04. efectele biologice ale ultrasunetelor

7/29/2019 04. Efectele Biologice Ale Ultrasunetelor

1/4

Capitolul4

EFECTELEBIOLOGICEALE ULTRASUNETELORSortnM. Du.lea

Ultfasirneteleu sunt ipsitede eiecte iologice. cesteefec!depind ?n pdncipalde trei factori: intcnsitatealluxului de energie onorA,imful dc cxpunrea enefgi.lsonorl incidend i ftccvcnF US. Pe prezenla fcctclorbiologice se bazcaz, ulilizarea US in lralamentelereumahbgice,n stomalologicdetartaj)9i ln chirurgie:lirorilia extmcoryorcali calculilofprin undi de goc$ibisturielecu US. Exist, insl diferenle cllntikttive$icalitativensemnotentreUS cu acliune disiructivr" iUSlblosilen scop iagnostic.Efectebiologice emonstrate xperimental

Principalele fecte biologice ale US, denronslrateexperimen@leanimale, irnt: feclulbiofizicde cavitalie,efectul lermic, efecteleasupragenomului i efeclelecomplexe,istructive.Efectulbiofizicde cavitatie oite mbrtrcaouA specte:a) caritalio ra zitorietsub nlhenF campului ibrantde US, n lichidele iologice ot apircamici buLe u gaz.cJre o'c cara n r:mpul US 5i i?i In:Jesc rogre' i \dinensiunile.,r ntcnshalimari aLeUS, bulelepol colabasubit,ducind a cresterileocalcmarcate e renperaluri,urm.lte e descompunereacrmld a apeiSi eliberarcd eradicaliiberiib) caritatioskbilA: 1a ntensitdlimodcrale le luxuluide US. bulelepulscrzd ermanentn cAmpul onor i po!produce odificdri le lfucturilor elulare diacente.

Efeolul termic. US produc ncalzireaesuturrlor ecAre e stribat,atAtpdn fenomenul e cavhalio l! ii ir )urmaabsorbliciS-aconstatati expunereaa USprcduceeibcte ernrice cAle n ossi muichi,congestie,cmomgieovariand$i arsuri tegument$e a gobolani.Crcatcretemperaturiiu 1,5"2,50 peslevalorilenormalepoatedeteflninrltvortul, efatogenezaaumoarteambrionuluiDlecle supragcno ului. ExpunereAimpde50 minuteh US cu nrensi laterrrea dus a disociereaRN-ului ,urnratii de oecrozir tisuhra la $obolani.AnomaliicoDgcnilale u putut li oblinute doff la pasiri. TotxprimenLul fost consDlad cresterearecvenleideschimburintre cronratidelcurod,dar n ocesldomeniu,ddeledin sludiisimilare unlcontradictorii.Elbcte complexe, istructive,Aceslcefecteconstaudin nrodifi dri structuraleelularEalterarcaermeabilililiimembranelofelulare. ucleata i lizozomalA,umelierereticulului odoplasmatici a mitocondriilor, islugerea

citoscheletului)ipolajungeeni a necroziccnlrolobularihcpalici, stazdsanguina u hemolizi, necrozaesutuluccrebralaumedular upxraplegie,ataracti tc.Asttbldecfecte u lbsi observdLeoar dupi expunercr ldlungal,la UScu ntensitililnari.Condilii de obliherca efectelorbiologice

lnlensitflcr unui fascicul dc US poate fi exprnnad inceEva moduri. ficnndu-se referire la intensitateamaxrma


2/4

4 :: t.dL engl.) sau la intensiLatqrnre.tic.n3l . l pfecn,nf i 1a dlsr f ibLi t i r pr t i r t i sxui rntcnsrr i l rAceslcnrodurt e crpnmrre snt. :ru.:rLdislribulja spaliatila nrtemiriltl inrr un. :: LS nLresrcmilbrrra (intensitrte.r naxrniN ste. N ccnLnt fascictr tu l l i ) . iar nr crzul: I l rer cu enr is ie uisxla,] ic id isrr ibul i rn lnnf a: ru esre uni lbrmn.M.dLrr i tcde crprm!re N' I unui l iscicLr ic JSsuni l. ':)t \ t.srdtidlp(.tk, t\nparut a\erus() tltlr|.\r.^ : .,rL' mcdi! tenporala;. .11 \ t5iu/ l . l a j r , ,zf . tot torut arenqt) ne l. . r r r . iL iiLremfoL' l r la;. |Pl l r (?a/nt r .uk. tot t l ,1 l t r .1t i ) n l tx mLrt. : : r r i l tr tenlpomt:. \ \l lr (J,llrnl/ dr(ftt!., tenlpot.tt t.drl _ nrellriL. l , .Lrr i | i)r nnr inrut cnrpotui' , : r , r t ' i rscicul leUS estc ulr r ( lcf iz. r tf i lMtof i n] t l

- : r r r r e intcnsir i t i l rcai xfr imurcacestci i c r r lc rni . , sPTP vr lor inr ix ime)dccirdaci acccai i nrensi l r re. , \ i rcut ! tu i cste expr i | ] ) . r t i n n]odut SAIA tvrhr i. . r r r tnrcrsr l r ten doui i I rscicLLtc e t j ) porre rl. rJ, r t l dou daci en cste cxpr i rnrrn ^rrccr ! r r 1)n: r l iu rnrbclc rscicutc.l r , r ( c lcctclc iotogicerre nu i ,s l prezcI l r ie ) l r isus. . r . \ t obl r )urc rxpcr in)cl l1r tt ) f inexl)unerc!nlr r r re() r . r r\ . rJr . .1. .1r . . , . . , r . .e t \ . r r : \pt \ r .1, . . . .1

dc W/.Di l r imp de minure,Teci de rninuLe ru or.frec-lcnlaUS l)rilizare iind in iuf rlc r NIII7.h cursLrl unej errminirj ecogri|cc obirnu lc .t r 'ar ldncbrr l n l lc de cc. I 000 de of i /securdinnfuisrr iduf ind l-1.5 nicn)secunde.i r festulde 99.9 " dtn r jmfsLrnr re_ccl)tronatccorrtc Cr awi lr . thrua Ltki.\dtntndn ..:otr1ft.c. orqarjtlttut tmai (\tr \xlrl.n(ryi.i US nL(ident.dodl, / .r r/r, i,,?). ceexcc tice ca_sprecxernp|u'pc|ucU|sl l1uneLcxr | l l1 l in id!rcazi l0 rnnrute,ugrnjsnNl sii tie supus r eoerrte USnrcr.lcntar rp de .lorr 2 sccur)deIrr tensihre: t ascicutetordc US eJnisc d. caLtrcapxr i [etcn]oclcrne e ecogral icestc ext fcnrdc !af i , r l i i ,' i . t i | / .1 ' .1 1. | |ur , te I n. . t r . ar . . r . .1_. | . rr ,r lD, . ' , , . . , , J r . r i . , . r . , , . . r . . | , r | )cmisc dc cr ' i t rc pnfutcte tcecogfr f jc o ' le pjcrcnrrr r|l rhclLr l" l

Din lrbelut prclcnrr l fczulra .i i in lensi txteirl l : : ' ."1i ' l l ' i us rLcrLrxruct4nrl mencscLLcrrircir.2 'r l Lr \ \ i I / , . . ( r " r . . t . \1. t .r . , r .' . . r . | , . , . . , { . '1. : . .L.h . t . r r t | | .L Jr . . . | r ' r . . . . . , Lrerr) r l er lcrcrc nl i Drurc de t)0 rW/cr I : I r rccvcr tr^,, ,, l , l i . r l l , | | , t . . . , r s . . , . , . ( . , r : i , , , . , .3.5 N1Hz. l ) i r r r .cslc (hlc ci i i .c r f ln l ra ( l i t . ! rcnlctccl | | ) t i r r l i !ci i cr l i tnr ivc ) r i ( t i I t r t t jS cu ctcet f h r)kj ! , r rc, . . l . i r . >r I . r . .rr. i . - r , | , - . r . . . , r t1. . . . . .sur l fcTui ' ) r tcl t rhctu . l l

l r tusi t , l . r St , l(ltnrniu de $ln.i, trr!V/.mr)

!nl(rrrc.t trre(lict0rurrii Dcn0llrsuturiteuDkne Dw/.nr,)t

0. i I t50t)01Jt .1.11J0 0t .1t1) ,1.10.r . l t : ] ]2rr I - 1,100 5 21100.6 2. i00

In\ rN rnlc rnLu cNgmiir . bnl mcr\ ort i

'frrDrltrcloire pcnlrLefuni.oc Doflrtc.Di, fp lcr. .nr inuu nr ohsLcrLi. i

5011

500

l l ( ,

D(Dolo rl r ru.ar .Lt .d ls.ut( rper cr ic 20 2.501) 501), , .l_r I 9+i -tS9


3/4

1), \ t l . t l , \ . r . : r41j . l r , r

Diraftnklrt.ltkrtirr ti(untndtirt lrltr! u! fl.Ietu btabric. rnlorit. ti LrS tilir.an , n wt dtugn.nnFrec\'enl.de epetiiie rfrcYo,F

t is tulede bi logice nedo eLs ur i l i r .L. d s.op di iPnosl ic

1LrO100 \'1r7I l0 kl 17

< lMI l /> 1.5Nll l /

Drn d tele cupfinse in rabelul .1.2 fcruha lnplul cicxrnr inarcrDopf lcr nr rnsarnblu i , mr i nles, ccr cucr . , . . ( Lo.r r i r . l r .e.e. . r . , . , rer L , leoi(br . lcoJre.


4/4

: rrfl.grce con\trlrle i,r r'/r-. nu pot fi: . , .npr ! s i lua{ l i lofc l in ice nr Lr l r , Ei icIele, .{ , 1 , ' l l l l ' l " r li ' | r . ' . . . ' , ' ' . . r , '

' r ' r : ' . i1

Llcctebiologice supraomului

. l . pr i ret tc jcctclc xerci t r l . c calrcUS 1,r n,

. , f r i isrclor .l rst i tutul \nrcf icarde t,Lt fxsuoelen..1 \ l l , ' r r l . r r r r .J ' L(LLrr '. r n.r iu l de l icc\cnla s|b I0 l \ { l Iz nLr0u ja\ t. . . : ' i f i h chlx onnulaui lrczer leL ccLur l ' r . lecte.r l fdependcnlcor) t i rnr tc !{ rpr ' . r lesut t t r i lor el . . r \ , ' " . , / . r - , ' : r) \ \ /cnr2 srrLLr i lS locul i / r le cr rnlcrrsl l i i t rut)\ l r r ' . r . , . r . . . | . L l r i r , I r ' r t r . ' '. r 50{ l s.cunclc I) | r lnr LIS ncl i ) .n l i7 l l I . l r r 50r- , .nrru :S l i )cr l i l r lc l . !s l re l dc cicclcnu rn r r )s1.Lrr . n i . i r i r r rcts i l i i l i r ( i r t r i r l , {h( i i l ) |1{LIn ' lr . Lrr , r inrNhi dccr t)u ci . cnc $l) 5() . . 'L lc/cr i' f : l ( lcsl i turr tc. ( lc- l I t 'nBr l t rn ' |u lur . nruLrr I lc- t ' r (L.r r io l ( )gr !err etcr cc f t ivci lc toslbi lc icele. l .: f . \ |urcr . r h LIS nr r / , ' r , lc ' t ' t r !c! xsLi l ). . . ! i l lc conc. t l . . r \Lr xis l r l rnr l ix l 1tLt l crrc ru' ' t , r . ' l i , ' r " ' r l l \ r -1.r , , iL ix iLf . ( l i \1. \1.sru l r r lbrLLar it r ! / ! [ i h\r f "Lc sLLr(Li ir L, inul l r r i . r inLLtrr e. x\ l r . l i r r (1,1.. / r i i l , sc t)or lc r l i r r l r .a L S ul l r1rL. L. \ . , ) l ).L rr ! cr t r . iLa f l r . ( ( l ) r , l ( i l t r t i ! ) rL\( . ( j t i \ .1Ll .

.L.r : l s.ns t)or lc lL rni in l r ta ( lc! l r t r l i r r \ l tJNl ( lLn' ' 'Nu r! l , )s1 xl ! r1r ic \ r .odr1atcicelc bj( ,1()g(c,r .L l( iLr r ( \ l inr l fL)en( l . r r l .! . t iS (u i l rLeirs i l i i lL. - \ l i rc inslr rnierr lcL, , f1c l i rgn(^t ic t lorLe. sul) t t lL lor sru , ,1)cfr l (n i lott ) iLfLtr . l (nlc ccog] i i ic. Dcsi

r .L\ ih i l i l r l ! r i r rs l l i l (1. lecl ! s i I i r i ( ler l i l i r ! t lc r i,L.L1clelc . lkr d i" l ncnr r r (LicatLpluli i b. |c l ic i r l- .r !c l^ .nt iL )rccnl din ul i l i / rL l l ] ) t rdcnr i i L;S.-r r . rLLlrLLl1iscur i le co,cr i .cu. ! f Cu1!t 'p i i r . r " '. . lL,J. f . r r is.Lr l0 is. t )otr r . obl i . . t r i l l f . (ht . . f . r: I lu t lS Acersl l | ,h r i r rdul e i , for t . l idblr r rLr l r. . . , , lJrcl inr fuluide extun. fc. rcducefer nrcrsr la l' . r f r f r i l f l i rxf . r rel tx lc idc dix! ' roslrc coi ' r l ' .' . r . i . ind rste ndicrLi i

Pentru r.Jr.cr.'a scului, i.ldnlistralii nofd dmcncani( l r l )At r inr !s l imre xl . in(cnsr la! i iusccululuide L-Scrfc \untprcrer t r le n trb. l t l ,1.6.Lnr i t . r t t \ . rnan.. t l , , : . t t t t \ i t t l r l t l i t l . Lt i r t l t^r t l r

t . inr iLnr \nDn SPTA

l r f lorNrcr l l i lu lu l \ i i l lc ip l cnl l i(rb(L.nrinrl. |t{Lirlir.. ri l r.|arrtor.

alr

lcsrt f r NiL. c()rn.cIrLr i i n re lConcluzii

Strdlul xclul l 11 cufot l i r r lc lofnt r fcf l r is de.clxr . rLLr)ort . . rc ncgl l i \ ( l le t S ut i l i^1! ' n scof ( l r r !11o\rLexsut) f i r Nr ln i ( u t ( ) ! lc lccsl . r . t rS l re l l r fd lLfsr tc jecl tcro hiol( igice slc cco. l r r rdrbi | l t t i l i : tk\ t tnulr t l tatdr . , ,s/ r l l i i r )x i !1cs in pr i r r ! l l f in)esr i r r srrcr i t r r .( lc( ,xrccetrcr inu cr in i i l i lLr I r i \ l r ) ( l cvcnlur lcLc j f ( lcerrrLr l r t i \c lc e\pun.r i i h d( i7cnic i i rc| (1rrc lc rs.

Il ibliogla c scl c ivitI l t^r) l t , \ ( ; . , l i^t ) l , r \ l l . , \ I l , l l Nl \ . . l l l l { ( l l , \ P,,

I ) t : f ) l lA S. lrr . rr . rr t )r t r l i t t I l i rk t l i i Nle( lLr.LL:r .I KRf lNlf ( ' \L l l i$ . / ) i , / r r , \ /n I tntr , ,n l 1 ' t i r t t ) ! r : dr ' l

l r r )uhr l \ 1 ' . (1. \ r . l l . SrLrr l . rs i i . I i l r ( l . l ) i i . r L ' ) t r l. r l l )P 1, , LtN(; t -S()1,() \ l ( ) \ l lS( t l ( : | 0rL. , ( ' l , i !Lcr

lr I ' , i r '! (sub r:r l) l , ' ) t :Rt l i t ' l r r t , l t l r ' ! r" i \t r l t i \ r r ta, , t l t i l i l . Nl0( l i t r la .JL.rr . l l r ' ) ' ) f , . ' l l r ' l l.1 .$I t l , l ,S I 'N l . : l 'hy\ i . r r nLLi{ i ! r rL. fL.LrL ' : I (r) l . lbrrgl l l l . l , r l lcr \wr l l r 1, ir l rn,n ' ! , i i l i , I i . Ni. . r YcrL 'h ioL( L9t)6 lh0 \ i . . r LTiLLLL. ' l '1 .1.L it rr Vrdir , OsLo

04. efectele biologice ale ultrasunetelor

Documents