geografie, meteorologie si mediu inconjurator

8/12/2019 Geografie, Meteorologie Si Mediu Inconjurator

1/33

1

GEOGRAFIE, METEOROLOGIE

I MEDIU NCONJURTOR

GEOGRAPHY, METEOROLOGY

AND ENVIRONMENT

An uarul St at ist ic al Rom nie i / Roma nia n St at ist ical Ye arbook


2/33

1

GEOGRAFIE I ORGANIZARE

ADMINISTRATIV-TERITORIAL

1.1 Poziia geografic a Romniei ............................................................

1.2 Lungimea frontierelor Romniei ........................................................

1.3 Principalele altitudini muntoase ........................................................

1.4 Lungimea principalelor cursuri de ap de pe

teritoriul Romniei ..................................................................................

1.5 Principalele lacuri naturale ..................................................................

1.6 Principalele lacuri antropice ................................................................

1.7 Altitudinea medie a principalelor orae din Romnia ................

1.8 Organizarea administrativ a teritoriului Romniei,

la 31 decembrie 2004 .............................................................................

METEOROLOGIE

Temperatura aerului i precipitaiile atmosferice,

pe principalele staii meteorologice, n anul 2004 ......................

1.9 Temperatura aerului (media lunar i anual) ..............................

1.10 Temperatura aerului (maxima absolut i

minima absolut lunar i anual) ....................................................

1.11 Precipitaii atmosferice (cantitatea lunar i anual) .................

MEDIU NCONJURTOR

Resurse naturale

1.12 Ariile protejate, n anul 2004 ...............................................................1.13 Rezervaii ale biosferei, n anul 2004 ................................................

1.14 Parcurile naionale i principalele

parcuri naturale, n anul 2004 .............................................................

1.15 Resursele de ap asigurate, potrivit

gradului de amenajare, n anul 2004 ...............................................

Calitatea factorilor de mediu

1.16 Calitatea apelor de suprafa, n anul 2004 ...................................

1.17 Defolierea arborilor la principalele specii i la toate

vrstele, pe clase de defoliere, n anul 2004 ..................................

Msuri de protecie

1.18 Investiii pentru protecia mediului, pe categorii de

productori i domenii de mediu, n anul 2004 ...........................

1.19 Cheltuieli curente interne pentru protecia mediului,

pe categorii de productori i domenii de mediu,

n anul 2004 ...............................................................................................

GEOGRAPHY AND ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL

ORGANISATION

Geographical position of Romania

Length of Romanias borders

Major mountain peaks

Length of major rivers on Romanian territory

Major natural lakes

Major anthropic lakes

Average height of major towns in Romania

Administrative organisation of Romanian territory,

on December 31, 2004

METEOROLOGY

Air temperature and precipitations, by the main

meteorological stations, in 2004

Air temperature (monthly and yearly average)

Air temperature (monthly and yearly absolute

maximum and absolute minimum)

Precipitations (monthly and yearly quantity)

ENVIRONMENT

Natural resources

Protected areas, in 2004Biosphere reservations, in 2004

National and major natural parks, in 2004

Water resources assured, according to the

arrangement level, in 2004

Environment factors quality

Superficial water quality, in 2004

Trees defoliation, for the main species and all ages, by

defoliation classes, in 2004

Protection measures

Investments for environment protection, by category of

producers and environmental fields, in 2004

Internal current expenditure for environment

protection, by categories of producers and

environmental fields, in 2004

CUPRINS TABELE TABLES CONTENTS


3/33

1

SURSA DATELOR DATA SOURCE

Cercetri statistice:

Cercetarea statistic privind cheltuielile pentru protecia

mediului, completat de operatori economici i unitile

administraiei publice locale.

Surse administrative:

Institutul de Geografie Bucureti;

Inspectoratul General al Poliiei de Frontier din cadrul

Ministerului Administraiei i Internelor;

Ministerul Agriculturii, Pdurilor i Dezvoltrii Rurale;

Administraia Naional de Meteorologie;

Ministerul Mediului i Gospodririi Apelor;

Regia Naional a Pdurilor;

Administraia Naional "Apele Romne".

GEOGRAFIE I ORGANIZARE

ADMINISTRATIV-TERITORIAL

PREZENTARE

Romnia este situat n centrul geografic al Europei

(sud-estul Europei Centrale), la nord de Peninsula Balcanic, la

jumtatea distanei dintre Coasta Atlanticului i Munii Urali, n

interiorul i exteriorul arcului Munilor Carpai, pe cursul inferior

al Dunrii (1075 km) i cu ieire la Marea Neagr.

De altfel, paralela 45N cu meridianul 25E se intersecteazn apropiere de centrul geometric al rii, la 100 km N-V de

capitala rii, Bucureti.

Cu o suprafa de 238391 km2, Romnia este a 12-a ar ca

mrime a Europei.

Ieirea la mare nlesnete legturile cu rile din bazinul

Mrii Negre, bazinul Mrii Mediterane i, prin intermediul

acesteia, cu restul lumii.

Litoralul romnesc al Mrii Negre se desfoar pe 245 km,

ntre grla Musura (grania cu Ucraina) i localitatea Vama Veche

(grania cu Bulgaria).

Relieful Romniei se compune din trei trepte majore: cea

nalt a Munilor Carpai (cel mai nalt vrf Moldoveanu 2544 m),

cea medie care corespunde Subcarpailor, dealurilor i

podiurilor i cea joas, a cmpiilor, luncilor i Deltei Dunrii.

Delta Dunrii, cea mai tnr unitate de relief, n continu

formare, are altitudinea medie de 0,52 m.

Caracteristicile principale ale unitilor de relief sunt

proporionalitatea (31% muni, 36% dealuri i podiuri, 33%

cmpii i lunci) i dispunerea concentric a treptelor majore ale

reliefului.

Clima Romniei este temperat-continental de tranziie, cu

influene oceanice dinspre vest, mediteraneene dinspre

sud-vest i continental-excesive din est. Temperatura medie

multianual este difereniat latitudinal, respectiv 8C n nord i

peste 11C n sud, i altitudinal, cu valori de -2,5C n etajulmontan (Vrfu Omu - masivul Bucegi) i 11,6C n cmpie (oraul

Zimnicea - judeul Teleorman).

Statistical surveys:

Statistical survey on environment protection expenditure, filled

in by economic operators and local public administration

units.

Administrative sources:

Institute of Geography Bucharest;

General Inspectorate of Border Police within the Ministry of

Administration and Interior;

Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Rural Development;

National Administration of Meteorology;

Ministry of Environment and Waters Administration;

National Company of Forests;

National Administration Romanian Waters.

GEOGRAPHY AND

ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL ORGANISATION

DESCRIPTION

Romania is situated in geographical center of Europe

(south-east of Central Europe) at north of Balkan Peninsula at the

half of distance between Atlantic Coast and The Urals, inside and

outside the Carpathians Arch, on the Danube (1075 km) lower

course and has exit to the Black Sea.

Otherwise, parallel 45N with the meridian 25E intersects nearthe geometrical center of the country, 100 km N-V of the country

capital, Bucharest.

Romania is the twelfth country of Europe, having an area of

238391 km2.

The exit to the sea enables the connections with the countries

in the Black Sea basin, in the Mediterranean Sea basin and, by

means of this, rest of the world.

Romanian seaside of the Black Sea is lying on 245 km, between

Musura stream (at the border with Ukraine) and Vama Veche

locality (at the border with Bulgaria).

Romania's reliefconsists of three major levels: the highest one

in the Carpathians (the highest peak Moldoveanu 2544 m), the

middle one which corresponds to the Sub-Carpathians, to the hills

and to the plateaus and the lowest one in plains, meadows and

Danube Delta. The Danube Delta, the youngest relief unit under

permanent formation, has the average height of 0.52 m.

Main features of relief units are proportionality (31%

mountains, 36% hills and plateaus, 33% plains and meadows) and

concentric display of the relief major levels.

Romanias climate is temperate-continental of transition,

with oceanic influences from the West, Mediterranean ones from

South-West and continental-excessive ones from the East.

Multiannual average temperature is latitudinally different, 8C in

the North and over 11C in the South, and altitudinally, with valuesof -2.5C in the mountain floor (Omu peak - Bucegi massif) and

11.6C in the plain (Zimnicea town - Teleorman county).


4/33


5/33

1

Judeul reprezint unitatea administrativ-teritorial tradiional

n Romnia, alct uit din orae i comune, n funcie de

condiiile geografice, economice, social-politice i de legturile

culturale i tradiionale ale populaiei. Teritoriul Romniei este

organizat n 42 de judee (inclusiv Municipiul Bucureti).

Municipiul este un ora cu un rol economic, social, politic i

cultural nsemnat avnd, de regul, funcie administrativ.

Oraul reprezint o concentrare uman cu o funcie

administrativ i un mod de via specific zonelor urbane i o

structur profesional a populaiei n care predomin cea

ocupat n ramurile neagricole.

Comuna este unitatea administrativ-teritorial care cuprinde

populaia rural unit prin comunitate de interese i tradiii, fiind

alctuit din unul sau mai multe sate (din care unul este

reedin de comun).Satul este cea mai mic unitate teritorial, avnd

caracteristicile aezrilor de tip rural.

Oraele principale: Bucureti, Iai, Constana, Timioara,

Galai, Cluj-Napoca, Craiova, Braov, Ploieti, Brila, Oradea,

Bacu, Piteti, Arad, Sibiu.

Porturile principale:

la Marea Neagr: Constana, Mangalia;

la Dunre: Moldova Nou, Orova, Drobeta-Turnu Severin,

Calafat, Corabia, Turnu Mgurele, Zimnicea, Giurgiu,

Oltenia, Clrai, Cernavod, Hrova, Mcin, Brila, Galai,

Tulcea, Sulina.

Aeroporturile principale: Bucureti (Henri Coand-Otopeni i Bneasa), Constana (Mihail Koglniceanu),

Timioara (Traian Vuia), Cluj-Napoca, Iai, Arad, Oradea, Baia

Mare, Trgu Mure, Suceava, Bacu, Deva, Sibiu, Craiova, Tulcea.

Capitala: Municipiul Bucureti (1927559 locuitori, la 1 iulie

2004), mprit n ase sectoare administrative. Prima

menionare documentar dateaz din 20.IX.1459, ca reedin a

lui Vlad epe. Capital a rii Romneti ncepnd din a doua

jumtate a secolului al XVII-lea i Capitala Romniei, din anul

1862, municipiul Bucureti este cel mai important centru politic,

economic i cultural-tiinific al rii.

Limba oficial: limba romn.

Drapelul Romniei este tricolor; culorile sunt aezate vertical

n ordinea urmtoare, ncepnd de la lance: albastru, galben, rou.

Ziua naional a Romniei: 1 Decembrie.

Imnul naional al Romniei este Deteapt-te romne.

Forma de guvernmnt a Romniei este republica:

Republic, conform Constituiei adoptate n 1991 i

modificat n 2003;

Puterea legislativ este reprezentat de un parlament

bicameral (Camera Deputailor i Senatul), iar puterea

executiv este exercitat de guvern, condus de un prim-

ministru desemnat de preedintele rii;

Preedintele rii este ales n baza rezultatelor alegerilor

generale prin scrutin universal pentru un mandat de 5 ani.

Moneda naional: "leu", cu subdiviziunea ban.Cursul monedei naionale este stabilit zilnic pe piaa

valutar interbancar, moneda de referin fiind euro.

Countyrepresents traditional administrative-territorial unit in

Romania, including towns and communes, depending on

geographical, economical and social-political conditions and

population cultural and traditional relations. Romanian territory is

organized into 42 counties (including Bucharest Municipality).

Municipality is a town, with an important economic, social,

political and cultural role, usually having administrative function.

Town represents a human concentration with administrative

function and a life specific to urban areas and with a population

professional structure where the population employed in non-

agricultural branches prevails.

Commune is a territorial-administrative unit which comprises

rural population united by interest and traditional community,

including one or several villages (from which one is commune

residence).Village is the smallest territorial unit, having characteristics of

rural settlements.

Main cities: Bucharest, Iai, Constana, Timioara, Galai, Cluj-

Napoca, Craiova, Braov, Ploieti, Brila, Oradea, Bacu, Piteti,

Arad, Sibiu.

Main harbours:

at the Black Sea: Constana, Mangalia;

at The Danube: Moldova Nou, Orova, Drobeta- Turnu Severin,

Calafat, Corabia, Turnu Mgurele, Zimnicea, Giurgiu, Oltenia,

Clrai, Cernavod, Hrova, Mcin, Brila, Galai, Tulcea,

Sulina.

Main airports: Bucharest (Henri Coand-Otopeni andBneasa), Constana (Mihail Koglniceanu), Timioara (Traian

Vuia), Cluj-Napoca, Iai, Arad, Oradea, Baia Mare, Trgu Mure,

Suceava, Bacu, Deva, Sibiu, Craiova, Tulcea.

The capital: Bucharest Municipality (1927559 inhabitants

on July 1, 2004), organised into six administrative sectors. The first

documentary mention was on 20.IX.1459, as residence of Vlad

epe. Capital of ara Romneasc since the second half of the

XVIIth century and Capital of Romania since 1862, Bucharest

Municipality is the most important political, economic and cultural-

scientific center of the country.

Official language: Romanian.

Flag of Romania: is three - coloured; the colours are placed

vertically in the following order from the lance: blue, yellow, red.

National day of Romania: December, 1.

National anthem of Romania is Wake up, Romanian.

Government form in Romania is the republic:

Republic, according to the Constitution adopted in 1991 and

modified in 2003;

Legislative power is represented by two chamber Parliament

(Chamber of Deputies and Senate), and executive power is

carried out by Government led by Prime Minister nominated by

the countrys President;

President of the country is elected based on general elections

results by universal vote for a 5 years mandate.

National currency: ROL (Romanian Leu), BAN subdivision.The exchange rate is set on the interbank currency market on a

daily basis, reference currency being euro.


6/33

1

PRECIZRI METODOLOGICE

METEOROLOGIE

Cercetarea proceselor i fenomenelor fizice din atmosfera

terestr, care determin starea timpului i clima, are la baz

msurtorile i observaiile meteorologice ce se efectueaz

permanent sau periodic n diferite puncte de pe suprafaa

globului terestru i la diferite nlimi n atmosfera liber.

Programul unitar al msurtorilor i observaiilor, precum i alte

activiti meteorologice se asigur prin colaborare

internaional, n cadrul Administraiei Naionale de

Meteorologie, cu Organizaia Meteorologic Mondial.

Staia meteorologic reprezint punctul de pe suprafaa

terestr unde se efectueaz observaii i msurtori asupratuturor elementelor i fenomenelor meteorologice, conform

programului stabilit. Majoritatea observaiilor, msurtorilor i

determinrilor meteorologice de la staii se efectueaz pe

platforma meteorologic situat pe un teren deschis, tipic

pentru regiunea respectiv, cu dimensionarea standard de

26 m x 26 m.

Pentru cercetarea proceselor i fenomenelor atmosferice i

pentru calculul diferiilor parametri meteorologici i climatici,

este necesar raportarea observaiilor i msurtorilor, care se

realizeaz att n spaiu, ct i n timp.

Programul climatologic reprezint complexul

observaiilor i msurtorilor meteorologice ce se execut lastaii, dup timpul solar mediu local, att la termenele fixe, ct i

continuu n 24 de ore. Permanent, la termenele climatologice

(1, 7, 13, 19 timp solar mediu local) se efectueaz observaii i

msurtori asupra: presiunii atmosferice, vntului, temperaturii

i umezelii aerului, temperaturii suprafeei solului, nebulozitii,

precipitaiilor, vizibilitii orizontale. Continuu, n tot cursul zilei

i nopii se determin caracteristicile tuturor fenomenelor

meteorologice (hidrometeori, litometeori, electrometeori etc.).

Observaiile asupra temperaturii aerului constau n

msurarea temperaturii aerului la termenele stabilite i n

determinarea valorilor maxime i minime ale acesteia n

intervalele de timp dintre aceste termene.

Temperatura aerului se msoar cu instrumente cu citire

direct, psihrometrul cu ventilaie artificial, termometrul de

maxim cu mercur i termometrul de minim cu alcool i cu

aparate nregistratoare (termografe). Pentru ca instrumentele cu

care se msoar temperatura i umezeala aerului s nu fie

influenate direct de radiaia solar, de radiaia terestr, de

precipitaii i de rafalele vntului, ele se instaleaz n adpostul

meteorologic situat la 2 m nlime deasupra solului.

Msurarea cantitilor de ap ce provin din precipitaii

atmosferice sau care se depun din ali hidrometeori se

efectueaz cu ajutorul pluviometrului, iar nregistrarea continu

a precipitaiilor (lichide) se face cu pluviograful. Cantitile deap se msoar zilnic la termenele climatologice (1, 7, 13, 19) i

se exprim prin grosimea stratului de ap czut,

n mm (1mm=1l / m2).

METHODOLOGICAL NOTES

METEOROLOGY

The research of physical processes and phenomena in the

terrestrial atmosphere, which determine the weather and the

climate, relies on the meteorological measurements and

observations, permanently or periodically carried out in different

points on the terrestrial globe surface and at various altitudes in the

free atmosphere. The unitary programme of measurements and

observations, as well as other meteorological activities are assured

by international co-operation within National Administration of

Meteorology, with the World Meteorology Organisation.

The meteorological station represents the point from the

terrestrial surface, where measurements and observations on allmeteorological elements and phenomena are carried out in

keeping with the programme. Most of meteorological observations,

measurements and determinations from the stations are

performed on the meteorological area situated on an open land,

typical for the respective region, with the standard dimension of

26 m x 26 m.

In order to observe the atmospheric processes and phenomena

and to compute various meteorological and climatic parameters, it

is necessary to report observations and measurements, carried out

both in space and over time.

The climatic programme represents the complex of

meteorological observations and measurements performed atstations, according to the local average solar time, both at fixed

deadlines and continuously during 24 hours. Permanently, at the

climatic deadlines (1, 7, 13, 19 local average solar time), the

observations and measurements are done for: atmospheric

pressure, wind, air temperature and humidity, ground surface

temperature, cloudiness, precipitations, horizontal visibility.

Continuously, during all day and night, the characteristics of all

meteorological phenomena (hydrometeors, litometeors,

electrometeors a.s.o.) are determined.

Air temperature observations consist of air temperature

measurement at the observation deadlines and of determining its

maximum and minimum values, during the intervals between the

climatic observation deadlines.

Air temperature is measured with direct reading instruments, the

psychrometer with artificial ventilation, the thermometer of

maximum with mercury and the thermometer of minimum with

alcohol and with recording apparatus (thermographs). In view to

ensure that the instruments for measuring air temperature and

humidity are not directly influenced by the solar, terrestrial radiation,

by precipitations and by wind gusts, they should be placed in the

meteorological shelter situated at 2 meters high above the ground.

The measurement of water quantities coming from

atmospheric precipitations or deposited by other hydrometeors is

carried out by means of pluviometer and the continuous recording

of precipitations (liquids) is performed with the pluviograph. Waterquantities are daily measured at climatic deadlines (1, 7, 13, 19) and

they are expressed by the thickness of the fallen water layer,

in mm (1mm=1l / m 2).


7/33

1

MEDIU NCONJURTOR

Resursele de ap reprezint potenialul hidrologic formatdin apele de suprafa i subterane n regim natural i amenajat,

inventariate la nceputul anului, din care se asigur alimentarea

diverselor folosine.

Ariile naturale protejate, conform O.U.G. nr. 236/2000,

reprezint zone terestre, acvatice i/sau subterane, cu

perimetrul legal stabilit i avnd un regim special de ocrotire i

conservare, n care exist specii de plante i animale slbatice,

elemente i formaiuni biogeografice sau de alt natur, cu

valoare ecologic, tiinific sau cultural deosebit i cuprind:

rezervaii ale biosferei - arii naturale protejate al cror

scop este protecia i conservarea unor zone de habitat

natural i a diversitii biologice specifice. Acestea cuprind

un complex de ecosisteme terestre/i sau acvatice, lacuri i

cursuri de ap, zone umede cu comuniti biocenotice

floristice i faunistice unice, cu peisaje armonioase naturale

sau rezultate din amenajarea tradiional a teritoriului,

ecosisteme modificate sub influena omului i care pot fi

readuse la starea natural, comuniti umane a cror

existen este bazat pe valorificarea resurselor naturale pe

principiul dezvoltrii durabile i armonioase;

parcuri naionale - arii naturale protejate al cror scop este

protecia i conservarea unor eantioane reprezentative

pentru spaiul biogeografic naional, cuprinznd elemente

naturale cu valoare deosebit sub aspect fizico-geografic,

floristic, faunistic, hidrologic, geologic, paleontologic,speologic, pedologic sau de alt natur, oferind posibilitatea

vizitrii n scopuri tiinifice, educative, recreative i turistice;

parcuri naturale - arii naturale protejate al cror scop este

protecia i conservarea unor ansambluri peisagistice n

care interaciunea activitilor umane cu natura de-a

lungul timpului a creat o zon distinct, cu valoare

semnificativ peisagistic i/sau cultural, deseori cu o

mare diversitate biologic;

rezervaii tiinifice - arii naturale protejate al cror scop

este protecia i conservarea unor habitate naturale terestre

i/sau acvatice, cuprinznd elemente reprezentative de

interes tiinific sub aspect floristic, faunistic, geologic,speologic, paleontologic, pedologic sau de alt natur;

rezervaii naturale - arii naturale protejate al cror scop

este protecia i conservarea unor habitate i specii naturale

importante sub aspect floristic, faunistic, forestier,

hidrologic, geologic, speologic, paleontologic, pedologic;

monumente ale naturii - arii naturale protejate al cror

scop este protecia i conservarea unor elemente naturale

cu valoare i semnificaie ecologic, tiinific, peisagistic

deosebite, reprezentate de specii de plante sau animale

slbatice rare, endemice sau ameninate cu dispariia, arbori

seculari, asociaii floristice i faunistice, fenomene geologice

- peteri, martori de eroziune, chei, cursuri de ap, cascade ialte manifestri i formaiuni geologice, depozite fosilifere,

precum i alte elemente naturale cu valoare de patrimoniu

natural prin unicitatea sau raritatea lor.

ENVIRONMENT

Water resources represent the hydrological potential

consisting of the superficial and underground waters, under

natural and arranged conditions, registered at the beginning of the

year, of which the utilities are fed.

Natural protected areas, according to G.P.O. no.236/2000,

represents terrestrial, aquatic and/or underground areas, with

legally settled perimeter and with a special protection and

preservation regime, where wild plants and animal species, bio -

geographic elements and formations or of other nature, with

special ecological, scientific or cultural value exist and include:

reservations of biosphere - protected natural areas whose

purpose is the protection and preservation of a natural habitat

areas and of specific biologic diversity. They include a complex

of terrestrial and/or aquatic eco - systems, lakes and water

courses, humid areas with unique flora and fauna biocenotic

communities, with natural harmonious landscapes or resulted

from the traditional arrangement of the territory, eco - systems

modified under human influence and which could be brought

back to natural state, human communities whose existence is

based on natural resources capitalization based on the durable

and harmonious development principle;

national parks - natural protected areas whose purpose is the

protection and preservation of representative samples for the

national bio - geographic space, including natural elements

with a special value from a physico - geographical aspect,

flora, fauna, hidrological, geological, paleontological,speological, pedological point of view or of another nature,

giving the possibility of visiting them for scientific, educational,

recreative and touristic purpose;

natural parks - natural protected areas whose purpose is the

protec tion and preser vation of landsca pe piles in which

human activities interactions in time created a distinct area,

with landscape and/or cultural significant value, often with a

great biological diversity;

scien tific reserva tion s - natural protected areas whose

purpose is the protection and preservation of terrestrial and/or

aquatic natural habitats, including representative elements of

scientific interest from flora, fauna, geological, speological,paleontological, pedological point of view or of other nature;

natural reservations - natural protected areas whose

purpose is the protect ion and preserv ation of import ant

natural habitats and species from flora, fauna, forestry,

hydrological, geological, speological, paleontological,

pedological p oint of v iew;

natural monuments - natural protected areas whose purpose

is the protection and preservation of natural elements and of

ecological, scientific, landscape special significance,

represented by wild plants and animal species, rare, endemic

or endangered, secular trees, flora and fauna associations,

geological phenomena - caves, erosion aspects, gorges, water

courses, waterfalls and other types of geologicalmanifestations and formations, fosils deposits, and other

natural elements with a natural patrimony value being unique

or rare.


8/33

1

Evaluarea calitii apelor de suprafa const n

monitorizarea parametrilor biologici hidromorfologici, fizico-

chimici, a poluanilor prioritari sau a altor poluani evacuai n

cantiti importante. Potrivit Legii nr. 310/2004, anexa 11,

se disting 5 clase de calitate, definite astfel:

clasa de calitate I - stare foarte bun - nu exist alterri

(sau sunt foarte mici) ale valorilor elementelor fizico-chimice

i hidromorfologice de calitate pentru tipul de corpuri de

ap de suprafa fa de cele asociate n mod normal cu acel

tip n condiii nemodificate;

clasa de calitate II - stare bun - valorile elementelor

biologice de calitate pentru tipul de corp de ap de

suprafa prezint nivele sczute de schimbare datorit

activitilor umane, dar deviaz uor fa de acele valorinormale asociate cu tipul de corpuri de ap de suprafa n

condiii nemodificate;

clasa de calitate III - stare moderat - valorile elementelor

biologice de calitate pentru tipul de corp de ap de

suprafa deviaz moderat fa de acelea care sunt n mod

normal asociate cu tipul de corp de ap de suprafa n

condiii nemodificate. Valorile prezint semne moderate de

perturbare ca urmare a activitilor umane i sunt esenial

perturbate fa de valorile din condiiile de stare bun;

clasa de calitate IV - slab - prezint dovezi de alterri

majore ale valorilor elementelor biologice de calitate pentru

tipul de corpuri de ape de suprafa i n care comunitilebiologice importante deviaz semnificativ de la valorile

normale asociate cu tipul de corpuri de ap de suprafa n

condiii nemodificate;

clasa de calitate V - proast - prezint dovezi de alterri

majore ale valorilor elementelor biologice de calitate pentru

tipul de corpuri de ape de suprafa i n care pri mari din

comunitile biologice importante care sunt n mod normal

asociate cu tipul de corpuri de apa de suprafa n condiii

nemodificate, sunt absente.

Gradul de defoliere a coroanei arborilor este unul dintre

indicatorii care exprim starea de sntate a pdurilor.

Datele privind starea pdurilor provin din sondajele realizate

de ctre Regia Naional a Pdurilor prin reeaua naional de

sondaje permanente, observrile efectundu-se n 3827 de

parcele de sondaj (cu o suprafa de 4x4 km fiecare).

n anul 2004 au fost inventariai selectiv 100041 arbori, din

care 24936 la specia rinoase i 75105 la specia foioase.

Defolierea este evaluat prin proporia frunzelor czute n raport

cu normele stabilite i se detaliaz n 5 clase:

clasa 0: 0-10% = neafectat;

clasa 1: 11-25% = uor;

clasa 2: 26-60% = mediu;

clasa 3: 61-99% = sever;

clasa 4: 100% = uscat.

The evaluation of the superficial waters quality is carried

out by monitoring the biological hidro - morfological parameters,

physico - chemical, the prioritary pollution agents or other pollution

agents evacuated in important quantities. According to Law

no.310/2004, annex 11.5 quality classes are distinguished, defined

as follows:

the first quality class - very good state - no alterations (or

very few) of physico-chemical and hydro-morfological quality

elements value exist for the type of superficial waters bodies as

against those normally associated with specific type in

unchanged conditions;

the second quality class - good state - biological quality

elements values for superficial water body type presents low

levels of change because of human activity, but it slightly

deviate as against those normal values associated withsuperficial water bodies type in unchanged conditions;

the third quality class - moderate state - biological quality

elements values for superficial water body type moderately

deviates as against those which are normally associated with

superficial water body type in unchanged conditions. These

values presents moderate perturbation signs because of

human activities and are essentially perturbated as against the

good state conditions values;

the fourth quality class - poor - presents major alterations

proofs of the biological quality elements values for superficial

water bodies type in which important biological communitiessignificantly deviates from the normal values associated with

superficial water bodies type in unchanged conditions;

the fifth quality class - bad - presents major alterations

proofs of the biological quality elements values for superficials

water bodies type and in which big parts from important

biological communities which are normally associated with

superficial water bodies type in unchanged conditions are

absent.

Tree crown defoliation is one of indicators expressing forests

state of health.

Data on forests state come from the sample surveys carried out

by National Company of Forests through the permanent samplings

national network observations being carried out in 3827

permanent sample lots (on 4x4 Km area).

n 2004, 100041 trees were selectively inventaried of which

24936 resinous and 75105 broad - leaved species.

The defoliation is evaluated by the share of fallen leaves, according

to the set up norms and is divided into 5 classes:

0 class: 0-10% = unaffected;

1 class: 11-25% = slight;

2 class: 26-60% = medium;

3 class: 61-99% = severe;

4 class: 100% = dry.


9/33

1

Investiiile pentru protecia mediului includ cheltuielile

efectuate pentru lucrri de construcii, de instalaii i de montaj,

pentru achiziionarea de utilaje, mijloace de transport, alte

cheltuieli destinate crerii de noi mijloace fixe pentru

dezvoltarea, modernizarea, reconstrucia celor existente, cu

scopul de protecie a mediului. Ele includ, de asemenea,

valoarea serviciilor legate de transferul de proprieti al

mijloacelor fixe existente i al terenurilor (taxe, materiale,

comisioane, cheltuieli de transport de ncrcare - descrcare).

Cheltuielile pentru protecia mediului includ cheltuielile

efectuate pentru desfurarea activitilor de supraveghere i

protecie a mediului, i care se refer la prevenirea sau repararea

pagubelor aduse acestuia.

Cheltuieli curente interne pentru protecia mediului

nsumeaz cheltuielile efectuate pentru operarea, repararea intreinerea instalaiilor i utilajelor pentru protecia mediului de

ctre personalul ntreprinderii. Ele includ salariile i impozitele

aferente i cheltuielile materiale (materii prime, materiale,

combustibili, energie, ap etc.). Cheltuielile curente interne nu

includ cheltuielile pentru achiziionarea de servicii de mediu de

la teri.

Categoriile de productori de servicii pentru protecia

mediului sunt:

productorii specializai - uniti care execut activiti de

protecia mediului ca activitate principal, care se regsesc

n CAEN Rev.1, la: diviziunea 90 (eliminarea deeurilor i a

apelor uzate, asanare, salubritate i activiti similare),diviziunea 37 (recuperarea deeurilor i resturilor de

materiale reciclabile), diviziunea 41 (captarea, tratarea i

distribuia apei) i clasa 5157 (comer cu ridicata al

deeurilor i resturilor);

productorii nespecializai - uniti care execut o

activitate de protecia mediului ca activitate secundar sau

auxiliar la o activitate principal. Activitatea principal nu

este una de protecia mediului. Aceste uniti se regsesc n

sectorul producie (CAEN Rev.1, diviziunile: 10-45, exclusiv

diviziunile: 37, 41);

administraia public local - toate unitile administraiei

publice ale cror competene privesc numai forma

administrativ-teritorial pentru care au fost constituite.

Activitile specifice de protecia mediului sunt grupate

astfel:

prevenirea i combaterea polurii (protecia aerului,

protecia apei, managementul deeurilor, protecia solului

i a apelor subterane);

protecia resurselor naturale i conservarea biodiversitii

(protecia speciilor, arii protejate, remediere i reconstrucie

ecologic, refacerea mediului acvatic, prevenirea

fenomenelor naturale periculoase);

alte activiti (cercetare-dezvoltare, administrare general

a mediului, reducerea zgomotului i a vibraiilor, protecia

mpotriva radiaiilor, educaie, instruire, informare).

Investments for environment protection include the

expenditure made for construction, installations and building

works, for equipment, transport means purchasing, other

expenditure meant to create new fixed assets for the development,

modernization, reconstruction of the already existent ones, having

the purpose of environment protection. They also include the value

of services related to existent fixed assets and land ownership

transfer (taxes, materials, commissions, loading-unloading

transport expenditure).

Environment protection expenditure include all the

expenditure for carrying out the activities of environment

observation and protection and refer to environment damages

prevention or repair.

Current internal expenditure for environment

pro tect ion are made of the expen ditu re for oper atin g, repa irsand maintenance of installations and equipment for

environment protection by enterprise staff. They include

salaries and taxes and material expenditure (raw materials,

materials, fuels, energy, water a.s.o.). The current internal

expenditure do not include environmental services purchased

from thirds.

Categories of service producers for environment

protection are:

specialised producers - units carrying out an activity of

environment protection as their main activity, which are to be

found at CANE Rev.1, at: division 90 (sewage and refuse

disposal, sanitation and similar activities), division 37 (recoveryof waste and scraps of recycled materials), division 41 (water

collection, purification and distribution), and 5157 class

(wholesale of waste and remains);

non-specialised producers - units carrying out an activity of

environment protection as their secondary or auxiliary activity.

Their main activity is not the environment protection. These

units are found in the sector of production (CANE Rev. 1,

divisions: 10-45, excluding divisions 37, 41);

local public administration - units of public administration

whose competences regard only territorial-administrative type

for which they have been created.

Specific activities of environment protection are grouped

as follows:

pollution prevention and reduction (air protection, water

protection, wastes management, soil and underground waters

protection);

natural resources protection and biodiversity

preservation (species protection, protected areas, ecological

remedy and reconstruction, aquatic environment restoration,

prevention of dangerous natural phenomena);

other activities (research-development, environment general

administration, noise and vibrations reduction, protection

against radiation, education, training, looking forinformation).


10/33

Punctul extrem (localitatea) Jude!ul Longitudinea estic"#) Latitudinea nordic"

Extreme point (locality) County Longitude east1) Latitude north

Nord Satul Horodi!tea Boto!ani 26o42'05'' 48

o"5'06''

North Horodi!tea village

Sud Ora!ul Zimnicea Teleorman 25o23'32'' 43

o37'07''

South Zimnicea town

Est Ora!ul Sulina Tulcea 29o4"'24'' 45

o09'36''

East Sulina town

Vest Comuna Beba Veche Timi! 20o"5'44'' 46

o07'27''

West Beba Veche commune

#)Dup#Greenwich. /According to Greenwich.

1.1 POZI!IA GEOGRAFIC"A ROMNIEI GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION OF ROMANIA


11/33

Total" Terestr" Fluvial" Maritim"

Total Land River Sea

Total grani!e 3#49,9 #085,6 #8#6,9 247,4 Total borders

Bulgaria 63#,3 "39," 470,0 22,2 Bulgaria Republica Moldova 68#,3 - 68",3 - Republic of Moldova Serbia !i Muntenegru 546,4 256,8 289,6 - Serbia and Montenegro

Ucraina 649,4 273,8 343,9 3",7 Ukraine

Ungaria 448,0 4"5,9 32," - Hungary

Marea Neagr# #93,5 - - "93,5 Black Sea

Note:Lengths of borders are official only with Serbia and Montenegro and Hungary, the other borders being unilaterally calculated.

km

1.2 LUNGIMEA FRONTIERELOR ROMNIEI

LENGTH OF ROMANIAS BORDERS

Lungimea frontierelor/Border length

Not":Lungimile frontierelor sunt oficializate numai cu Serbia !i Muntenegru !i Ungaria, celelalte frontiere fiind calculate unilateral.


12/33

Denumirea vrfului muntos Denumirea masivului muntos Jude!ul Altitudinea vrfului (m)

Name of peak Name of massif County Height (m)

Moldoveanu F!g!ra" Arge" 2544

Negoiu F!g!ra" Arge", Bra"ov, Sibiu 2535

Parngu Mare Parng Gorj, Hunedoara 25#9

Peleaga Retezat Hunedoara 2509

Omu Bucegi Prahova, Bra"ov, Dmbovi$a 2505

Retezat Retezat Hunedoara 2482

Iezeru Mare Iezer Arge" 2462

P!pu"a Iezer Arge" 239#Pietrosu Rodna Maramure" 2303

Gugu Godeanu Cara"-Severin, Hunedoara 229#

Suru F!g!ra" Sibiu, Vlcea 2283Ineu Rodna Bistri$a-N!s!ud 2279Cindrel Cindrel Sibiu 2244

%tefle"ti Lotru Sibiu, Vlcea 2242

La Om (Piscul Baciului) Piatra Craiului Bra"ov 2238

Godeanu Godeanu Cara"-Severin, Gorj 2229

C!leanu &arcu Cara"-Severin 2#90

&arcu &arcu Cara"-Severin 2#90

Leaota Leaota Dmbovi$a, Arge" 2#33

Vrfu lui P!tru %ureanu Hunedoara 2#30

Ursu C!p!$na Vlcea 2#24

Pietrosu C!liman Suceava, Mure" 2#00

%ureanu %ureanu Hunedoara 2059

Farc!u Maramure" Maramure" #956

Ciuca" Ciuca" Bra"ov, Prahova #954

Toroiaga Maramure" Maramure" #930

Ocola"u Mare Ceahl!u Neam$ #907

Toaca Ceahl!u Neam$ #900

Straja Vlcan Gorj, Hunedoara #868

Budacu Bistri$a Neam$, Suceava #859

Giumal!u Rar !u Suceava #856

Cucurb!ta Mare Bihor Bihor, Alba #849

&ible" &ible" Maramure", Bistri$a-N!s!ud #837

Vl!deasa Vl!deasa Cluj #836Muntele Mare Muntele Mare Alba, Cluj #826

Harghita M!d!ra" Harghita Harghita #800

H!"ma"u Mare H!"ma" Harghita, Neam$ #792

Pietrosu Bistri$a Suceava #79#

Goru Vrancea Buz!u, Vrancea #784

L!c!u$ Vrancea Covasna, Vrancea #777

Saca Gurghiu Mure" #776

Penteleu Penteleu Buz!u #772Vla"cu Mic Mun$ii Cernei Cara"-Severin #733Cozia Cozia Vlcea #668

Grindu" Tarc!u Bac!u #664

Rar!u Rar !u Suceava #650

Nemira Nemira Bac!u #649

Lucina Obcina Mestec!ni" Suceava #588

Cucu Harghita Harghita, Covasna #558Bivolu Stni"oara Neam$ #530

Pa"cani Obcina Feredeu Suceava #495Vrfu lui Stan Mehedin$i Mehedin$i #466Piatra Goznei Semenic Cara"-Severin #447Guti Guti Maramure" #443Poieni$a Mun$ii Metaliferi Alba #437Pade" Poiana Rusc! Timi", Cara"-Severin #374Dmb!u Trasc!u Alba #369

Igni" Guti Maramure" #307Ciomatu Bodoc Harghita #30#Detunata Mun$ii Metaliferi Alba #258Svinecea Mare Alm!j Cara"-Severin #224Leordi" Mun$ii Aninei Cara"-Severin ##60Ple"u Codru Moma Arad, Bihor ###2

Vrfu Cet!$ii Per "ani Bra"ov ##04

M!gura Priei Mese" S!laj 996Drocea Zarand Arad 836

&u$uiatu M!cin Tulcea 467

1.3 PRINCIPALELE ALTITUDINI MUNTOASE

MAJOR MOUNTAIN PEAKS


13/33

Denumirea cursului de ap! Lungimea cursului de ap!(km) Suprafa"a bazinului (km2)

River name Length of the river (km) Basin area (km2)

Dun!re "075 33250#)

Mure# 76" 27890Prut 742 "0990Olt 6"5 24050

Siret 559 42890Ialomi$a 4"7 "0350Some# 376 "5740Arge# 350 "2550Jiu 339 "0080Buz!u 302 5264Dmbovi$a 286 2824Bistri$a 283 7039Jijia 275 5757Trnava Mare 246 6253Timi# 244 5673Cri#ul Alb 234 4240Vedea 224 5430Moldova 2"3 4299Brlad 207 7220

Trnava Mic! "96 207"Prahova "93 3738Neajlov "86 3720Olte$ "85 2663Some#ul Mic "78 3773Suceava "73 2298Bega "70 2362Arie# "66 3005Trotu# "62 4456

#)F!r!afluen$ii care formeaz!bazine de ordinul ". /Excluding the tributaries which form the first degree basins.

1.4 LUNGIMEA PRINCIPALELOR CURSURI DE AP!DE PE TERITORIUL ROMNIEI LENGTH OF MAJOR RIVERS ON ROMANIAN TERRITORY


14/33

Denumirea lacului natural Jude"ul Suprafa"a (ha) Volum (mil. m3

Natural lake name County Area (ha) Volume (mill. m3)

Bucura Hunedoara "0,5 0,5Z!noaga Mare Hunedoara 9,0 ",0Blea Sibiu 4,7 0,2

Clcescu Gorj 3,0 0,"

Sfnta Ana Harghita 22,0 0,6

Z!ton Mehedin$i 20,0 ",0Iezerul Ighiu Alba 5,3 0,2Vintileasca Vrancea 4,7 0,"

Lacul Ro#u Harghita "2,6 0,7B!l!t!u Bac!u 6,0 0,"

Ianca Br !ila 322,0 ",6Movila Miresii Br !ila "80,0 4,5Lacul S!rat-Br!ila Br !ila 39,0 0,2

Oltina Constan$a 2509,0 60,0Iezerul Mosti#tei C!l!ra#i "860,0 "60,0#)

Balta Alb! Buz!u, Br!ila "0"2,0 5,"Jirl!u Br!ila 890,0 5,6Amara-Buz!u Buz!u 600,0 3,6Snagov Ilfov 575,0 "7,3C!ld!ru#ani Ilfov 224,0 4,5Hazarlc Constan$a "68,0 0,8Amara-Ialomi$a Ialomi$a "32,0 2,6

Ta#aul Constan$a 2335,0 57,0Techirghiol Constan$a ""6",0 4",8Mangalia Constan$a 26",0 "5,7Tatlageac Constan$a "78,0 "4,0

Razim Tulcea 4"500,0 909,0Sinoie Constan$a "7"50,0 2"0,7Zmeica Tulcea 5460,0 45,6Siutghiol Constan$a "900,0 88,7

Brate# Gala$i 2""",0 30,0Bistre$ Dolj "867,0 28,0Suhaia Teleorman "094,0 "8,0Lacul Rotund Tulcea 2"9,0 2,0

Dranov Tulcea 2"70,0 2",7Lacul Ro#u Tulcea "445,0 2",7Gorgova Tulcea "377,5 "3,8Lumina Tulcea "367,5 20,5

Merhei Tulcea "057,5 "5,9Furtuna Tulcea 977,5 9,8Mati$a Tulcea 652,5 9,8

Lacuri n depresiuni carstice/Lakes of karstic depressions

Lacuri de baraj natural/ Lakes of natural barrage

#)Volum rezultat din lucr!rile de amenajare pentru iriga$ii. /Volume resulted from planning works for irrigations.

1.5 PRINCIPALELE LACURI NATURALE MAJOR NATURAL LAK ES

Lacuri de lunc! / River meadow lakes

Lacuri din Delta Dun!rii/ Danube Delta lakes

Lacuri n crovuri (depresiuni de tasare) /Clasto-karstic lakes

Limane fluviatile/River banks

Limane fluvio-maritime/ River - maritime banks

Lagune marine/ Maritime lagoons

Lacuri n circuri glaciare/ Lakes of glacial circuses

Lacuri n cratere vulcanice/Lakes of volcanic crater


15/33

Suprafa"a la nivel Volumul la nivel normal

normal de reten"ie (ha) de reten"ie (mil. m3

Area at normal level Volume at normal level

of afflux (ha) of afflux (mill. m3)

Por$ile de Fier Mehedin$i 70000,0#) 2400,0 energie / energy

Ostrovu Mare Mehedin$i 7920,0 800,0 energie / energyStnca-Coste#ti Boto#ani 5900,0 735,0 complex!/ complexIzvorul Muntelui-Bicaz Neam$ 3"00,0 ""30,0 energie / energyStreje#ti Olt 2204,0 202,7 energie / energyIpote#ti Olt "692,0 ""0,0 energie / energyFrunzaru Olt "280,0 96,0 energie / energyIzbiceni Olt "095,0 74,0 energie / energyDr!g!ne#ti Olt "080,0 76,0 energie / energyMih!ile#ti Ilfov "0"3,0 76,3 complex!/ complexVidra Vlcea 950,0 340,0 energie / energyFntnele Cluj 884,0 2"2,9 energie / energyVidraru Arge# 870,0 469,0 complex!/complexDr!c#ani Boto#ani 500,0 6," piscicultur!/ fish breedingSole#ti Vaslui 452,0 "5,8 complex!/complex

Oa#a Alba 447,0 "3",0 energie / energyGura Apelor Hunedoara 420,0 2"0,0 energie / energyC!line#ti Satu Mare 380,0 8,6 complex!/ complexSiriu Buz!u 360,0 "26,0 complex!/complexIovan Gorj 290,0 "20,0 complex!/ complexColibi$a Bistri$a N!s!ud 270,0 65,0 complex!/ complexLacul Morii Municipiul Bucure#ti 256,0 "4,2 complex!/ complexV!c!re#ti Dmbovi$a 234,0 "4," complex!/complexBr!di#or Vlcea 230,0 38,0 complex!/ complexPu#ca#i Vaslui 230,0 8,0 complex!/ complexTarni$a Cluj 2"5,0 70,3 energie / energyPecineagu Dmbovi$a "82,0 63,0 complex!/ complex

1.6 PRINCIPALELE LACURI ANTROPICE MAJOR ANTHROPIC LAK ES

#)ntre confluen$a Nera-Dun!re #i baraj (dup!datele celor dou!hidrocentrale).1)

Nera-Danube and dam confluence (according to the data of the two hydro-power stations).

Denumirea lacului antropic

Anthropic lake name

Jude"ul

County

Categoria de folosin"!

Category of use


16/33


17/33

Total 23839# 3#4 #03 2827 #2957

#. Nord - Est / North - East 36850 45 #7 497 24#3 Bac!u 662# 8 3 80 49" Boto#ani 4986 7 2 70 330 Ia#i 5476 4 2 94 420 Neam$ 5896 5 2 76 344 Suceava 8553 "6 5 96 379 Vaslui 53#8 5 3 8" 449

2. Sud - Est /South - East 35762 35 ## 350 #447 Br!ila 4766 4 " 40 "40 Buz!u 6#03 5 2 82 475 Constan$a 707# "2 3 57 "88

Gala$i 4466 4 2 59 "80 Tulcea 8499 5 " 45 "33 Vrancea 4857 5 2 67 33"

3. Sud - Muntenia / South - Muntenia 34453 48 #6 509 20#8 Arge# 6826 7 3 95 576 C!l!ra#i 5088 5 2 48 "60 Dmbovi$a 4054 7 2 82 353 Giurgiu 3526 3 " 5" "66 Ialomi$a 4453 7 3 52 "27 Prahova 47#6 "4 2 89 405 Teleorman 5790 5 3 92 23"

4. Sud - Vest Oltenia / South - West Oltenia 292#2 40 ## 408 2066 Dolj 74#4 7 3 "04 378 Gorj 5602 9 2 6" 4"" Mehedin$i 4933 5 2 6" 344 Olt 5498 8 2 "04 377 Vlcea 5765 "" 2 78 556

5. Vest /West 32034 42 #2 276 #327 Arad 7754 "0 " 68 270 Cara#-Severin 8520 8 2 69 287 Hunedoara 7063 "4 7 55 457 Timi# 8697 "0 2 84 3"3

6. Nord - Vest /North - West 34#59 42 #5 398 #802 Bihor 7544 "0 4 90 429 Bistri$a-N!s!ud 5355 4 " 56 235 Cluj 6674 6 5 75 420 Maramure# 6304 "3 2 63 2"3

Satu Mare 44#8 5 2 58 224 S!laj 3864 4 " 56 28"

7. Centru / Center 34#00 57 20 354 #784 Alba 6242 "" 4 66 656 Bra#ov 5363 "0 4 47 "49 Covasna 37#0 5 2 39 "22 Harghita 6639 9 4 58 235 Mure# 67#4 "" 4 9" 460 Sibiu 5432 "" 2 53 "62

8. Bucure$ti - Ilfov / Bucharest - Ilfov #82# 5 # 35 #00 Ilfov #583 4 - 35 "00 Municipiul Bucure#ti 238 " " - -

Bucharest Municipality

1.8 ORGANIZAREA ADMINISTRATIV!A TERITORIULUI ROMNIEI, LA 31 DECEMBRIE 2004 ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANISATION OF ROMANIAN TERRITORY, ON DECEMBER 31, 2004

Num!rul

comunelor

Number of

communes

Num!rul

satelor

Number of

villages

Regiunea de dezvoltare

Jude"ul

Development region

County

Suprafa"atotal!

Total area

(km2)

din care:

municipii

of which:

municipalities

Num!rulora$elor

$i municipiilor

Number

of towns

and municipalities


18/33

Satu Mare -"7,7 36,2 648,0Suceava -20,8 34,3 480,5Oradea -"7,2 36,8 740,0Ia#i -"7,0 35,0 58",9Cluj - Napoca -"7,5 34,2 640,4Trgu Mure# -23," 35,2 637,6Bac!u -"6,2 34,0 563,4Timi#oara -"6,8 37,0 706,7Deva -2",5 36,5 752,"Sibiu -22,6 34,3 693,9

Vrfu Omu -30,2 "6,5 8"8,8Gala$i -"5," 34,3 6"3,5Trgu Jiu -"7,2 34,3 "007,3Buz!u -23,5 34,6 500,0Calafat -"6,4 39,2 443,8Turnu M!gurele -"8,4 40,0 370,2Bucure#ti - Filaret -"3,6 35,6 582,0Constan$a -"2,4 3",6 674,6

TEMPERATURA AERULUI "I PRECIPITA#IILE ATMOSFERICE,PE PRINCIPALELE STA#II METEOROLOGICE, N ANUL 2004

AIR TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATIONS,

BY THE MA IN METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS, IN 2004

Sursa: Administra$ia Na$ional!de Meteorologie.

Source : National Administration of Meteorology.

Sta"ia meteorologic!

Meteorological station

Minima absolut!anual!

(grade Celsius)

Yearly absolute

minimum

(Celsius degrees)

Maxima absolut!anual!

(grade Celsius)

Yearly absolute

maximum

(Celsius degrees)

Cantitatea anual!de precipita"ii

(mm)

Yearly average quantity

by precipitations

(mm)


19/33


20/33


21/33


22/33


23/33


24/33


25/33

Num!r Suprafa"a #)(ha)

Number Area1)

(ha)

Rezerva$ii #tiin$ifice 55 """277 Scientific reservations

Parcuri na$ionale "2 304730 National parks

Monumente ale naturii 234 7705 Natural monuments

Rezerva$ii naturale 6"7 204355 Natural reservations

Parcuri naturale "3 728272 Natural parks

Rezerva$ii ale biosferei 3 664446 Biosphere reservations

Sursa: Ministerul Mediului #i Gospod!ririi Apelor. / Source: Ministry of Environment and Waters Administration.

1.12 ARIILE PROTEJATE, N ANUL 2004 PROTECTED AREAS, IN 2004

#)Conform Legii nr. 5/2000 privind Planul de amenajare a teritoriului na $ional - Sec$iunea a III-a - zone protejate #i a H.G. nr.2"5"/2004 privindinstituirea regimului de arie natural!protejat!pentru noi zone.

1) According to Law no.5 / 2000 regarding the Plan for arranging the national territory - Third Section - protected areas and the Government Decision

no.2"5"/ 2004 regarding the protected natural area regime for new areas.


26/33

Denumirea rezerva"iei Jude"ul Suprafa"a #)(ha)

Name of reservation County Area1)

(ha)

Total 664446

Delta Dun!rii / Danube Delta Tulcea, Constan$a 580000Retezat Hunedoara 38047Rodna Maramure#, Bistri$a-N!s!ud, Suceava 46399

Source: Ministry of Environment and Waters Administration.

Sursa: Ministerul Mediului #i Gospod!ririi Apelor.

#)Conform Legii nr. 5/2000 privind Planul de amenajare a teritoriului na $ional - Sec$iunea a III-a - zone protejate.

1.13 REZERVA#II ALE BIOSFEREI, N ANUL 2004 BIOSPHERE RESERVA TIONS, IN 2004

1) According to Law no. 5 / 2000 regarding the Plan for arranging the national territory - Third Section - protected areas.


27/33

Denumirea parcului Jude"ul Suprafa"a #)(ha)

Name of park County Area1)

(ha)

Parcuri na"ionale - total / National parks - total 304730

Domogled-Valea Cernei Cara#-Severin, Mehedin$i, Gorj 60"00Rodna Bistri$a-N!s!ud, Maramure#, Suceava 46399Retezat Hunedoara 38047

Cheile Nerei-Beu#ni$a Cara#-Severin 37"00Semenic-Cheile Cara#ului Cara#-Severin 36665C!limani Bistri$a-N!s!ud, Suceava, Mure# 2404"Cozia Vlcea "7"00Piatra Craiului Arge#, Bra#ov "4800Mun$ii M!cinului Tulcea ""32"Ceahl!u Neam$ 8396Cheile Bicazului-H!#ma# Neam$, Harghita 6575Buila-Vntur!ri$a Vlcea 4"86

Principalele parcuri naturale - total /Major natural parks - total 728272

din care: / of which:

Mun$ii Maramure#ului Maramure# "48850 Por$ile de Fier Cara#-Severin, Mehedin$i ""5656 Geoparcul Platoul Mehedin$i Mehedin$i "06000

Geoparcul Dinozaurilor %ara Ha$egului Hunedoara "02392 Mun$ii Apuseni Alba, Bihor, Cluj 75784 Bucegi Arge#, Bra#ov, Dmbovi$a, Prahova 32663

regimului de arie natural!protejat!pentru noi zone.

Sursa: Ministerul Mediului #i Gospod!ririi Apelor.Source: Ministry of Environment and Waters Administration.

1.14 PARCURILE NA#IONALE "I PRINCIPALELE PARCURI NATURALE, N ANUL 2004 NATIONAL AND MAJOR NATURAL PARKS, IN 2004

#)Conform Legii nr. 5/2000 privind Planul de amenajare a teritoriului na $ional - Sec$iunea a III-a - zone protejate #i a H.G. nr. 2"5"/2004 privind instituirea

1) According to Law no. 5 / 2000 regarding the Plan for arranging the national territory - Third Section - protected areas and the Government Decision

no. 2"5"/ 2004 regarding the protected natural area regime for new areas.


28/33

Surse de ap!/Water sources

Bazine hidrografice/ Hydrographic basins

Total 40#4#

Ape de suprafa"!/ Superficial waters 34#43

Ruri interioare /Inland rivers "4"43

Tisa 256 Some# 7"5 Cri#uri 394 Mure# "262

Spa$iul Banat #) 608

Jiu 2"09 Olt "792 Vedea 40 Arge# "67" Ialomi$a 430 Siret "955 Prut 726

Alte bazine2)/ Other basins 2) 2"85

Dun!rea/ The Danube 20000

Ape subterane /Underground waters 5998

Sursa: Administra$ia Na$ional!"Apele Romne".Source: National Administration "Romanian Waters".

1.15 RESURSELE DE AP!ASIGURATE, POTRIVIT GRADULUI DE AMENAJARE, N ANUL 2004 WATER RESOURCES ASSURED, ACCORDING TO THE ARRANGEMENT LEVEL, IN 2004

milioane m3/ an

million m3

/ year

#)Spa$iul Banat /Banat Space = Bega, Cara#, Brzava, Timi#, Cerna, Nera.2)Alte bazine / Other basins = C!lm!$ui - Olt, C!lm!$ui - Buz!u.


29/33

Total lungimi

pe ruri

supravegheate

Total length of

monitored

rivers

Total 22569 25#5 8566 7323 32#2 953

Tisa 524 "9 24" 204 3" 29Some# #799 - 678 730 206 "85Cri#uri 997 - 454 486 57 -Mure#-Aranca 2434 394 ""76 598 228 38

Spa$iul Banat #) #377 - 930 234 2"3 -Jiu #2#4 4"9 495 263 "" 26Olt 2443 290 353 963 709 "28Vedea 875 - 32 332 448 63Arge# 2369 32 ""3" 9"3 "68 "25

Ialomi$a 2) #327 29 223 577 472 26

Siret 4#35 "332 "459 997 "37 2"0Prut #642 - 699 444 398 "0"Dun!rea / The Danube #075 - 695 374 6 -Litoral / Seaside 358 - - 208 "28 22

Source: National Administration "Romanian Waters".

2)Inclusiv rul C!lm!$ui. / Including C#lm#$ui river.

km

#)Spa$iul Banat / Banat Space = Bega, Cara#, Brzava, Timi#, Cerna, Nera.

din care: / of which:

Bazine hidrografice

Hydrographic basinsClasa I

The first

class

Clasa II

The second

class

Clasa III

The third

class

Clasa V

The fifth

class

1.16 CALITATEA APELOR DE SUPRAFA#!, N ANUL 2004 SUPERFICIAL WATER QUAL ITY, IN 2004

Clasa IV

The fourth

class

Sursa: Administra$ia Na$ional!"Apele Romne".


30/33

Suprafa"a

p!durilor

(mii ha)

Forests area neafectat u$or mediu sever uscat

(thou hectares) unaffected slight medium severe dry

Total "ar! 6222 62,5 25,8 #0,3 0,8 0,6Total country

- r!#inoase #852 70,7 2",7 6,7 0,5 0,4 coniferous

- foioase 4370 59,8 27,2 "",5 0,9 0,6 broad-leaved

Clasa de defoliere

Defoliation class

(%)

1.17 DEFOLIEREA ARBORILOR LA PRINCIPALELE SPECII "I LA TOATE VRSTELE, PE CLASE DE DEFOLIERE, N ANUL 2004 TREES DEFOLIATION, FOR THE MAIN SPECIES AND AL L AGES,

BY DEFOLIATION CLASSES, IN 2004


31/33

Protec"ia

resurselor

naturale $i

conservarea

sol $i ape biodiversit!"ii

subterane Natural resources

soil and protection and

underground biodiversity

waters preservation

Total #5546725,7 47##00#,8 4796597,9 4#75424,7 #065326,3 273786,9 524588,#

Total 9839009,9 4708225,4 #5694##,7 2#27887,2 #0#9247,9 #88059,6 226#78,#

Industrie extractiv! 230#202,3 "3"7359,7 "23799,3 55486,9 678"09,5 "05250,2 2""96,7Mining and quarrying

Industrie prelucr!toare 54302#4,4 2537406,9 "093338,7 "4265"7,2 "75929,9 52870," "44"5",6Manufacturing

Produc$ia, transportul #i distribu$iade energie electric!#i termic!,gaze #i ap!cald! 20#5##9,3 8"7663,4 345437,0 628689,6 "58396,3 29262,2 35670,8Electric and thermal energy,

gas and hot water production,

transport and distribution

Construc$ii 92473,9 35795,4 6836,7 "7"93,5 68"2,2 677," 25"59,0Construction

Total 28#8530,7 2776,4 847668,5 #822782,3 42593,4 - #027#0,#

Recuperarea de#eurilor #i resturilorde materiale reciclabile 9676#2,4 "7"6,3 "836,6 9"4849,3 4908,3 - 4430",9

Recovery of wastes andremains of recycled materials

Captarea, tratarea #i distribu$ia apei 957070,8 53",6 842"94,5 3"692,4 37"35,3 - 455"7,0Water catchment, treatment

and distribution

Comer$cu ridicata al de#eurilor#i resturilor 245339,3 - - 234305,8 - - ""033,5Wholesale trade of wastes

and remains

Eliminarea de#eurilor #i a apeloruzate; asanare, salubritate#i activit!$i similare 648508,2 528,5 3637,4 64"934,8 549,8 - "857,7Wastes and used waters refusal;

reclamation, sanitation

and similar activities

Total 2889#85,# - 23795#7,7 224755,2 3485,0 85727,3 #95699,9

Administra$ie public!local! 2889#85,# - 23795"7,7 224755,2 3485,0 85727,3 "95699,9Local public adminstration

by environmental fields:

Administra"ie public!/ Public administration

Produc!tori nespecializa"i /Non-specialised producers

Produc!tori specializa"i/ Specialised producers

1.18 INVESTI#II PENTRU PROTEC#IA MEDIULUI, PE CATEGORII DE PRODUC!TORI "I DOMENII DE MEDIU, N ANUL 2004 INVESTMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION, BY CATEGORY OF PRODUCERS

AND ENVIRONMENTAL FIELDS, IN 2004

Sectoare de activitate

Activity sectors

Total

Alte

domenii

Otherfields

milioane lei pre"uri curente /milion lei current prices

de$euri

wastes

ap!

water

aer

air

Prevenirea $i combaterea polu!rii,

pe domenii de mediu:

Prevention and control of pollution,


32/33


33/33

U.M. = unitate de msurM.U. = measurement unit

mm = milimetru= millimetre

m = metru= metre

m2 = metru ptrat= square metre

m3 = metru cub= cubic metre

ha (10000 m2) = hectar= hectare

km = kilometru= kilometre

km2 = kilometru ptrat= square kilometre

microgr. = microgram= microgram

mg = miligram= miligram

g = gram= gram

kg = kilogram= kilogram

t = ton= tonne

tdw = ton deadweight= tonne deadweight

l = litru= litre

dal = decalitru= decalitre

hl = hectolitru= hectolitre

W = watt= watt

kW = kilowatt= kilowatt

kWh = kilowatt - or= kilowatt - hour

kVA = kilovoltamper= kilovoltamper

MVA = megavoltamper= megavoltamper

CP = cal putereHP = horse power

kcal = kilocalorie= kilocalorie

Gcal = gigacalorie= gigacalorie

kO = kilooctet= kilooctet

'' = secund= second

' = minut= minute

h = or= hour

0 = grad= degree

nr. = numrno. = number

% = procent=percentage

mii = miithou = thousands

mil. = milionmill. = million

mild. = miliardbn = billion

echiv. = echivalentequiv. = equivalent

S.A. = substan activA.S. = active substance

buc. = bucatpcs. = pieces

per. = pereche=pair

garnit. = garnitur= set

PRESCURTRI FOLOSITE PENTRU UNITILE DE MSURABBREVIATIONS USED FOR UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

SIMBOLURI FOLOSITESYMBOLS USED

- = nu e cazul= data not applicable

... = lips date= data not available

~ = date nensumabile= nontotalized data

G = grafich

*) = date mai mici dect 0,5= magnitude less than 0.5

**) = date mai mici dect 0,05= magnitude less than 0.05

***) = date mai mici dect 0,005= magnitude less than 0.005

geografie, meteorologie si mediu inconjurator

Documents