web viewîn această lecţie de engleză se află lista celor mai frecvente verbe neregulate...
TRANSCRIPT
Verbe in EnglezaÎn limba Engleză verbul reprezintă orice acţiune (walk), apariţie (happen) sau stare de existenţa (be). Verbele în limba Engleză sunt conjugate la prezent, trecut şi viitor, fiecare timp de bază este compus din alte 4 timpuri verbale: simplu, continuu (continuous), perfect şi perfect continuu (perfect continuous). Formarea timpurilor compuse se face cu ajutorul verbelor auxiliare to be (a fi) şi to have (a avea), verbele auxiliare în limba Engleză sunt folosite diferit faţă de modul în care sunt folosite în limba Română iar multe dintre timpurile verbelor din limba Engleză nu corespund cu timpurile verbelor din limba Română, deci în concluzie încercaţi să vă separaţi de gramatica limbii Române dacă doriţi să învăţaţi verbele din limba Engleză în cel mai scurt timp posibil. În funcţie de modul în care sunt formate verbele din limba Engleză, acestea se împart în doua categorii: verbe regulate şi verbe neregulate. Verbele regulate sunt uşor de reţinut deoarece împart aceleaşi 4 caracteristici de formare:1. au o forma de bază, care2. în timpurile continuous şi perfect continuous primeşte terminaţia -ing3. în timpul Past tense al verbului primeşte terminaţia -ed4. în timpul Past participle al verbului primeşte terminaţia -ed.Verbele neregulate au forme diferite în timpurile: Prezent (Present), Trecut (Past tense) şi Participiu trecut (Past participle), pentru a putea învăţa conjugarea unui verb neregulat trebuie să reţineţi forma verbului în toate timpurile anterior precizate. Verbele auxiliare si verbele neregulate vor fi analizate mai detaliat în lecţiile viitoare.Pentru a înţelege mai bine felul în care sunt conjugate verbele regulate, am ales verbul to work (a lucra / a munci) pe care îl vom conjuga în toate timpurile, având forma de bază îngroşată cu albastru închis iar terminaţiile îngroşate cu roşu:
Present Present (Prezent) I work (Eu lucrez)you work (Tu lucrezi)he/she/it works (El/Ea lucrează)we work (Noi lucrăm)you work (Voi lucraţi)they work (Ei/Ele lucrează)
Present continuousI am workingyou are workinghe/she/it is workingwe are workingyou are workingthey are working
Present perfectI have workedyou have workedhe/she/it has workedwe have workedyou have workedthey have worked
Present perfect continuousI have been workingyou have been workinghe/she/it has been workingwe have been workingyou have been workingthey have been working
Past Past tense/Preterite (Trecut) I worked (Eu am lucrat)you worked (Tu ai lucrat)he/she/it worked (El/Ea a lucrat)
Past continuousI was workingyou were workinghe/she/it was working
we worked (Noi am lucrat)you worked (Voi aţi lucrat)they worked (Ei/Ele au lucrat)
we were workingyou were workingthey were working
Past perfectI had workedyou had workedhe/she/it had workedwe had workedyou had workedthey had worked
Past perfect continuousI had been workingyou had been workinghe/she/it had been workingwe had been workingyou had been workingthey had been working
Future Future (Viitor) I will work (Eu voi lucra)you will work (Tu vei lucra)he/she/it will work (El/Ea va lucra)we will work (Noi vom lucra)you will work (Voi veţi lucra)they will work (Ei/Ele vor lucra)
Future continuousI will be workingyou will be workinghe/she/it will be workingwe will be workingyou will be workingthey will be working
Future perfectI will have workedyou will have workedhe/she/it will have workedwe will have workedyou will have workedthey will have worked
Future perfect continuousI will have been workingyou will have been workinghe/she/it will have been workingwe will have been workingyou will have been workingthey will have been working
Verbe neregulate in EnglezaÎn această lecţie de Engleză se află lista celor mai frecvente verbe neregulate alături de conjugarea verbului neregulat to do (a face), în toate timpurile verbale. Deoarece în limba Engleză verbele neregulate sunt mult mai frecvente decât verbele regulate am creat această lecţie dedicată în totalitate verbelor neregulate. Acum să vorbim despre cum se conjugă un verb neregulat în limba Engleză. Verbele neregulate nu se conjugă cu mult diferit de verbele regulate. Important de reţinut este faptul că verbele neregulate nu au o formă de bază stabilă iar pentru a putea conjuga un verb neregulat trebuie să reţineţi forma verbului la Infinitiv (Infinitive), Trecut (Past tense) şi Participiu trecut (Past participle). În continuare urmează conjugare verbului to do (a face):
Present Present (Prezent) Present continuous
I do (Eu fac) I am doing
you do (Tu faci) you are doing
he/she/it does (El/Ea face) he/she/it is doing
we do (Noi facem) we are doing
you do (Voi faceţi) you are doing
they do (Ei/Ele fac) they are doing
Present perfect Present perfect continuous
I have done I have been doing
you have done you have been doing
he/she/it has done he/she/it has been doing
we have done we have been doing
you have done you have been doing
they have done they have been doing
Past Past tense/Preterite (Trecut) Past continuous
I did (Eu am făcut) I was doing
you did (Tu ai făcut) you were doing
he/she/it did (El/Ea a făcut) he/she/it was doing
we did (Noi am făcut) we were doing
you did (Voi aţi făcut) you were doing
they did (Ei/Ele au făcut) they were doing
Past perfect Past perfect continuous
I had done I had been doing
you had done you had been doing
he/she/it had done he/she/it had been doing
we had done we had been doing
you had done you had been doing
they had done they had been doing
Future Future (Viitor) Future continuous
I will do (Eu voi face) I will be doing
you will do (Tu vei face) you will be doing
he/she/it will do (El/Ea va face) he/she/it will be doing
we will do (Noi vom face) we will be doing
you will do (Voi veţi face) you will be doing
they will do (Ei/Ele vor face) they will be doing
Future perfect Future perfect continuous
I will have done I will have been doing
you will have done you will have been doing
he/she/it will have done he/she/it will have been doing
we will have done we will have been doing
you will have done you will have been doing
they will have done they will have been doing
Concluziile importante pe care le putem extrage din conjugare verbului to do (a face) ar fi:1. verbul to do (a face) îşi schimbă forma de bază în timpurile: Past tense/Preterite(Trecut), Present perfect, Past perfect şi Future perfect.2. în toate celelalte timpuri se conjugă la fel ca şi un verb regulat.În continuare urmează lista creata de noi cu cele mai frecvente verbe neregulate din limba Engleză. În această listă ordonată alfabetic veţi găsi un număr total de 60 de verbe neregulate împarţite în trei categorii Infinitive, Past tense şi Past participle:
Infinitive Past tense Past participle
to be (a fi) was/were been
to become (a deveni) became become
to begin (a începe) began begun
to break (a sparge) broke broken
to bring (a aduce) brought brought
to build (a construi) built built
to buy (a cumpăra) bought bought
to catch (a prinde) caught caught
to choose (a alege) chose chosen
to come (a veni) came come
to cut (a tăia) cut cut
to do (a face) did done
to draw (a desena) drew drawn
to drink (a bea) drank drunk
to drive (a conduce) drove driven
to eat (a mânca) ate eaten
to feel (a simţi) felt felt
to fight (a lupta) fought fought
to find (a găsi) found found
to fly (a zbura) flew flown
to forget (a uita) forgot forgotten
to forgive (a ierta) forgave forgiven
to get (a obţine) got got/gotten
to give (a da) gave given
to go (a merge) went gone
to have (a avea) had had
to hear (a auzi) heard heard
to hold (a ţine) held held
to keep (a ţine) kept kept
to know (a şti) knew known
to learn (a învăţa) learnt learnt/learned
to leave (a pleca) left left
to let (a lăsa) let let
to lie (a minţi) lay lain
to lose (a pierde) lost lost
to make (a face) made made
to mean (a însemna) meant meant
to meet (a întâlni) met met
to pay (a plăti) paid paid
to put (a pune) put put
to read (a citi) read read
to run (a alerga) ran run
to say (a spune) said said
to see (a vedea) saw seen
to sell (a vinde) sold sold
to send (a trimite) sent sent
to set (a pune) set set
to sit (a sta) sat sat
to sleep (a dormi) slept slept
to speak (a vorbi) spoke spoken
to spend (a cheltui) spent spent
to stand (a sta) stood stood
to take (a lua) took taken
to teach (a preda) taught taught
to tell (a spune) told told
to think (a gândi) thought thought
to understand (a înţelege) understood understood
to wear (a purta) wore worn
to win (a câştiga) won won
to write (a scrie) wrote written
Verbe auxiliare in EnglezaVerbele Auxiliare din limba Engleză to be (a fi), to do (a face) şi to have (a avea) ajută alte verbe în formarea timpurilor verbale, a formelor negative şi a întrebărilor. Toate verbele auxiliare precizate anterior fac parte din categoria verbelor neregulate, prin urmare pentru a conjuga verbele auxiliare din limba Engleză trebuie să reţineţi toate cele trei forme importante a verbelor neregulate:
to be (a fi): Infinitive->be, Past tense->was/were, Past participle->been to do (a face): Infinitive->do, Past tense->did, Past participle->done to have (a avea): Infinitive->have, Past tense->had, Past participle->had
Acum vom analiza fiecare verb auxiliar în parte, pentru a înţelege mai bine când şi cum ne pot fi de ajutor verbele auxiliare din limba Engleză:
to be (a fi) ajută la formarea timpurilor verbale continuous to do (a face) ajută la formarea întrebarilor şi negaţiilor to have (a avea) ajută la formarea timpurilor verbale perfect
Exemple de verbe auxiliare în propoziţii:
to be (a fi) I am eating a lot of fruits - Eu mănâncă o mulţime de fructeI was reading the newspaper - Citeam ziarulI was watching football - Mă uitam la fotbal
to do (a face) do you know where can i find...? - ştii unde pot găsi ...?do you like this song? - îţi place melodia asta?do you write the homework now? - scrii temele acum?
to have (a avea) I have become more stronger - Am devenit mai puternicI have eaten something delicious - Am mâncat ceva delicioswe have seen the game up close - Am vazut jocul de aproape