engleza rezolvari
TRANSCRIPT
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Exercise 1/pag.7
e 1.2 Listen again and match the questions (1 7) to the answers (a g).
1. Can you tell me your full name, please?
2. Can you tell me why you are here
today?3. Have you had any serious illnesses in the
past?
4. Have you ever had any operations?
5. Now, are you takin any medi!ations at the
moment?
". #o you have any alleries to any
medi!ations?
$. Can you tell me the name of your ne%t of
kin?
& 'es, it(s #oreen )ary Chad.
e& *ell, +(ve ot hih lood pressure, and +(m
here for some tests.d& 'es, + had a mild heart atta!k last year.
& No, +(m very lu!ky. + never have.
f& 'es, my do!tor put me on some lood
pressure talets after my heart atta!k.
a& Not that + know of.
!& +t(s my son, -eremy, -eremy Chad.
f In pairs omp!ete the fo!!owing acti"e !istening strategies using the words and phrases in the #ox
1. Have you ever had any operations?
2. Now, are you takin any medi!ations at the
moment?
3. Can you tell me why you are here today?
4. Have you had any serious illnesses in the
past?
5. #o you have any alleries to any
medi!ations?
a& + had my appendi% out when + was fourteen.
& + take aspirin every day for my arthritis.
!& +(m here for a !hest / ray.
d& + had pneumonia two years ao.
e& +(m alleri! to nuts.
Exercise 2/pag.7
2 # omp!ete the fo!!owing acti"e !istening strategies using the words and phrases in the #ox
Eye contact mm nodding your head hm I see
1. 0sin e%pressions su!h asReally?, Is that right?, I see andYes or No.
2. )akin listenin noises like mmand hmshows that you are interested in what the speaker is
sayin.
3. eanin towards the other person and nodding your headalso show interest.
4. milin while maintainin eye contactputs a patient at ease.
Exercise $/pag.%
$ a. In pairs& answer the fo!!owing questions.
1. *hat is the !ardia! !y!le?
he !ardia! !y!le is a term referrin to all or any of the events related to the flow or lood
pressurethat o!!urs from the einnin of one hearteatto the einnin of the ne%t. he !ardia!
!y!le !onsists of two phases, the diastole phase and the systole phase.
+n the diastole phase, the heart ventri!lesare rela%ed. he valves lo!ated etween the atria and
ventri!les are open, allowin lood to flow throuh to the ventri!les 6ventri!ular fillin stae&.
+n the systole phase, the ventri!les !ontra!t and pump lood to the arteries. he riht ventri!lesends lood to the luns via the pulmonary artery while the left ventri!le pumps lood to the aorta.
1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_soundshttp://biology.about.com/library/organs/heart/blventricles.htmhttp://biology.about.com/library/organs/heart/blarteries.htmhttp://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/a/aa041207a.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_soundshttp://biology.about.com/library/organs/heart/blventricles.htmhttp://biology.about.com/library/organs/heart/blarteries.htmhttp://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/a/aa041207a.htm -
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2. *hat does the heart do durin a hearteat?
he lood enters the riht atrium, one of the upper re!eivin !hamers of the heart. 7lood is
pumped throuh the tri!uspid valve into the riht ventri!le. he riht ventri!le pumps de8
o%yenated lood away from the heart throuh the 8shaped pulmonary artery into the lunswhi!h re8o%yenate the lood and return it to the heart throuh pulmonary vein. 9%yenated
lood enters the heart via the left atrium and is pumped to the left ventri!le. :rom here the lood is
pumped around the entire ody.
3. *hat symptoms does a person have if there is not enouh lood flow throuh the heart?
+rreularities in lood flow due to lo!kaes in the lood vessels !an lead to heart diseases.
9ur heart re!eives its lood from the !oronary arteries. ;s we row older, we damae those on!e8
supple arteries with stress, fast food,not enouh e%er!ise and ae. 9ver de!ades, they !olle!t
p!aque 6or fatty deposits& alon their inner walls, !ausin them to harden and narrow. his
!ondition is known as atherosc!erosis. 0n!he!ked, atheros!lerosis may worsen and e!ome
coronar' arter' disease6also known as coronar' heart disease&. ;s CH# advan!es, a numerof thins !an happen. :or e%ample, if a portion of your heart mus!le is re!eivin some 88 ut not
enouh 88 o%yen due to partially lo!ked arteries, it wonui!kly eins to die. his,
typi!ally, is your heart attac*6or m'ocardia! infarction&.
here are other symptoms that o alon with poor lood !ir!ulation affe!tin the heart, high
blood pressureand rise in the level of cholesterol. Tirednessand breathlesso!!ur when !ommon
tasks like !limin stairs or walkin a stret!h are performed.
4. ;s an +C0 nurse + should ive a rief introdu!tion on !ardia! !y!le to my patients, espe!ially to
those that underwent !ardia! surery, e%perien!ed a !ardia! arrest or any form of !oronary heart
disease. +t is important to e%plain them how the heart works and what was the parti!ular
malfun!tion, where was reistered in the !y!le, that led to their heart !ondition, makin so the
a!knowledement and a!!eptan!e of their medi!al !ondition as easy as possile. his will help to
estalish a !ir!le of trust etween me and the patients, winnin their !onfiden!e must e one of
my maor !on!erns durin the medi!al !are pro!ess, helpin me to help the patient himself.
$. #. +ead the patient information !eaf!et. In pairs discuss what the fo!!owing parts of the heart
do.
he atria / he atrium (plural: atria), sometimes !alled auric!e& a separate part of
the main atria known as the atrial appendaes,refers to a !hamer or
spa!e, in whi!h lood enters the heart. #eo%yenated lood enters the
right atrium, one of the upper re!eivin !hamers of the heart. he
left atrium, the other upper re!eivin !hamer, re!eives o%yenated lood
from theleft and riht pulmonary veins.
2
http://health.howstuffworks.com/how-stress-works.htmhttp://recipes.howstuffworks.com/fast-food.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/sports-physiology.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/life-stages/aging/aging.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/what-happens-during-a-heart-attack.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_appendagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_veinshttp://health.howstuffworks.com/how-stress-works.htmhttp://recipes.howstuffworks.com/fast-food.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/sports-physiology.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/life-stages/aging/aging.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/what-happens-during-a-heart-attack.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_appendagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_veins -
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he valves / he !ardia! !y!le relies on the effi!ien!y of the four valves etween
the atria, the ventri!les and the pulmonary lood vessels / tricuspid
6riht atrium / riht ventri!le&, bicuspid/mitral 6left atrium / left
ventri!le&, aortic valve 6left ventri!le / aorta& and pulmonary valve
6riht ventri!le / pulmonary artery& hese valves open to let in
suffi!ient lood flow to fill ea!h heart !hamer and then shut toprevent the a!kflow of lood.
he ventri!les / he right ventricle pumps de8o%yenated lood away from the heart
throuh the 8shaped pulmonary artery. 9%yenated lood enters the
heart throuh the left atrium and is pumped to the left ventricle. he
left ventri!le is en!ased in thi!ker !ardia! mus!le than the riht side
e!ause it has to pump o%yenated lood around the entire ody via
the aorta, the larest artery.
he pulmonary vein / Caries re8o%yenatedloodfrom the luns throuh thepulmonary vein
into the leftatrium. here are four pulmonary veins, two from ea!h lun.
hey !arry o%yenatedlood, whi!h is unusual sin!e almost all other
veins!arry deo%yenated lood.he pulmonary artery / he riht ventri!le pumps de8o%yenated lood away throuh the 8
shapedpulmonary arteryinto the luns.he aorta / he left ventri!le is en!ased in thi!ker !ardia! mus!le than the riht side
e!ause it has to pump o%yenated lood around the entire ody viathe aorta, the larest artery of the ody.
Exercise ,/pag.1-
,. #. usana uses se"era! informa! expressions to create a friend!' and re!axed re!ationship with
the patient. atch the expressions from the dia!ogue (17) to their meaning (a g).
1. have a !hat
2. a it of a sho!k
3. a it flushed
4. wat!h for
5. +(ll ust ra a !hair
". fired up
$. keep an eye on
e. dis!uss
. unpleasant surprise
!. ruddy@red !omple%ion
d. take noti!e
. +(m oin to sit down
f. enthusiasti!
a. monitor
,. c. omp!ete the strategies for putting a patient at ease (1,) using the words in the #ox. 0hen
match them to the rationa!es (ad).
udemental rapport positive same level
1. it at the same level as the patient.
2. )ake positive responses whilst noddin
your head.
3. #on(t make udemental !omments.
4. 0se humour to estalish a ood rapport
with your patient.
a. his en!ouraes patients in their attempts
at learnin new information.
. his shows respe!t for the patient(s riht
to make de!isions aout health!are.
!. his !an lihten the atmosphere and help
patient rela%.
d. his help patients feel that you are
interested in talkin to them rather than over
them.
3
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_ventriclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_ventriclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_arteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrium_(anatomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenation_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_ventriclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_ventriclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_arteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrium_(anatomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenation_(medical)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veins -
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Exercise /pag.11
. c. Listen again and mar* the fo!!owing statements 0rue (0) or a!se ().
1. She does not manage her ADLs at home by herself. (T)
2. he has een >uite distressed.(0)
3. Her 7A at 1B am was 2BB@1B5. (0)4. Her pulse was 88 at 10 am. (F)
5. he porter has een ooked for tomorrow. ()
. d. atch the a##re"iation ( 1 1,) to their meanings (a n)
1. 7A
2. A
3. >ds
4. )+
5. +N". H9
$. 4D
E. !@o
F. sl
1B. 9211. GC
12. ;#s
13. At.
14. 9s.
. lood pressure
m. pulse
. four hourly, or every four hours= also 4/24
f. myo!ardial infar!tion, or heart atta!k
l. ly!eryl trinitrate= also !alled nitrolinual !.!. enior House 9ffi!er
. four times a day
h. !omplain of
e. sulinual, or under the the tonue
n. o%yen
d. ele!tro!ardioram
a. a!tivities of daily livin
k. patient
i. osevation
4
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. e. Listen again and comp!ete the fo!!owing extract using the a##re"iation in
iht, now )rs Cho in ed numer five. )rs Cho was readmitted yesterday e!ause of
un!ontrolled hypertension. 'ou
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Exercise 1/pag.1
1. d. 3nother patient& rs. mits handed o"er. se information from the 8atient +ecord tocomp!ete what was said
J"K he last thin to rememer is to re!ord the hihest of the three readins on
your #aily e!ord Chart.
J5K ;fter that, + want you to low into the peak flow meter two more times.
[3 !e"t# blow as hard and as fast as you $an w%th one breath.
J1K iht, first of all, ust move the red indi!ator to the ottom of the numered
s!ale, like this.
J2K Now, stand up. ake a deep reath and try to fill your luns as mu!h as you
!an.
J4K )ake a note of the final position of the marker.
Exercise 2/pag.1
2. #. omp!ete the strategies for gi"ing instructions effecti"e!' (1;) using the
words and phrases in the #ox.
at the same level demonstrate +(m oin to tea!h you how to understood
repeat smilin firstly se!ondly hat
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Exercise ,/pag.17
,. a. Listen to the con"ersation and !a#e! the parts of the respirator' s'stem using the words in the#ox.
nasa! ca"it' a!"eo!i throat or phar'nx windpipe or trachea ora! ca"it'
"oice #ox or !ar'nxp!eura! mem#rane epig!ottis intercosta! space #ronchus
ora, cavit&
,ar&n3/voice %o3
%ronch's
a,veo,i
epi(,ottis
-indpipe/trachea
p,e'ra, mem%rane/
intercosta, space
ri%s
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Exercise =/pag.1%=. d. atch the medica! terms to their ( 1 7) to their meanings (a g)
1. inspiration
2. inspiratory rate
3. respirations
4. respiratory rate
5. e%piration
". e%piratory rate
$. M 4@min.
e. enior House 9ffi!er
d. four times a day
!. !omplain of
f. sulinual, or under the the tonue
. o%yen
. ele!tro!ardioram
a. a!tivities of daily livin
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Exercise 7/pag.2-
7. #. atch the a##re"iations from the 8atient +ecord (1 =) to their meanings (a f)
1. 0+
2. 97
3.
4. C
5. p@f ". At ed.
e. upper respiratory tra!t infe!tion
f. shortness of reath@diffi!ulty reathin 6dyspnoea&
a. respiratory rate
!. !hest 8ray
. peak flow= the most air whi!h is e%pired. patient edu!ation
Exercise 7/pag.21
7. f.
1. apnoea
2. radypnoea
3. eupnoea
4. ta!hypnoea
5. dyspnoea
. the patient is not reathin at all
d. the patient(s reathin is slow rate= the respiratory
rate is less than 12 reaths per minute
e. the patient is reathin a normal respiratory rate
/ etween 12 and 2B reaths per minute
!. the respiratory rate is rapid= it has in!reased to
etween 2B and 3B reaths per minute
a. the patient has laoured reathin or diffi!ulty
reathin
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Exercise 1/pag.2$
1. f. atch the medica! terms and a##re"iation (1 7) to their meaning (a g).
1. CN
2. A#
3. #oppler
4. us
5. spike a temperature
". + ;s
$. ;C
f. Clini!al Nurse pe!ialist
. Aeripheral as!ular #isease
. ultrasound devi!e whi!h measures lood flow
throuh arteries and veinsa. mi!roes
!. have episodes of pyre%ia
d. antiioti!s whi!h are iven throuh a vein
e. a!uum ;ssisted Closure= also pronoun!ed &ac
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Exercise 2/pag.2$
2. a. atch the #eginnings (1 ) to the endings (a e) to comp!ete the questions.
1. *ould you mind
2. *hat would you re!ommend
3. *hat do you think
4. *hat do you suest we5. #o you think it(s a ood idea
!. ivin me some advi!e on his wound !are
manaement?
a. that we !hane to?
e. + should do with this ul!er?
. use?d. to try that instead of the dressin they(re usin
now?
2. #. atch the sentences in Exercise 2a to the most !i*e!' responses.
1. *hat do you think + should do with this ul!er?
*ell, + think the first thin to do is to reassess the wound.
2. *hat do you suest to use?
+
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Exercise $/pag.2
$. #.
1. ne!rosis
2. es!har
3. dessi!ation
4. inflamation
5. swa
". slouh
$. deridment
E. !ellulitis
h.death of !ells and livin tissue
a.dry, la!k, ne!roti! tissue
.dryin out
.swellin !aused y infe!tion
d.a small pie!e of material whi!h is used to take
samples of ody fluids
e.dead tissue whi!h separates from healthy tissue
after infe!tion
f.the removal of dead tissue
!.inflammation of the tissue under the skin, often
!aused y an infe!tion
$. e. omp!ete the fo!!owing sentences using the words in the #ox and then match the sentencesto
the photos in Exercise $a
!ellulitis slouh es!har inflammation swa ne!rosis desi!!ation deridement
1. )rs. imenes has an area of necrosis,or dead t%ssue# on her left lower le. here are la!kened
areas, or eschar, on the upper wound. hese areas will e suri!ally derided tomorrow.
photoOOOOO
2. )r Gdwards has cellulitisin the lo'er leg "he 'ound is sho'ing signs of dryin out, or
desiccation/ there is >uite a lot of skin flakin off his le.
photoOOOOO
3. he skin surroundin )rs Heath
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Exercise ,/pag.2=
,. #. $.$ >ou are attending a 84 training session gi"en #' a wound management !inica!
:urse pecia!ist& r ?ohn imp*ins& on wound #ed preparation. Listen and tic* the medica!
terms 'ou hear (1;).
1. well 8 vas!ularised
2. viale
$. ne!roti! tissue
,. hih a!terial load. e%udate
=. ma!eration
7. !hroni!
;. skin raft
!. ood lood !ir!ulation is a!hieved, and the tissue
are supplied with o%yen and other nutrients
. ale to row or survive
h. dead tissue
e. a hih level of infe!tion !arried y the tissuesf. ooPe or dis!hare from the wound
. e%!essive softness !aused y too mu!h moister
d. lon / term or onoin
a. the transplantation of skin from another part of the
ody to a wound whi!h !annot heal on its own.
Exercise /pag.2;
. c. @.$& 0he con"ersation contains se"era! examp!es of as*ing for and gi"ing ad"ice& Listen again
and match the requests (1,) to the ad"ice (aAd).
1. QrisPtina what do you suest + !lean the
wound with?
2. Can you ive me some advi!e on lookin
after this at home?
$. *hat should + do aout the antiioti!s?
,. hould + et a medi!al !ertifi!ate
c.+ts est to flush it with lots of Normal aline
efore you do the dressin
a.ure ... +(d like you to keep it !lean and dry and !ome
to 9utpatients to have the dressin !haned daily.
d.'ou(ll e pres!ried some antiioti!s y the do!tor a
it later. 'ou(ll et a s!ript whi!h you !an take to the
hospital pharma!y to e filled.
#.'es, that(d e a ood idea.
. e. atch the medica! terms (1-12) to their meanings (ai).
1. ranulated
2. slouhy
$. ma!erated
,. inflamed
. serous
=. haemoserous
7. purulent
;. odour%. non / adhesive dressin6N;#&
1-. antimi!roial
11. hydratin
12. inta!t wound
g. !ontainin !onne!tin tissue found in healthy
wounds.
d.!ontains dead tissue whi!h fails off a wound durin
an infe!tion
i. softened e!ause of e%!ess of moisture.
*.red and swollen e!ause of an infe!tion
a.with yellowish fluid or lood serumB. yellowish fluid tined with red lood !ells
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f. full of puss, a yellow or reen dis!hared found in
an infe!ted wound,
!. smell 6usually unpleasant&.
c. a dressin whi!h does not sti!k to the wound
h. somethin whi!h treats infe!tive mi!rooranism
#. addin moisture to somethin
e. the dressin is sealed and !annot e lifted off for
viewin
Exercise 1/pag.$-
1. d. >ou are Loo* at the rest of the con"ersation and comp!ete usanCs quest ions.
usan: How often do you see your lo!al do!tor?
)rs QimL + see her at least on!e a month for a !he!kup.
usanL How many times a day do you !he!k your 7s, your lood suar levels?
)rs QimL ;t the moment + !he!k efore meals and ust efore + o to ed.usanL Do you f%nd %t easy to use the glu$ometer-
)rs QimL +tuite well. )y A showed me how to use it.
usanL *hat+s good. , )now what you mean they are a b%t d%ff%$ult at f%rst.
How frequently do you have a urine test to !he!k your kidney fun!tion?
Exercise $/pag.$2
$. c. ,.2 Listen again and comp!ete the fo!!owing sentences.
1. 'ou
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.0se impersonal statements, whi!h are less
threatenin
=.Aersonalise the information
7. Aut the responsiility of the out!ome on
the patient if the advi!e is not taken, in a
firm ut supportive tone
g.'ou
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he normal pan!reas produ!es a hormone !alled
61&insulin in the eta !ells.
+nsulin 62& regulates lood suar levels 7&
y movin 9/:;;; glucose from the blood %ntothe
mus$le# /4 fat and (+) liver $ells. *h%s means
that glu$ose $an be used as / fuelfor the body.
he diaeti! pan!reas may not produ!e any%nsul%n at all %n the /5 beta $ells# or produ$e too
l%ttle %nsul%n to 6E& normaliselood suar levels. +f
noninsulin is produ!ed, this is !alled ype 1
diaetes and is often the !ause of diaetes %n /6
children %aily or t'ice daily (-) injectiono insulin by people w%th *ype 1 d%abetes.7hen the pan$reas produ$es too l%ttle%nsul%n# th%s %s $alled ype 2 diaetes and
makes up aout 611& 90% of all !ases of diaetes.his type of diaetes may e treated with an 612& oralonhypoglycaemic med%$at%on and somet%mes also w%th%nsul%n %ne$t%on. *wo new de'%$es# %nsul%n /13
inhalers and insulin (4) pumps oer great%mpro'ements %n l%festyle for all d%abet%$s.
attachments;2010;12;1