young adult issues

7/25/2019 Young Adult Issues

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Psihologia adultului si varstnicului

Dificultatile tanarului adult

in societatea de astazi

Gheorghe Alexandra-Ecaterina

Psihologie anul II


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Dificultatile tanarului adult

Erik Erickson, a descries perioada tanarului adult incepand de la varsta de 20 de ani, pana la 45,iar tema acestei etape a numit-o intimitate vs i!olatie"# $pune ca asteptarile societatii de la

tanarul adult sunt altele decat alta data# Pentru ca tinerii din !iua de asta!i intampina di%icultati pe

care generatia trecuta nu le-a intalnit# Este nevoie de mai multa educatie, mai multe pregatiri si

un studiu continuu pentru ca un tanar sa se poata speciali!a# Ast%el, cu cat are mai multe de

invatat, se simte mai putin sigur pe cariera sa si pe cunostintele sale, sunt mai putin gra&iti sa se

casatoreasca si sa isi intemeie!e o %amilie# 'ptiunile pt am&ele sexe sunt mult mai variate#

Asteptarile legate de ce vor %ace dupa ce vor termina scoala sunt tot mai putin clare# (inerii cauta

suport in terapie, u s%at, o indrumare, mai ales daca nu se inteleg prea &ine cu parintii# )auta o

%igura paterna, sau uneori opusul %igurii parentale, pe cineva care ii vede capa&ili, maturi# *aca

vin cu parintii ori locuiesc cu ei, sunt uneori am&ivalenti, vor sa %ie independenti de parinti, insa

sunt inca dependenti %inanciar ori emotional# (erapia a+uta la sta&ilirea timpului in care tanarul

adult este in procesul de separare si il a+uta sa stie de cata autonomie simte ca dispune# )e ii %ace

sa ramana legati de parinti, daca este &ine sa %ie di%eriti de parinti, ii a+uta sa isi cunoasca

identitatea, valorile, rolul lor in viata si societate# )reierul tinerilor adulti nu este complet

de!voltat, maturi!at, pana la varsta de 25 de ani# *upa pu&ertate, cele mai mari schim&ari au %ost

in !ona pre%rontala a cortexului si in cere&el, !onele care se ocupa de a%ectivitate si procesele

cognitive# $istemul lim&ic explodea!a in perioada pu&ertatii, insa !ona pre%rontala a cortexului

se va maturi!a peste inca 0 ani# Aceasta este !ona care te a+uta sa iti controle!i impulsurile#

ulte &oli mintale tind sa apara in adolescenta tar!ie spre 20 de ani, cum ar %i &ipolaritatea ori

schi!ophrenia# Ar mai %i si consumul de su&stante inter!ise, alimentatia de!ordonata, haotica,

depresia si anxietatea, toate aceste &oli si pro&leme complica si mai mult intre&area complexa .ce

voi %ace in viitor" si de!orientarea#


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Young Adult Issues

Erik Erickson, noted developmental ps/chologist, descri&ed the period o% /oung adulthood as

&eing %rom age 20-45, and the task o% the stage to &e intimac/ vs# isolation# (his seems too

&road and simplistic in toda/"s societ/# In 10, 3enneth 3eniston, a ale Ps/chologist,

descri&ed characteristics o% /outh as pervasive am&ivalence toard sel% and societ/, having a

%eeling o% a&solute %reedom, o% living in a orld o% pure possi&ilities# 6e proposed that the/

have not settled the 7uestions o% relationship to existing societ/, vocation, social role and

li%est/le#

Societal Expectations of Young Adults

A /oung adult in toda/"s societ/ %aces issues and challenges that did not exist, or ere

unacknoledged, in previous generations# In 2000, 8e%%re/ Arnett coined the term Emergent

Adult and identi%ied changes that have occurred over the last several decades9 more education is

needed to survive in in%ormation-&ased econom/: %eer entr/-level +o&s are availa&le even a%ter

all that schooling: /oung people are %eeling less rush to marr/&ecause o% the general acceptance

o% premarital sex, coha&itation and &irth control: /oung omen%eeling less rush to have &a&ies

given their ide range o% career options and their access to reproductive technolog/

i%pregnanc/is dela/ed &e/ond most %ertile /ears#

)hoices %or &oth genders are more numerous# Expectations are less clear a&out hat is one"s next

step a%ter %inishing school;hether it &e high school, college, or graduate school


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)lients o% this population are %re7uentl/ looking %or an encouraging parental %igure in a therapist,

particularl/ i% the/ ere or are not so ell supported &/ their on parents# 'ther times the/ are

looking %or the opposite o% a parental %igure = someone ho sees them as capa&le and adult# >ot

an authorit/, +ust an older, iser guide# I% the/ come in ith their parents, or are living ith their

parents, the/ are sometimes am&ivalent a&out separation %rom them, and ma/ need some help

&eing launched# (herap/ helps to esta&lish here a /oung adult is in the separation process and

ho much autonom/ he or she is %eeling# ?hat is keeping someone tied to his or her parents@ Is

it oka/ to &e di%%erent %rom parents@ ?hat are %earsanxieties a&out independence@ (herap/ also

helps /oung adult clients to explore their identit/ or ho ell the/ kno him or hersel%@ ?hat is

one"s personalit/ t/pe, one"s values and goals, one"s sense o% him or hersel% in the orld@ Group

therap/ is a poer%ul intervention %or this cohort, as man/ /oung adults are %eeling isolated and

alone, as i% ever/one else has it together except %or them# Group therap/ helps them to see that

this is not the case, and gives them a place to %eel less isolated and more supported, as the/

grapple ith issues o% hat their li%e ill &e a&out#

How Psychotherapy Can Help Young Adults

Ps/chotherap/ ith /oung adults ma/ help the client explore their identit/, including values,interests, and 7uestions o% ho the person is in the orld# Insta&ilit/ is addressed as clients deal

ith a %eeling o% &eing in &eteen one stage o% li%e and the next, o%ten striving %or

independence %rom parents, &ut needing to depend on them %or %inancial or emotional support#

)lients are naturall/ ver/ sel%-%ocused at this time o% their li%e, &ut ma/ need help in seeing a

&igger picture in terms o% ho the/ %it into the orld, and their relationship ith others# oung

adults" sense o% possi&ilities can help to esta&lish hope %or the %uture, &ut can also hinder progress

i% the client is overhelmed &/ possi&ilities and ma/ need assistance narroing don choices#

$ome o% these characteristics are part o% adolescence &ut the/ take on ne depth and urgenc/ in

the 20"s#
http://www.goodtherapy.org/individuation-in-therapy.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/therapy-for-identity-issues.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/therapy-for-values-clarification.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/individuation-in-therapy.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/therapy-for-identity-issues.htmlhttp://www.goodtherapy.org/therapy-for-values-clarification.html


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The Young Adult rain

A >I6 longitudinal stud/ %ound that children"s &rains ere not %ull/ mature until at least age

25# ost signi%icant changes a%ter pu&ert/ ere in pre%rontal cortex and cere&ellum, the regions

involved in emotional control and higher-order cognitive %unctioning# (he lim&ic s/stem

explodes during pu&ert/, &ut the pre%rontal cortex keeps maturing %or another 0 /ears# (his is

the part that allos /ou to control /our impulses, come up ith a long-range strateg/ and anser

the 7uestion, ?hat am I going to do ith m/ li%e@ an/ serious mental illnesses tend to

appear in the late teens or earl/ 20"s ;&ipolar, schi!ophrenia


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(herap/ helps 8enna understand that the &reak she took as &rought on &/ %eelings o% in%eriorit/

;hich upon %urther exploration revealed aneglect%ul childhood

young adult issues

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