fabricarea si analiza sodei caustice

7/29/2019 Fabricarea si Analiza Sodei Caustice

1/22

Ckdroikrmk so kfklozk sahmo ikustoim

" FkAB /


2/22

Iuprofs

Ikp& ; @mfmrklotkto

;&; Mvalutok praimhmmlar hm adtofmrm k prahusmlar sahoim&

;&;&; Tmkitoolm ibogoim ikrm stku lk dkzk praimsuluo hm adtofmrm k sahmo ikustoim

;&;&4 Gktmroo progm

;&;&9 ^rapromtkto cozoia'ibogoim pmftru sahk ikustoik

Ikp& 4

4&; ^raimsul tmbfala`oi&^raimhmul hm ckdroikrm k sahmo ikustoim prof

ikustocoikrm

4&;&; Yibmgk hm profiopou k praimsuluo tmbfala`oi4&;&4 Ckzmlm profiopklm hm ckdroikrm k sahmo ikustoim

4&;&4&; ^rmpkrkrmk salutomo sm sahk sku hmikrdafktkrmk

4&;&4&4 Ikustocoikrmk

4&;&4&9 Hmikftkrmk lmsomo

4&;&4&8 Mvkparkrmk lmsomo

4&4 ]tolkjm,mxplaktkrmk so oftrmtofmkrmk utolkjmlar

Ikp& 9 Kfklozk sahmo ikustoim&Hmtmrgofkrmk iaftofutuluo praimftulkl hm FkAB so

FkIl hof sahk ikustoik&9&;& Yiapul luirkroo&

9&4& Kpkrkturk so rmkitovo&

9&9& Hmscksurkrmk luirkroo

9&8& Tmzultktm adtofutm&

Ikp& 8

8&;& Fargm hm YO so G&

8&4& ]tolozkrolm sahmo ikustoim&

8&9& Dodloa`rkcom&


3/22

Ikp ; @MFMTKLOXKXO

;&;Mvalutok praimhmmlar hm adtofmrm k prahusmlar sahoim&

Of tkrk fakstrk hktarotk rmzmrvmlar prkitoim ofmpuozkdolm hm skrm so iklikr hm iklotktm

supmroakrk,s'k hmzvaltkt a putmrfoik ofhustrom k prahusmlar sahoim so ilarasahoim&

^rahuitok hm sahk ikliofktk mstm laiklozktk of hauk gkro ufotkto ofhustroklm:Aifk

Gurms so @avark&

^rahuitok hm ilar iuprofhm ufotkto gkro lk Xurhk,Darzmsto,Tkgfoiu'Sklimk so Drkolk&

Bohraxohul hm sahoug sm adtofm prof gko gultm praimhmm:

'praimhmul vkr'sahk ,iufasiu sud fugmlm hm praimhmul ikustocoikroo ikrdafktuluo hm sahou

'adtofmrmk bohraxohuluo hm sahou hof salutoolm rmzultktm lk mlmitralozk salutoolar kpaksm hm

ilarurk hm sahou of imlulm iu iktah hm gmriur&Kstcml,hof vmibogm sm iufasi zkikgoftm hm sahk of F'M Ibofmo,of Krkdok,of Ofhok,of

Yodmrok so of ufmlm laiuro ikrm iaftof sahk ik:laiul Saho Fktrug hof M`opt,laiul Ga`kho

hof Kcroik so kltmlm&

Yahk adtofutk hof kimstm rmsursm fkturklm sku prof krhmrmk plkftmlar iaftofmk cakrtm

gultm ogpurotkto so kvmk iaftofut rmhus hm ikrdafkt hm sahou "pkfk lk iorik 8>- Fk4IA9

of imfusk/

Hktarotk pazotomo `ma`rkcoim k kimstar zkikgoftm sahk sm mxtrk`mk iu `rmu so sm

trkfspart iu gkro hocoiultkto&Hof kimstm ikuzm sahk adtofutk of kimst cml mrk hm iklotktm

ofcmroakrk so gko klms cakrtm siugpk&

;&;&; Tmkitoolm ibogoim ikrm stku lk dkzk praimsuluo hm adtofmrm k sahmo

ikustoim

Tmkitok ikrm krm lai of togpul praimsuluo hm ikustocoikrm mstm urgktakrmk:

Fk4IA9%IkA%B4A74FkAB%IkIA9

Yahk ikustoik sm gko putmk adtofm hof sahk ikliofktk so prof praimhmul iu cmrot hm

sahou&

Of kimst siap sm tapmstm ikrdafktul hm sahou Fk4IA9 ogprmufk iu axohul hm comr

Cm4IA9 so sm adtofm cmrotul Fk4A Cm4A9Fk4IA9% Cm4A97 Fk4A% Cm4A9%IA4

^rof hmsiagpufmrm cmrotuluo hm sahou iu kpk sm adtofm a salutom holuktk hm sahk

ikustoik fugotk lmsom&

Fk4A Cm4A9%8B4A74 FkAB%4Cm"AB/9Lmsok ikustoik sm hmikftmkzk so kpao sm iafimftrmkzk&

Bohraxohul cmroi Cm"AB/9 sm hmsbohrktmkzk adtofkfhu'sm axohul hm comr Cm4A9 ikrm

sm rmoftrahuim of ioriuot :

4Cm"AB/97 Cm4A9%9 B4A

]f praimhmu hm adtofmrm k sahmo ikustoim ikrm s'k hmzvaltkt gult of ultogul togpmstm praimhmul mlmitraibogoi iu ikrm sm adtofm sahk ikustoik hm gkrm purotktm so ilar&

Hktarotk purotktoo mo sahk ikustoik mlmitralotoik iu ikrm sm adtofm sahk ikustoik

mlmitralotoik k logotkt hmzvaltkrmk praimhmuluo hm ikustocoikrm&


4/22

Xatuso ,of rkgurolm ofhustroklm ufhm sm imrm a iklotktm prmk purk,hm mxmgplu of

ofhustrom pmtraluluo,k skpufuluo,k imlulazmo,sm oftrmduoftmkzk sahk ikustoik adtofutk

prof ikustocoikrm&

A hktk iu hmzvaltkrmk ofhustromo sahmo ikliofktk,s'k hmzvaltkt so ckdroikrmk ufar

prahusm ibogoim lk ikrm sm utolozmkzk sahk ik gktmrom progk&Kstcml ,hm prahusm sahoim,ik soloiktul suft oftrmduoftktm of hocmrotm siapuro of

ofhustrom so ku iaftroduot lk hmzvaltkrmk prahuitomo hm sahk ikliofktk&

;&;&4 Gktmroo progm

Gktmroolm progm calasotm of ofhustrok sahmo so k ilaruluo suft ilarurk hm sahou

so iklikrul&Ilarurk hm sahoug iafstotuom sursk hm sahoug,okr ikrdafktul hm ikliou,sursk

hm hoaxoh hm ikrdaf&

Ilarurk hm sahou mstm rkspkfhotk of fkturk sud cargk hm zkikgkft"skrm `mgk/kpkrtofkfh tuturar cargktoolar `mala`oim so sud cargk hm salutoo "skrkgurk/&

Ilarurk hm sahou sm irostklozmkzk of iuduro so ufmaro of iuduro iu cmtm aitamhroim

sku hahmikmhroim&FkIl krm hmfsotktmk hm 4;>>'49>> E`!g so pufitukl hm taporm

2>;I&Ilarurk irostklmlar purm vkrokzk hm lk ofialar lk kld&Ykrmk `mgk mstm khmsmk

ialarktk of kldkstru ,hkr oso pomrhm iulakrmk prof ofiklzorm lk 4=>I&

Ym iufasi hauk gmtahm hm adtofmrm k ilaruroo hm sahou:mxtrk`mrmk skro `mgm of

mxplaktkro gofomrm so mxtrk`mrmk prof safhm&Mxplaktkrmk skro `mgm of gofm iafstk

gksovmlm sudtmrkfm&

Yklofk mstm ogpkrtotk of gko gultm fovmlm hm mxplaktkrm of cufitom hm cargk

strktuluo hm skrm sm hostof` sklofm iu ikgmrm,sklofm iu polomro sku kdatkjm&

Gmtahk hm mxplaktkrm k skro prof safhm s'k mxtofs hmstul hm rmpmhm ik urgkrm k

kvkftkjmlar hm ikrm hospufm cktk hm mxplaktkrmk gofomrk&

Ym calasmsi hocmrotm gmtahm hm oftrahuimrm k kpmo of puturo,pmftru hozalvkrmk skro

so pmftru siaktmrmk skrkguroo&

^mrcmitoafkro ultmroakrm ku ogdufktktot gatahk hm mxtrk`mrm prof oftrahuimrmk hm

kmr ahktk iu kpk&Kmrul cargmkzk a pmrfk of pkrtmk supmroakrk k strktuluo immk im huim

lk pratmjkrmk daltoo so lk adtofmrmk ufmo ikvotkto iu hokgmtru gkrm pm arozaftklk&

^ratmitok daltoo sm paktm rmklozm so iu kjutarul prahusmlar pmtralomrm oftrahuim

proftr'uf kl trmolmk tud iafimftroi&Ykrmk iaftofutk hm kpmlm gkrolar iafstotuom a kltk sursk hm adtofmrm k ilaruroo hm

sahou&

^radlmgk ofhmpkrtkroo ogpurotktolar k ckiut ik skrmk gkrofk sk fu com of praimsmlm

mlmitralotoim&


5/22

;&;&9 ^rapromtkto cozoia'ibogoim pmftru sahk ikustoik

Bohraxohul hm sahoug sku sahk ikustoik mstm a sudstkftk salohk,iu a struiturk

irostklofk'codraksk so hm iulakrm kldk,apkik,ufmaro iu fukftm slkdm imfusoo'vmrzo sku

raz'`klduo&Yahk ikustoik mstm cakrtm bohrasiapoik so hm kimmk mstm fmimskr sk com cmrotk hm

ugmzmklk,pkstrkfhu'sm of vksm dofm ofibosm&Of kpk so of kliaal,sahk ikustoik sm hozalvk

iu hm`kjkrm hm iklhurk&

Doaxohul hm ikrdaf hof kmr mstm kdsardot hm sahk ikustoik pm ikrm a ikrdafktmkzk

trkfscargkfh'a of ikrdafkt hm sahou:

4FkAB%IA47Fk4IA9%B4A

Bohraxohul hm sahou mstm cakrtm iarasov ktkikfh gkjarotktmk gmtmroklmlar iu ikrm

vofm of iaftkit&

Of stkrm tapotk iarahmkzk putmrfoi partmlkful so stoilk,okr of prmzmftk kmruluo ktkikibokr so plktofk&

Kitoufoo iarazovm k sahmo ikustoim oo rmzostk fugko kr`oftul ,foibmlul iug so

atmlurolm so caftmlm spmioklm iu khoas hm foibml&

Gksk galmiulkrk k bohraxohuluo hm sahou mstm 8>,>>= so `rmutktmk spmiocoik lk

4>I mstm hm 4,;9 `c!ig&Ym tapmstm lk 9;2I so comrdm lk ;,9?>I&


6/22

Ikp&4 4&;&^raimsul tmbfala`oi&^raimsul hm ckdroikrm k sahmo ikustoimprof ikustocoikrm&

4&;&; Yibmgk hm profiopou k praimsuluo tmbfala`oi

IA4 IA4IkA

iagprmsakrm

Ikustocoiktar

ratktov

Ikustocoiktar

hmikftar

prmofiklzotar mvkparktar mvkparktarIklhkrotapotm

hmtmftar

hmiahar

FkAB B4A

FkAB

?0,=-

Coltru ratktovkgmstmiktar

FkBIA9 B4A

Hmdoikrdafktar

B4AFk4IA9

Iais

Ypklktar hmfkgal

Iklikr

Iuptar hm vkr


7/22

4&;&4 Ckzmlm profiopklm hm ckdroikrm k sahmo ikustoim

Adtofmrmk sahmo ikustoim hof sahk ikliofktk mstm hmstul hm gult calasotk of

ofhustrom&

Of prmzmft,ikftotkto ogpartkftm hm sahk ikustoik sm adtof prof kimkstk gmtahk&Hm adoimo pm lkf`k comikrm ckdroik hm sahk ikliofktk mxostk so a smitom hm sahk

ikustoik&Lk fao of tkrk sm ckdroik sahk ikustoik prof ikustocoikrm lk uzofmlm ikrm prahui

sahk ikustoik&

Lk fao of tkrk sm ckdroik sahk ikustoik prof ikustocoikrm lk uzofmlm ikrm prahui

sahk ikliofktk&Ckzmlm profiopklm hm ckdroiktom k sahmo ikustoim prof ikustocoikrm

rmprmzmftktm sibmgktoi of co`urk hm gko sus suft:

k/ ^rmpkrkrmk salutomo hm sahk sku hmdoikrdafktkrmk 5

d/ Ikustocoikrmk 5

i/ Hmikftkrmk lmsomo 5h/ Mvkparkrmk lmsomo &

4&;&4&; k/ ^rmpkrkrmk salutomo hm sahk sku hmdoikrdafktkrmk

Of prmzmft ,pmftru ckdroikrmk sahmo ikustoim prof ikustocoikrm fu sm utolozmkzk sahk

ikliofktk,io doikrdafktul hm sahou adtofut ik prahus oftmrgmhokr of praimsul hm ckdroikrm

k sahmo kgafokiktm&Hupk coltrkrm doikrdafktul hm sahou sm spklk iu kpk iklhk pmftru

ofhmpkrtkrmk ikt gko iagplmtk k ilaruroo hm sahou,sm trmim kpao oftr'uf hozalvktar ufhm

mstm kgmstmikt iu kpk ofiklzotk lk 2> I cargkfh lkptmlm hm doikrdafkt&

Lkptmlm hm doikrdafktm mstm trmiut of ialakfk hm hmdoikrdafktkrm ufhm vmfofh of

iaftkit iu kdurul krm lai cargkrmk ikrdafktuluo hm sahou:

kdur

4FkIA9 Fk4IA9 % B4A % IA4

4&;&4&4 d/ Ikustocoikrmk

Hof lmsok adtofutk lk hmdoikrdafktkrm sm prmpkrk a salutom ikrm iaftofm iorik

4;4`!;Fk4IA9&Kimkstk salutom,fugotk of ofhustrok sahmo salutom fargklk,sm prmpkrk

kgmstmikfh lmsok sahoik hof hmdoikrdafktar iu lmsok rmturfktk hof smitok mvkparkrm'taporm

k sahmo ikustoim&

Kimkstk lmsom rmturfktk iaftofm lmsoolm'hmsmu hm lk mvkparkrmk sm tapormk sahmo

ikustoim,hm mxmgplu : lmsok rmzultktk lk spklkrmk fkgalurolar hm lk hmikftkrm,lmsok hm lk

hozalvkrmk rmzohuurolar hof ilkhorolm hm taporm,mti

^rof kgmstmikrmk lmsomo sahoim hof hmdoikrdafktar iu lmsok rmturfktk krm lai a

rmkitom oftrm doikrdafktul hm sahou so bohraxohul hm sahou:

FkBIA9 % FkAB 7 Fk4IA9 % B4A iu cargkrm hm ikrdafkt hm sahou&


8/22

Kgmstmikfh lmsok fargklk iu vkr krm lai rmkitok hm ikustocoikrm:

IkA % B4A 7 Ik"AB/4

Fk4IA9 % Ik"AB/4 7 4FkAB % IkIA9

4&;&4&9 i/ Hmikftkrmk lmsomo

Lmsok ikustocoiktk ofilkzotk lk ?> I sm oftrahuim oftr'uf vks hmikftar&Of kimstm

iafhotoo,ikrdafktul hm ikliou,rmzultkt of urgk rmkitomo hm ikustocoikrm,irostklozmkzk so sm

hmpufm lk cufhul hmikftaruluo sud cargk hm fkgal&Kimst fkgal hm ikrdafkt hm ikliou sm

spklk iu kpk,pmftru k sm rmiupmrk sahk ikustoik&

Lmsok rmzultktk sm trogotm kpao lk prmpkrkrmk salutomo fargklm hm doikrdafkt hm

sahou "lmsok rmzohuklk/&

Ikrdafktul hm ikliou ikrm sm smpkrk prof coltrkrm paktm co utolozkt of k`roiulturkpmftru fmutrklozkrmk salurolar kiohm sku of kltm siapuro&

4&;&4&8 h/Mvkparkrmk lmsomo

Lmsok ilkrk hm sahk ikustoik rmzultktk lk hmikftkrm sm iafimftrmkzk prof

mvkparktakrm,prof ofiklzorm iu kdur&Mvkparkrmk sm iaftofuk pkfk ikfh lmsok kjuf`m lk a

iafimftrktom hm iorik ;9>>`!;FkAB&

Lmsok vkziaksk adtofutk mstm iafimftrktk gko hmpkrtm so tapotk of iklhkro hm

caftk ofiklzotm iu cai hormit,pkfk sm adtofm sahk ikustoik tapotk&

^rof rkiorm sm adtofm sahk ikustoik salohk&


9/22

4&4 ]tolkjmlm,mxplaktkrmk so

oftrmtofmrmk ofstklktomo&

]tolkjm pmftru smhogmftkrm

Ilksocoikrmk `mfmrklk k hmikftakrmlar so sibmgmlm hm profiopou klm kimstark suft

ofhoiktm of co`urk hm gko jas:

'of hmikftakrmlm iu cufitoafkrm hosiaftofuk,mvkiukrmk imlar hauk ckzm sm ckim

hupk ofibmomrmk praimsuluo hm smhogmftkrm "immk im ogploik fmimsotktmk iufakstmroo

hurktmo hm smhogmftkrm/&

'of hmikftakrmlm iu cufitoafkrm iaftofuk,suspmfsok supusk smpkrkroo sm

klogmftmkzk of zafk imftrklk supmroakrk k kpkrktuluo,kpao trkvmrsmkzk kpkrktul hm lk

imftru sprm pmrocmrom of togp im `rkfulmlm suspmfsomo sm hmpuf pm cufhulkpkrktuluo&^raimsul sm hmscksakrk iaftofuu&

'of hmikftarul iafoi,klogmftkrmk iu suspmfsom sm ckim prof pklfok 4 prmvkzutk iu

plutotarul 9 pmftru lofostormk suspmfsomo&Hmikftktul mstm ialmitkt pm ro`alk 8 so hmvmrsmkzk

prof rkiarhurolm 3 plksktm lk pmrocmrok iarpuluo&Ymhogmftul mstm mvkiukt prof socaful

dksiulkft = prof ofilofkrmk iarmspufzktakrm k socafuluo,hof kpkrkt sm mxtrk`m uf

smhogmft hm ugohotktm vkrokdolk&

'of hmikftarul iu drktm,prof ratormk imlar hauk sku pktru drktm prmvkzutm iu

rkilmtm "coofh coxktm pm krdarmkl 9 iu turktom hm >,;= >,9= rat!gof/sm horojmkzk

smhogmftul iktrm rkiarhul hm mvkiukrm&Mvkiukrmk sm ckim iu a pagpk iugmgdrkfm&Hmikftktul mstm ialmitkt pm ro`lk 4 so mvkiuktm prof rkiarhurolm 3&


10/22

MSK^ATKXAT I] X]D IMFXTKL HM IOTI]LKXOM:


11/22

;'tmvo comrdktakrm54'plkio tudulkrm59'tud imftrkl hm ioriulktom58'gkftk5='oftrkrm k`mft tmrgoi53'omsorm

iafhmfskt50'kmrosorm pmftru mvkiukrmk `kzmlar fmiafhmfskdolm52'oftrkrm salutom holuktk5?'omsorm salutom

iafimftrktk5;>'omsorm vkparo smiufhkro5;;'vozakrm5;4'smpkrktar poikturo&

s

Xopuro profiopklm hm hmikftakrm'ilksocoikrm,sibmgmlm hm profiopou

k/Hmikftar iafoi : ;'iarp,

4'pklfom hm klogmftkrm k suspmfsomo,9'plutotar pmftru lofostormk iurmftuluo hm suspmfsom,

8'ro`alk pmftru ialmitkrmk hmikftktuluo,

='socaf dksiulkft,

3'rkiarhuro omsorm hmikftkt&

d/Hmikftar iu drktm: ;'iarp,

4'ro`alk ioriulkrk,9'krdarm,

8'drktm iu rkilmtm,

='rmzmrvar hm hostrodutom k suspmfsomo,

3'rkiarhuro mvkiukrm hmikftkt,

0'rkiarh mvkiukrm smhogmft,

2'klogmftkrm suspmfsom&

i/Hmikftar iu cufitoafkrm pmroahoik:

;'iarp,

4'tmkvk dksiulkftk,

9'krtoiulktom,

8'siropmtm,

='klogmftkrm suspmfsom,

3'mvkiukrm hmikftkt,

0'mvkiukrm smhogmft&


12/22

Mxplaktkrmk so oftrmtofmrmk utolkjmlar pmftru smhogmftkrm

Kspmitmlm profiopklm hm mxplaktkrm so oftrmtofmrm sm rmcmrk lk:parformk

ofstklktoolar,suprkvm`bmrmk cufitoafkroo,aprormk,luirkro hm oftrmtofmrm iurmftk so

plkfocoiktk&

ârformk ofstklktomo sm mcmitumkzk hupk vmrocoikrmk stkroo cufitoafklm k

utolkjuluo:stkrmk hm iurktmfom k oftmroaruluo kpkrktmlar,stkrmk pratmitoolar

kftoiarrasovm"hupk ikz/,stkrmk mtkfskrolar so k iafhuitmlar,k krdarolar so k drktmlar iu

rkilmtm k sostmgmlar hm kitoafkrm k mibopkgmftmlar kfmxm "pagpm,dkzofm,iuvm/&Ofkoftm

hm klogmftkrmk iu suspmfsom m parfmstm kitoafkrmk krdarmluo iu drktm& Yuprkvm`bmrmk cufitoafkroo iagpartkurgktakrmlm kspmitm:urgkrormk

cufitoafkroo utolkjuluo,suprkvm`bmrmk hmdotmlar hm suspmfsoo lk klogmftkrm k ikftotktolar

"hmdotmlar/ hm hmikftkt so smhogmft,k iaftofutuluo smhogmftuluo of ckzk loibohk,k

iafsugolar hm mfmròm mlmitroik "lk hmikftakrm iu drktm/,suprkvm`bmrmk rkiarhurolar so k

mtkfskrolar&

Aprormk ofstklktomo sm ckim of urkgktakrmk arhofm k luirkrolar:aprormk

klogmftkroo iu suspmfsom,smpkrkrmk oftrmò ikftotkto hm suspmfsom "so mlogofkrmk iagplmtk

k hmikftktuluo so k smhogmftuluo/,aprormk krdarmluo iu drktm&

Oftrmtofmrmk iurmftk k hmikftakrmlar iaftofm luirkro hm rmvozom,iaftral so

rmgmhomro lk mtkfskro,iafhuitm,ogdofkro hmgaftkdolm,mvmftuklm hmtmroarkro supmrcoioklm lk

iarpul vksmlar,luirkrolm hm oftrmtofmrm lk kitoafkrmk krdarolar

"uf`mrm,imftrkrm,iurktorm,oflaiuormk surudurolar,pmfmlar/

Mvkparktakrm

Mvkparktakrmlm suft hmstofktm iafimftrkroo salutoolar prof vkparozkrmk ufmo pkrto

hof salvmft&Mlm sm iagpuf hoftr'uf sibogdktar hm iklhurk "hmfugot ikgmrk hm

ofiklzorm/,hoftr'uf spktou hm vkparozkrm of ikrm krm lai hm`kjkrmk kduruluohof salutom so

hof smpkrktarul hm poikturo&

Of mvkparktar kdurul "oftrahus oftrm tmvo/ imhmkzk iklhurk salutomo pravaikfh

comrdmrmk so mvkparkrmk salvmftuluo "vkparo hmfugoto smiufhkro/&Of aroim mvkparktar

tmgpmrkturk hm iafhmfskrm k kduruluo trmduom sk com supmroakrk tmgpmrkturoo hm comrdmrm k

salutomo okr kdurul hm ofiklzorm "progkr/ trmduom oftrahus lk a prmsoufm lk ikrm sm `ksmsi

vkparoo hof spktokl hm vkparozkrm&

Iafstruitok mvkparktakrmlar mstm hmpmfmftk hm : prapromtktolm salutomo supusm

iafimftrkroo"vksiazotktm,rmzostmftk tmrgoik,tmfhoftkhm cargkrm hm spugk,mti/,fmimsotktmksmpkrkroo ikt gko iagplmtm k poikturolar,rmhuimrmk pomrhmrolar hm iklhurk,kgplkskrmk

kpkrktuluo,mlogofkrmk iafhmfsuluo,hm iklhurk hm iurktorm,mti&


13/22

Mvkparktarmlm iu tud imftrkl hm ioriulktom,luirmkzk pm profiopoul ioriulktomo

fkturklm k salutomo so k kgmstmikroo iagplmtm so iaftofum k salutomo iafimftrktm iu salutok

prakspktk&Yalutok holuktk ptrufhm of mvkparktar prof rkiarhul 2,ogmhokt hmksuprk plkiootudulkrm supmroakrk soi ur`m of pkrtmk ofcmroakrk k utolkjuluo prof tudul imftrkl 9 hm

hokgmtru gkrm,rohoikfhu'sm kpao prof tmvolm comrdktakrm&

Hktarotk sibogduluo hm iklhurk gult gko oftmfs of tmvolm ;,salutok comrdm putmrfoi ,

kgmstmiul hm vkparo so salutom kvkfh of cofkl a gosikrm ksimfhmftk&Yalutok hof tudul

imftrkl,gult gko putof ofiklzotk,krm a gosikrm hmsimfhmftk&

Lk omsormk hof tmvo,salutok holuktk sm kgmstmik iu imk prakspktk soi ur`m hof fau

pm tudul imftrkl of togp im vkparoo oso iaftofuk hrugul ksimfhkft,trmikfh prof

smpkrktarul iu tud imftrkl krm a cufitoafkrm iaftofuk so sm calasmstm pmftru iafimftrkrmk

salutoolar ikrm fu cargmkzk hmpufmro khmrmftm,hmakrmim sm iurktm cakrtm `rmu&Mvkparktakrmlm iu ioriulktomcartktk rmklozmkzk ioriulktok salutomo oftrm spktokl hm

vkparozkrm so sibogdktarul hm iklhurk iu kjutarul ufmo pagpm&Yalutok sm klogmftmkzk lk

pkrtmk ofcmroakrk k sibogdktaruluo hm iklhurk,urik prof tmvo so ofimpm sk cokrdk lk pkrtmk

supmroakrk k kimstmrk,trmikfh kpao of spktokl hm mvkparkrm,ufhm vkparo hm salvmft sm

hm`kjk hof salutom&

Comrdkfh lk pkrtmk supmroakrk k tmvolar,salutok fu vk hmpufm irostklm pm oftrmk`k

luf`ogm k kimstark,hmio pmroialul ofcufhkroo tmvolar,salutok fu vk hmpufm irostklm pm

oftrmk`k luf`ogm k kimstark,hmio pmroialul ofcufhkroo tmvolar mstm hogofukt&

Ik so mvkparktakrmlm iu tud imftrkl hm ioriulktom,mvkparktakrmlm iu ofiklzotar

mxtmroar luirmkzk pm profiopoul ioriulktomo fkturklm k salutomo "of smfs ksimfhkft of tmvolm

comrdktakrm hktarotk kgmstmikroo salutomo iu vkparo so of smfs hmsimfhmft of iafhuitk hm

lm`kturk hmakrmim koio salutok fu comrdm/ so kl kgmstmikroo iagplmtm so iaftofum k salutomo

iafimftrktm iu ialutok prakspktk,oftrahusk of kpkrkt&

Ksmgmfmk mvkparktakrm cufitoafmkzk iu hmdotm gkro,`rkh rohoikt hm iafimftrkrm k

salutomo&


14/22

Mxplaktkrmk so oftrmtofmrmk utolkjmlar pmftru trkfsgotmrmk iklhuroo

ûfmrmk of cufitoufm,mxplaktkrmk so oftrmtofmrmk sibogdktakrmlar hm iklhurk sm ckim of

iafcargotktm iu imroftmlm hof ikomtul hm skriofo so iu fargmlm lm`klm hm tmbfoik smiurotktoo

gufio so pazk iaftrk ofimfhoolar&

ûfmrmk of cufitoufm k sibogdktakrmlar hm iklhurk sm mcmitumkzk a hktk iu oftrmk`k

ofstklktom hof ikrm cki pkrtm&Of progk mtkpk sm pufm of cufitoufm iagpkrtogmftul prof ikrm

ioriulk k`mftul tmrgoi5kpao pm gksurk im ofstklktok oftrk of rmòg,iagpkrtogmftul prof ikrm

ioriulk cluohul tmbfalaòi&

Sotmzk hm irmstmrm k tmgpmrkturoo fu trmduom sk hmpksmksik =>I pm ark5kstcml,holktktoolm

tmrgoim klm ogdofkrolar hmgaftkdolm coofh hocmrotm "holktkrolm suft gko gkro of clkfsm so gko goiolk suruduro/,sm prahuim a strkf`mrm suplogmftkrk k `krfoturoo,ik kpao, hupk m`klozkrmk

tmgpmrkturoo,ogdofkrmk sk sm slkdmksik sos k fu gko ksoùrm mtkfskrmk&

Of togpul cufitoafkroo sm urgkrmsi:

Xmgpmrkturk so prmsoufmk hm oftrkrm so omsorm k cluohmlar iu kjutarul kpkrktmlar hm

gksurk5

Mtkfsmotktmk ogdofkrolar hmgaftkdolm5

Mtkfsmotktmk iagpkrtogmftmlar prof vmrocoikrm iklotktoo prahusmlar&

ômrhmrmk mtkfsmotktoo oftrm iagpkrtogmftm sm pufm of mvohmftk prof tmfhoftk hm m`klozkrm

k tmgpmrkturoo so prmsoufoo oftrm iagpkrtogmftm&^rofiopklmlm hmcmitoufo ikrm kpkr lk sibogdktakrmlm hm iklhurk suft prmzmftktm of tkdmlk

hm gko sus&

]tolkjmlm sm aprmsi hof cufitoafkrm of ikzul of ikrm sm iafstktk siur`mro lk ogdofkro,cosuro

sku sikhmro hm prmsoufm&


15/22

Ikp 9 Kfklozk sahmo ikustoim

9&;Yiapul luirkrooHmtmrgofkrmk iaftofutuluo praimftukl hm FkAB so Fk4IA9 hof bohraxohul hm sahou

tmbfoi&

9&4Kpkrkturk so rmkitovo Dklaf iatkt 4=> gl5

^kbkr Mrlmfgkymr5

^kbkr Dmrzmlous5

Dorumtk5

^opmtk5

FkAB tmbfoi5 DkIl4 ;>-5

Cmfalctklmofk5

Gmtolarkfj5

BIl iafimftrktm5

Fk4IA9 p&k&

9&9Hmscksurkrmk luirkroo

k/ prmpkrkrmk salutomo hm BIl >,; f hof BIl iafimftrkt:

Ym prmkpkrk 4=> gl BIl >,; f BIl iaftofm 9,3=` BIl5

I ` BIl &&;>> ` Yalutom&

>,?; ` R

R7 >,?;;>> ig BIl hm I-

ic

d/ hmtmrgofkrmk totruluo so k ckitaruluo salutomo hm BIl >,; f sm utolozmkzk Fk4IA9p&k&

Ym ikftkrmsi lk dklkftk kfklotoik 4 pradm hm Fk4IA9 p&k& iuprofsk oftrm >,>2'>,;=

`&

Ym hozalvk of kpk hostolktk,sm khku`k hauk poikturo hm gmtolarkfj so sm totrmkzk iu

salutom hm BIl prmpkrktk pkfk lk vorkjul ofhoiktaruluo hm lk `kldmf lk partaiklou&

;M Fk4IA9 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& ;M BIlk ` Fk4IA9&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& f Xr BIl

Xr BIl 7 kM` BIl `!gl


16/22

M` Fk4IA9 f

M BIl 7 93,= `

M Fk4IA9 7 =9 `

F 7 gl BIl utolozkto lk totrkrm

CBIl 7 Xr

Xt

Xt 7 M BIl fargklotktm 7 93,= >,; 7 >,>93= `!gl

;>>> ;>>>

i/ prm`ktormk pradmo pmftru kfklozk

^mftru kfklozk sm calasmstm a salutom hm sahk ikustoik hm >,=- prm`ktotk kstcml:

oftr'uf pkbkr hm lkdarktar hm =>> gl sm hozalvk of kpk hostolktk prakspkt cokrtk so rkiotk

ikftotktmk hm sahk ikustoik "4,= `/ ikftkrotk iu prmiozom&^kbkrul sm kiapmrk iu a stoilk hm

imks&Hupk hozalvkrmk iagplmtk,salutok sm trmim ikftotktov oftr'uf dklaf iatkt iu hap hm

ikuioui hm =>> gl,okr hupk rkiorm sm khhuim lk smgf iu kpk hostolktk prakspkt cokrtk so

rkiotk&

h/ hmtmrgofkrmk iaftofutuluo hm FkAb

Tmkitovo:

DkIl4 salutom ;>-5

BIl >,; f5

Cmfalctklmofk'salutom kliaaloik ;-

Gah hm luiru:

;> glhm salutom prmpkrktk hm sahk ikustoik sm oftrahuim oftr'uf pkbkr Mrlmgkymr so sm

khku`k ;= gl salutom hm DkIl4 ;>- pmftru k prmiopotk Fk4IA9 prmzmft of prahus sud cargk hm

DkIA9 ofsaludol&

Ym khku`k 4'9 poikturo hm cmfalctklmofk so sm totrmkzk iu salutom hm BIl >,; f pkfk lk

hmialarkrm&

v

-FkAB 7 f f; CBIl >,>>8 ;>> 5

g ufhm:

v 7 valugul dklafuluo iatkt "=>>/5

f 7 gl salutom sahk ikustoik lukto pmftru hmtmrgofkrm ";>/5

f; 7 gl BIL >,; f calasoto lk totrkrm5CBIl 7 ckitarul salutomo hm BIl 5

>,>>8 7 ` FkAB iarmspufzktakrm lk ; gl BIl >,; f5


17/22

G 7 gksk sahmo ikustoim ikftkrotk lk pufitukl ;' of `rkgm5

m/hmtmrgofkrmk Fk4IA9 hof bohraxohul hm sahou tmbfoi:

Tmkitovo:

BIl >,; f5 Gmtolarkfj&

Gah hm luiru:

;> gl salutom prmpkrktk ik lk pufitukl ; sm oftrahuim oftr'uf vks Mrlmfgkymr so sm

khku`k 4'9 poikturo hm gmtolarkfj so sm totrmkzk klialofotktmk tatklk "FkAB% Fk4IA9/ iu BIl

>,; f&

v

- Fk4IA9 7 f "f4 f;/ CBIl >,>>=9 ;>>

g ufhm:v 7 valugul dklafuluo iatkt "=>>/5

f 7 gl salutom lukto pmftru hmtmrgofkrmk ";>/5

f4 7 gl BIl >,; f utolozkto lk totrkrmk klialofotktoo tatklm5

f; 7 gl BIl >,; f utolozkto lk totrkrmk FkAB5

g 7 gksk sahmo ikustoim ikftkrotk lk pufitukl ; of `rkgm5

CBIl 7 ckitarul salutomo BIl >,; f5

>,>>=9 7 `rkgmlm hm Fk4IA9 iarmspufzktakrm lk ; gl salutom BIl >,; f&

^rmpkrkrmk rmkitovolar fmimskro luirkroo : salutom hm BIl >,; f so hmtmrgofkrmkckitaruluo hm iarmitom&

Kfklozk FkAB tmbfoi,hmtmrgofkrmk iaftofutuluo hm FkAB so Fk4IA9 mxprogkt of

praimftm&

9&8Tmzultktm adtofutm

f; 7 ;9,3 gl

f; % f4 7 ;9,= gl salutom BIl >,; f

4

f4 7 ;9,9 gl

=>>

-FkAB 7 ;> ;9,= >,? >,>>8 ;>> 7 => ;9,= >,? >,>>8 ;>> 7 ?0,4 -

4,= 4,=

g 7 4,= `

C 7 >,?


18/22

Ikp 8

8&;Gksuro hm pratmitom k gufioo " ^G /

Of ofstklktoolm hm adtofmrm so utolozkrm k ilaruluo pat mxostk urgktakrmlm pmroialm:

Oftaxoiktoo hktarotk ikrkitmruluo taxoi k ilaruluo,gmriuruluo,bohraxohuluo hm

sahou,mti&

Mxplazoo ,ikuzktm hm cargkrmk kgmstmiurolar mxplasovm,bohra`mf'kmr

"axo`mf/,bohra`mf'ilar "ilarurk hm vofol/,mti&

Krsuro tmrgoim so ibogoim hktarotk bohraxohuluo hm sahou,kiohuluo sulcuroi,mti&

Mlmitraiutkro hmakrmim imlulmlm suft lm`ktm of smrom,hmio lk uf patmftokl pmroiulas

cktk hm pkgkft& Hocmrotm trkugktosgm gmikfoim&

Kitoufmk suprk ar`kfosguluo k sudstkftmlar taxoim sm prmzoftk kstcml:

Ilarul paktm pravaik oftaxoiktoo kiutm,iarfoim so krm kitoufm ksuprk pomloo so

guiaksmo5

^ravakik oftaxoiktoo kiutm iu sogptalaòm of profiopkl ho`mstovk so rmfklk so

oftaxoiktom irafoik iu kitoufm of spmiokl ksuprk sostmguluo fmrvas "hmrm`lkro

fmrvaksm/,pravaikfh daklk pracmsoafklk fugotk bohrkròrosg5 Kiohul ilarbohroi of stkrm `kzaksk krm kitoufm orotkftk ksuprk guiaksmlar of

spmiokl k aibolar so k ikolar rmsporktaroo,okr salutok ktkik pomlmk pravaikfh krsuro so

ulimrktoo hm hocmrotm `rkhm5

Bohraxohul hm sahou ktkik putmrfoi pomlmk so of `mfmrkl taktm tmsuturolm,lmzoufolm

pravaiktm kvkfh ibkrkitmr ulimrktovm5

^ravakik oftaxoiktoolm kiutm so iarfoim,im sm gkfocmstk prof hmzmibolodrkrm orafoik

"klialark/ so tuldurkro fmrvaksm so k ufar ar`kfm&

Ilarurk hm vofol pravakik oftaxoiktoo ktkt kiutm ikt so iarfoim gkfocmstkfh kitoufm

taxoik ksuprk sostmguluo fmrvas imftrkl,lmzoufo ksuprk kpkrktuluo rmsporktar,mti5 Kitoufmk ilaruroo hm vofol ksuprk tmùgmftmlar sm gkfocmstk prof urtoikrom sku

cargm smlmrahmrgoim5

Dmfzmful pktrufhm of ar`kfosg,of spmiokl pm iklm rmsporktarom so pravakik

oftaxoiktoo kiutm so iarfoim5

Daklk pravaiktk fugotk dmfzofosg mstm ufk hof imlm gko `rmlm dalo pracmsoafklm&


19/22

Xaktm kimstm faxm suft pmroiulaksm ikfh iafimftrktok of ktgascmrk hm luiru hmpksmstm a

kfugotk logotk so kfugm iafimftrktok gkxogk khgosk&

Iafimftrktok gkxogk khgosk k profiopklmlar faxm prmzmftm of ofstklktoolm hm adtofmrm so

utolozkrm k ilaruluo g`!gkmr&

* ' kmrasalo kliklofo

^mftru mvotkrmk kiiohmftmlar so k ogdalfkvorolar pracmsoafklm suft fmimskrm urgktakrmlm :

k/ Gksuro tmbfoia'ar`kfozktaroim,so kfugm :

Tmspmitkrmk pkrkgmtrolar hm cufitoafkrm k ofstklktoolar&

Mvotkrmk pktrufhmroo sudstkftmlar taxoim of ktgascmrk hm luiru prof:

mtkfskrmk iarmitk k ofstklktoolar so utolkjmlar,vmftolktom iarmspufzktakrm,gkfopulkrmk so

hmpazotkrmk iu ktmftom k gmriuruluo,iaftralul iafimftrktomo of kckrk logotmlar hmmxplazom&"B4 of ilar sud ;-/,mti&

Mvotkrmk mlmitraiutkrolar prof ialmitkrmk siur`mrolar hm iurmft hm lk imlulm

"fu trmduom sk hmpksmksik >,4- hof vklakrmk iurmftuluo iafsugkt/,lm`krmk lk pkgkft k

utolkjmlar pmroiulaksm,calasormk ufmltmlar kftosikftmo,olugofkt so gatakrm

spmioklm,calasormk hospazotovmlar hm pratmitom khmivktm,mti&

Olugofkrmk tuturar sursmlar hm prahuimrm k sikftmolar prof: oftmrzoimrmk

luiruluo iu cai hmsibos,calasormk ufmltmlar kftosikftmo,olugofkt so gatakrm

spmioklm,calasormk hm `kzm hm pratmitom,mti&

Mvotkrmk straporolar iu lmsom ikustoik sku kiozo prof:gkfopulkrmk iu ktmftom klar,ozalkrmk iafhuitmlar,iafcmitoafkrmk iafhuitmlar hof gktmroklm

kftoiarrasovm,prmvmhmrm hm kpkrktaro lk ogdofkro,mti&

Hatkrmk iu mibopkgmftul hm pratmitom iarmspufzktar comikruo lai hm gufik

so ofstruormk pmrsafkluluo pmftru utolozkrmk iarmspufzktakrm k mibopkgmftuluo hof

hatkrm,pmftru pkstrkrmk luo of iafhotoo dufm&

Gufiotaroo ikrm luirmkzk of smitoolm hm adtofmrm so prmluirkrm k ilaruluo

trmduom sk pakrtm mibopkgmft hm pratmitom,iozgm homlmitroim,gkfuso hm ikuioui so gksik

hm `kzm iarmspufzktakrm faxmlar&Hm mxmgplu,gksik hm `kzm pmftru ilar mstm so`urk

fugko lk iafimftrktoo hm ilar of kmr sud ;-&

d/ Gksuro o`omfoia'skfotkrm,iug kr co :

FARMLM

Iafi&gkxogk

khgosk

Ilar Bohraxoh

hm sahou

Ilarurk

hm vofol

Gmriur Kiohilar'

bohroi

Dmfzmf Xroilara'mtmfk

^mrilara

'mtmfk

Xmtrkila'rurk hm

ikrdaf

; ;* ;>> >,>= ;> => => 30> =>


20/22

Tmspmitkrmk oòmfmo lk laiul hm gufik,kiarhkrmk hm kftohatm so calasormk luo

lk laiul hm gufik,iaftralul gmhoikl prmvmftov "lk kf`kjkrm so pmroahoi/,mti&

Of ikz hm kiiohmftkrm sm praimhmkzk lk kiarhkrmk progul kjutar,pmrsafklul

coofh ofstruot of kimst smfs&Kstcml,of ikz hm oftaxoiktoo iu ilar sku cas`mf sm siaktm

kiiohmftktul hof zafk voioklk,sm tofm pm ikt pasodol lk iklh,ckrk sk O sm hmk loiboh sk dmksos k O sm ckik rmsporktom krtocoioklk&Tmkfogkrm sm ckim fugko iu cas`mf sud suprkvm`bmrm

gmhoiklk&

Of ikz hm krsuro ibogoim iu sahk ikustoik sku kiozo sm spklk rmòufmk krsuroo

iu gultk kpk,ckrk k sm kploik ufùmft,sm trkfspartk lk hospmfskrul gmhoikl


21/22

8&4 ]tolozkrolm sahmo ikustoim

Bohraxohul hm sahou "sahk ikustoik/ FkAB mstm hm ksmgmfmk,iufasiut so oftrmduoftkt lk

ckdroikrmk skpufuluo ofik hof kftoibotktm&]tolozkrmk ofhustroklk k sahmo ikustoim ofimpm kdok of smialul kl ROR'lmk ,ikfh sm pufm lk

pufit praimhmul ofhustrokl hm ckdroikrm k sahmo ikustoim prof ikustocoikrm iu vkr k sahmo

ikliofktm Fk4IA9&


22/22

8&9 DODLOA@TKCOM

;& Xmbfalaòk ibogoik hm ilksk k ?'k,

Mhoturk hohkitoik so pmhkàòik,

Yirosk hm: of`& Olmkfk Foiulmsiu,

Haitar'of`: Xodmrou Tahmkfu&

4& Mxplaktkrmk so oftrmtofmrmk utolkjmlar so ofstklktoolar hof ofhustrok ibogoik,

Mhoturk hohkitoik so pmhkàòik T&K&'Duiurmsto';??9

Yirosk hm : Kfk Crkfiosik Gobkolmsiu,

Oaf Luputou,

Oaf Dkfktmkfu&

9& Ofhrmptkr hm lkdarktar tmbfala oi

Yirosk hm : Olmkfk Iajaikru,

Goibkmlk Comrk,

Gkrokfk Crktolk,

Olom Duiur&

Irkoavk,4>>4

8& Xmbfalaòk ibogoik'kfar`kfoik hm ilksk k RO'k&

fabricarea si analiza sodei caustice

Documents