meditatii engl

7/29/2019 meditatii engl

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1. Fill the gaps in the text below with words formed from the words in capitals. There

an example at the beginning: (10x5= 50 points)

Robin Hood has always been a 0) popular hero, and the earliest tales about him were in balla

1)...................

They especially caught the 2) ..................... of ordinary folk, for they told 3)......................stories

the 4)................... robber and his great generosity towards people in need of his help. Such storie

were the everyday literature of simple people, most of whom could neither read n

5)...............................

1) FORMATION

2) IMAGINE

3) SIMPLY

4) FAME

5) WRITING

II. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate relative pronouns (who, which, that):

1. You probably know her. She’s the woman…….wears strange clothes.2. There’s somebody……..wants to talk to you.3. I am fond of the book……..I lent yesterday.4. Do you know the man……..sells daisies?5. Bring me the notebook……..on the shelf.6. Mary, ……has been in Great Britain recently, wants to send you something nice.7. The green car……..is for sale, belongs to my cousin.8. Did you meet the girl…….gave you that book?9. The thief said that he didn’t steal that bag,..…….was not true.10. I want to buy me the black dress…….is very trendy.

III. Fill in the questions below using what or which:

1. ……. of the books do you like better?2. …….. happened?3. ……….did you do that for?4. ……….is taller, Bill or Jack?5. ……….of you wish to go with us?6. ……….is he? He’s a doctor.7. ………is the weather like this morning?8. ……….one will you take? The blue or the red one?

IV. Put the verbs in brackets in the proper tense:



a) What Mary (do) now? She (read) the Times.

b) They (go) to Spain last summer .

c) I ( just/do) my homework.

d) We arrived after they (leave).

e) While my grandparents (work) in the garden, the phone rang.

f) Jane (go) to school every day by bus.

g) I (teach) German for twenty years. I still do it now.

h) She (travel) to Dublin next year .

i) How long had you been learning English when you moved to our school? I (learn) English since I was a child.

V. Write down the composed nouns correspondent to the following definitions:

1. A man who drives a bus is a ………………….2. A brush for the teeth is a ……………………..3. A cup designed to contain tea is a…………….4. Someone who watches birds is a …………….5. A pool for swimming is a ……………………….6. The place where the market is held is the………………7. Someone who loves animals is an…………………..8. A pot used for making coffee is a ………………….

9. A bottle which contains milk, is a……………………10. The board where the teacher writes is called a…………….

2. Read the text below and look carefully at each line. If a line is correct put a tick( ) b

it. If it has a word which should not be there, write the word at the end of the line.

( 5x5=25 points)

Students of folklore in university courses try to trace these story to their sources, stories

but that is usually apossible. What they find is that the stories are anonymous.....................

and told all over the world. Many go back hundreds of year, even though the ......................

details have been updated to make them more realistic. They usual sound ..........................

as if the incidents could have happened just lastly week in the storyteller`s own ..............

neighbourhill



.



DISCRIPTION OF CONSONANTS



Consonants Place

/p/ Bilabial

/b/ Bilabial

/t/ Tip-alveolar

/d/ Tip-alveolar

/k/ Back-velar

/g/ Back-velar

/ / Blade/front –palato-alveolar


/m/ Bilabial

/n/ Tip-alveolar

/ / Back-velar

/f/ Labio-dental

/v/ Labio-dental

/ / Tip-dental

/ / Tip-dental

/s/ Blade-alveolar

/z/ Blade-alveolar



/h/ Glottal

/l/ Tip-alveolar

/r/ Blade-postalveolar

/w/ Bilabial back-velar

/j/ Front-palatal



FIX PROBLEM ENGLISH

SOUND

WORD COMMON

ERROR

WORD

Voiceless. Friction. Front of

tongue to palate

/ʃ/ "sherry" /ʧ/ "cherry"

Keep tongue front & low and

jaws apart.

/æ/ "ran" /ʌ/ "run"

Tongue low, back & fixed.

Jaws together.

/ɔ:/ "bought" /əʊ/ "boat"

Back of tongue high. Lips

rounded but relaxed. Short.

/ʊ/ "full" /u:/ "fool"

Fix tongue in central position.

Long.

/ :/ɜ "bird"

Tongue central. Then tightly

round lips.

/ /əʊ "note" / /ɑ "not"

Voiced. Vibration. Trap air

with lips.

/b/ "bet" /v/ "vet"

Voiced. Friction with top

teeth & bottom lip.

/v/ "vet" /b/ "bet"

Voiced. Friction. Tongue

between lips.

/ð/ "clothe" /θ/ "cloth"

Tip of tongue behind top

teeth.

/d/ "laid" /ð/ "lathe"

Voiceless: tip of tongue

behind top teeth. Friction.

/s/ "mass" / /ʃ "mash"

Relax the mouth and keep

sound short.

/ /ɪ "sit" /i:/ "seat"

Voiceless. Friction. Front of

tongue to palate.

/ /ʃ "push" /s/ "puss"

Quickly push air from throat

out of mouth.

/h/ "hot" "ch" in "loch"

Voiced: Tip to alveolar. Front

to palate.

/d /ʒ "wage"

Voiced: Tip to alveolar. Front

to palate.

/d /ʒ "Jerry" / /ʃ "sherry"

Voiceless stop: back of

tongue to back roof.

/k/ "could" /w/ "would"

Voiceless stop: back of

tongue to back roof.

/k/ "come" /g/ "gum"

Voiced stop: back of tongue

to back roof.

/ / + /g/ŋ "thing" /ŋ/ + /k/ "think"

Tongue touches alveolar

ridge. Nasal.

/n/ "sun"

Back of tongue to back roof.

Nasal.

/ / + /k/ŋ "think" /ŋ/ + /g/ /ŋ/ + /g/

British "r" is

weaker &

usually silent

unless followed

by a vowel.

Silent "survivor" /r / "Sir Ivor"

Glide /j/(i:) the

tongue quickly

to next sound

/ j/ "yam" /d / "jam"

Start with lips

tightly rounded.

Unround &

glide.

/w/ "win"

"(g)win"

Start with lips

tightly rounded.

Unround &

glide.

/w/ "will" /b/ "bill"

Voiceless: tip of

tongue behind top teeth.

Friction.

/s/ "rice" /z/ "rise"



Analysis of ‘a’. It has the following sounds: eɪ, ə, ɔ:, ɑ:, æ, ɪ.

Examples:

table attack talk tart tackle cottage luggage

/’te blɪ / /ə’tæk/ /tɔ:k/ /tɑ:t/ /’tækl/ /’k tɒ ɪd / / gʌ ɪd /

Analysis of ‘e’. It has the following sounds: e, ɪ, ə, ɜ:.

Examples:

pencil example photographer pert

/’pensl/ / g’zɪ ɑ:mpl/ /fə’t grɒ əfə/ /pɜ:t/

It is also unvoiced.

Examples:

table

/’te blɪ /

Analysis of ‘i’. It has the following sounds: ɑi, ɪ, ɜ:, ə, i:.

time tin girl missile even

/tɑim/ /t nɪ / /gɜ:l/ /’m sɪ əl/ /i:vn/

Analysis of ‘o’. It has the following sounds: ɒ, əʊ, ə, ʌ, ɔ:. Americans instead of using ɒ, they use a kind of ‘

and instead of using əʊ, they use o .ʊ

Examples:

lot low photograph Monday condor

/l tɒ / /ləʊ/ /’f əʊtəgr ɑ:f / /’m ndʌ eɪ/ /k ndɒ ɔ:/

/l tɑ / /loʊ/ /’foʊtəgr ɑ:f / American pronunciation.

Analysis of ‘u’. It has the following sounds: ʌ, ju:, ɜ:, ə.

Examples:

culture unit turn condominium

/’k lʌ ʧə/ /’ju:n tɪ / /tɜ:n/ /,k ndɒ ə’m nɪ ɪəm/



MINIMAL PAIRS

The Chaos

Dearest creature in creation,

Study English pronunciation.

I will teach you in my verse

Sounds like corpse, corps, horse, and worse.

I will keep you, Suzy, busy,

Make your head with heat grow dizzy.

Tear in eye, your dress will tear.

So shall I! Oh hear my prayer.

Just compare heart, beard, and heard,

Dies and diet, lord and word,

Sword and sward, retain and Britain.

(Mind the latter, how it's written.)

Now I surely will not plague youWith such words as plaque and ague.

But be careful how you speak:

Say break and steak, but bleak and streak;

Cloven, oven, how and low,

Script, receipt, show, poem, and toe.

Billet does not rhyme with ballet,

Bouquet, wallet, mallet, chalet.

Blood and flood are not like food,

Nor is mould like should and would.

Viscous, viscount, load and broad,

Toward, to forward, to reward.

And your pronunciation's OK

When you correctly say croquet,

Rounded, wounded, grieve and sieve,

Friend and fiend, alive and live.

Ivy, privy, famous; clamour

And enamour rhyme with hammer.

River, rival, tomb, bomb, comb,

Doll and roll and some and home.

i: ɪ

beet bit

kneel nilseat sit

beat bit

ʊ u:

took root

soot Suitlook Luke

cook boot

:ɑ ɒ :ɔ

cart hot door

card not roar dart lot soar

lard John cord

i: ɪ e Æ

teen Tin ten tan

keen Kin ken can

peak pick peck pack

sear Sit set sat



Stranger does not rhyme with anger,

Neither does devour with clangour.

Souls but foul, haunt but aunt,

Font, front, wont, want, grand, and grant,

Shoes, goes, does. Now first say finger,

And then singer, ginger, linger,

Real, zeal, mauve, gauze, gouge and gauge,

Marriage, foliage, mirage, and age.

Finally, which rhymes with enough -

Though, through, plough, or dough, or cough?

Hiccough has the sound of cup.

My advice is to give up!

I. A. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense:

I (1)….(learn) English for seven years now. But last year I (2)……(not / work) hard enough f

English, that's why my marks (3)……(not / be) really that good then. As I want to pass my Englis

exam successfully next year, I (4)……..(study) harder this term. During my last summer holidaymy parents (5)…..(send) me on a language course to London. It (6)……(be) great and I (7)………

(think) I (8)……(learn) a lot. Before I (9)……….(go) to London, I (10)……….(not / enjoy) learnin

English. But while I (11)………..(do) the language course, I (12)……..(meet) lots of young people fro

all over the world. There I (13)………(notice) how important it (14)……..(be) to speak foreig

languages nowadays. Now I (15)……….(have) much more fun learning English than I (16)…………

(have) before the course. At the moment I (17)………….(revise) English grammar. And I (18)…………

(begin / already) to read the texts in my English textbooks again. I (19)………… (think) I (2

………….. (do) one unit every week.

B. For questions 1-15, read the text below and think of the word which best fi

each space. Use only one word in each space.

How do we see in 3D?

When we look across a field, how (0) ____do_____we know that one distant object is bigger tha

another (1) _______that one object is behind another, not in (2) _______of it? In (3) ________words, ho

do we see things in three dimensions, in proper relation to (4) ________other, instead of seein

everything ‘flat’? The answer is that (5) _________we see things, we see them not (6) ________wit

our eyes but with (7) _________minds as well: we see things (8) _________the light of experience. Ou

minds and memories help (9) _________to interpret what we see. For instance, experience gives u

an idea about the size (10) _________things. A man (11) _______ a boat some distance from the sho

looks much smaller (12) _______a man on the beach. But you don’t think (13) ________one is a velarge man and the (14) _________a very small man. What you say to yourself is that one man

nearby and the other is (15) _________away.

C. Complete each sentence with a word formed from the word in capitals.

a) The new leisure centre doesn't quite come up to my …………… EXPECT

b) There was a bare ...............of people at the youth club. HAND

c) Helen's solo crossing of the Pacific was a . . feat. REMARK

d) We .................... go to the pub before lunch on Sunday. VARYe) Is it possible to ................ between a hobby and an

interest? DISTINCT



D. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence

using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and fiv

words, including the word given.

1. What a pity we didn’t see the match.wish

I ………………………………………………………the match.

2. The police inspector said I had killed Mrs. White.

of

The police inspector …………………………………killing Mrs. White.

3. We won’t go out if the weather is bad.won’t

We ……………………………………………………the weather is good.

4. I think we should go home.

went

It’s……………………………………………………….home.

5. Excuse me, is somebody serving you, sir?

being

Excuse me,………………………………………………., sir?

6. This is my first visit to China.

time

This is the first……………………………………………to China.

7. Steve started learning the violin a month ago.

learning

Steve……………………………………………………the violin for a month.

8. I’m sure that Karen was a beautiful baby.

been

Karen……………………………………………………a beautiful baby.

9. Everyone enjoyed the film apart from Muriel.

only

Muriel …………………….. didn`t enjoy the film.

10. You can borrow my bicycle but you must bring it back before 5 pm.

long



You can borrow my bicycle……………………….it back before 5pm.

meditatii engl

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