Romnia fcea parte din aliana: 2 E

( 2

3

& 9

2

3

& 9

2 &


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6. Protocolul ncheiat ntre Nicolae Titulescu i M.M.Litvinov, la 21 iulie 1936, laMontreaux, a prevzut:

2 5 !

C & C (

( 2 D & C

!

2 C ( & 9 9 &

&

2 5 4 " # " 8

7. Participarea Romniei la primul rzboi mondial a avut un caracter: 2 ( & C

( 2 & ! 9

2 & &

2 4 9 & '

8. La scurt timp dup angajarea n primul rzboi mondial, Romnia s-a maiaflat n conflict cu:

2 F C

( 2 C 9

2

( 9 C ! 9

2 F

9. Dup nfrngerile militare nregistrate n 1916, Romnia: 2 5 (

( 2 ( 9

2 4

2

10. Tratatul de pace de la Bucureti din 24 aprilie/3 martie 1918 a prevzut: 2 % ( 9 C & E & (

( 2 & 5

2

2 4 F


32/70

CAPITOLUL II. CARACTERISTICI ALE VIEII POLITICE

ROMNETI

Forme de guvernmnt. Exercitarea puterilor n stat. Regimuri i partide

politice democraticeB ' ' 4 & 0 C

forme de guvernmnt0 D ) & 2

( ) 2 0 C

regimuri politice0 0

0 & C

3

4 9 4 &

C 0

C

4

Constituiei

" $

( ( 9 0 4 B 0

C & 0 " # " 8

A # " # A 1 C D '

4 D C & 0

3

9 C

C ( & & C (

3

' 9

&

puterea legislativ ' 9 C

& 5 & 9 0 & E % &

9 0 C 4 5 & & & D C

( ( 4 C

C

4 (

& & 4

Puterea executiv ' 9 4 9

0 C 4

& 4 D

"capul puterii armate"C

G & H 5 ( 9

' 9 0 & C ( 0 D

C & & 0 4 9 C ' 0 9 %

4 0 " # 1 $

4 4 &

3

D &

regii ( ( &

) 5 ( & 5 (


33/70

C ( 4 4 2

C 0 E F ) 4 &

" @ H A A " $ 9 " 6 H A " $ $ " 2 0 4 C 9

( & 9 9 & C

& D 0 & &

' 4 H 9 9 4 9 0

( C 0 5 &

"arbitru"

C 4 4 4

E & 5 4 C 5 & C

C 0 ' C

3

" # " 6 C 5 ( C 0 C

4 4 C 9 9 &

E 5 &

4 0 9 & C 5 E

E A @ H 1 9 " # " 6 4 &

3

viaa politic &

( ) & A 6 " $ 8 7 2 5 ( 9 D 5 C

E 4 ) 1 ( " $ $ @ 2 4

0 9 4

"rotativei guvernamentale" 5 ( (

" # @ " 0 " # @ 6

" # @ 8 0 " # @ # C " # " 6

4 " $ # # 0 " # @ "

" # @ 6 0 " # @ 8

" # @ # 0 " # " 6

( 9 5 C 0 C

( F F E 0 D

& C 9 H 5 & ) C C 2

Partidul NaionalLiberal

0 & C & 5 4 &

"mijloace proprii"

9

& C & 4 4 4

9 C C

E 4 5 )

"junimiti", "takiti", "conservatori puri" 2

Partidul Conservator ( 4 ( 9 ' & C


34/70

C ' & C ( 9 & ) E G '

9 D C 2 5 & 9 4

C ' 4 &

"conservatorii puri")

"junimitii" 4

& ( 2 4 D C &

5 4 C (

3

politica extern & (

& E ( 4

E C C C 4 &

& ( &

3

0

5 ( ( ) " # " 1 2 & ( C 0 &

G C 5 ( ) " # " 6 2

" # "

3

& 4 & 0

% ) " # " @ F 9 2 E 4 0 % ) " # @ $ F 2

!

) " # @ 8

%

H " # " @

0 %

H " $ # 1 0 " $ # # 2 C C 9 ( 0 5 &

& 9 4 C & ( 4

& 4 C & &

4 4 & C

( & C & C 5 & 5

C & ( C 0 9 5 C

4 C & 4 ) " $ $ " 2

& 4 ) " $ $ A 2 C 4 9 5

9 ( & C

9 ( & 9 &

" # " 1 5 E 4 4 ( & &

C

% 4 & 9 E F ) A 8 ( H " @ ( " # " 6 2

4 4 C


35/70

& " # H " " # $ # 2 E

C D C 9 9

5 & 0 ) " # " $ 2 4 C

( &

3

5 ( C 9 C

& & &

C & 0 ) " # " 6 2

( &

romania in istoria secolului xx

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