napoca romana

LA PAS PRIN ORAUL COMOAR, CLUJ-NAPOCAPrimria municipiului Cluj-Napoca, Noiembrie 2011

Coninutul acestui material nu reprezint n mod obligatoriu poziia oficial a Uniunii Europene sau a Guvernului Romniei.

Primria municipiului Cluj-NapocaStrada Moilor, nr. 3, Cluj-NapocaTelefon: 0264 452 244Fax: 0264 450 090E-mail: office@visitcluj.rowww.primariaclujnapoca.rowww.visitcluj.ro

Ministerul Dezvoltrii Regionale i TurismuluiAutoritatea de Management pentru Programul Operaional Regional 2007-2013Strada Apolodor, nr. 17, sector 5, BucuretiTelefon: 0372 111 409E-mail: info@mdrt.rowww.mdrt.ro

Direcia Gestionare Fonduri Comunitare pentru TurismOrganismul Intermediar pentru TurismBd. Dinicu Golescu, nr.38, sector 1, BucuretiTelefon: 0372 144 000Fax: 0372 144 001

Copyright Primria municipiului Cluj-Napoca 2011

NAPOCAROMANA

Harta oraului roman Napoca a fost reconstituit n urma spturilor arheologice sistematice efectuate n ultimele dou decenii, dar i a descoperirilor accidentale. Incinta oraului roman era mrginit la vest de Prul iganilor, latura vestic fiind n proximitatea actualelor strzi Emil Isac i Samuel Micu. Canalul Morii constituia anul de aprare al aezrii n partea nordic, zidul fiind descoperit n Parcul I.L. Caragiale. Grania de Sud era delimitat de linia strzilor Eoilor i Napoca, iar cea de est era n zona strzilor Bolyai Janos i David Francisc. Forumul era undeva n zona Bisericii Sf. Mihail. Podul peste Samus (Some) era n proximitatea actualului Pod Horea. Incinta avea forma unui ptrat aproape perfect, cu latura de aproximativ 500 de m (aprox. 30 ha).

Situri arheologice:

Edificiile romane descoperite pe str. Victor Deleu, lng Parcul I.L. Caragiale- una dintre casele cercetate arheologic era dotat cu instalaie de nclzire bazat pe hypocaustum (nclzire prin pardoseal);- au mai fost gsite fragmente arhitectonice sculptate, unele n marmur;- descoperirea unui tezaur de 1268 denari de argint;- toate acestea sunt dovezi ale unei viei urbane elevate n Napoca roman i ale unui ridicat nivel de trai.

Situl arheologic permanent din P-a Unirii - dou cldiri publice, aflate n zona central a oraului roman;- curte interioar pavat cu piatr, nconjurat de un portic;- n centrul curii interioare se afl o fntn;- locaie special amenajat prin iluminare ambiental, ventilaie, protejat cu ajutorul unui acoperi de sticl, de 82 m ptrai

Vestigiile arheologice aflate n centrul comercial de pe str. Regele Ferdinand- Forumul Napocens, conform planului ubanistic roman, era intersectat n unghi drept de dou drumuri principale: decumanus maximus (E-V) i ordo maximus (N-S); aceste drumuri principale erau intersectate de cardines i decumani;- o seciune dintr-o strad secundar (decumanus) i canalizarea adiacent acesteia pot fi vzute n interiorul complexului comercial, fiind protejate cu sticl.

Roman archaeological sites in Cluj

The Roman edifices uncovered on Victor Deleu Street, near I.L.Caragiale Park- one of the houses that were archaeologically examined was equipped with hypocaustum heating (under floor heating)- there have also been found carved architectural fragments, some in marble- a thesaurus of 1.268 silver dinars was discovered in this location- all these findings hold an evidence of a high standard of living

The archaeological site of Unirii Square- two public buildings located in the central area of the Roman settlement- a stone paved interior courtyard surrounded by a porch- in the centre of the inner courtyard can be found the remains of a fountain- the site is provided with ventilation and secured by a 82 square meters glass roof

The archaeological vestiges found underneath the commercial complex located on Regele Ferdinand Street- according to the Roman urban plan, the Napoca forum was cut at a right angle by two major roads: decumanus maximus (E-V) and ordo maximus (N-S); these main roads were intersected by cardines and decumani.- a section of a secondary street (decumanus) and its adjacent sewerage can be seen in the commercial complex secured by a glass roof.

Centrul istoric al municipiului Cluj-Napoca

Roman Napoca

The map of the Roman city of Napoca was reconstructed following the systematic archaeological excavations that have been carried out in the last decades, but also incidental discoveries. The Roman city was bordered to the west by the Gypsy

Creek, in the proximity of the current streets of Emil Isac and Samuel Micu. The Mill Canal represented the northern moat of the settlement, part of its wall being discovered in I.L. Caragiale Park. The southern border was delimitated by Eroilor and Napoca streets and the eastern border was delineated by the Bolyai Janos and David Francisc streets. The forum was located somewhere in the area of Saint Michaels Church. The Samvm Bridge (Somes Bridge) was situated near the current Horea Bridge. The premises was shaped as an almost perfect square with the side of approximately 500 m

(about 30 ha).The map of the Napoca roman cityHarta oraului roman Napoca

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Cluj-Napoca 2020Capital Cultural European - ora candidatCluj-Napoca 2020, European Capital of Culture

Candidate city

Investim in viitorul tu!Proiect selectat n cadrul Programului Operaional Regional i

co-finanat de Uniunea European prin Fondul European pentru Dezvoltare Regional.

Urbe multicultural, Clujul relev o diversitate unic n Europa Rsritean, n privina numeroaselor civilizaii i culturi care au subscris la condica milenar a oraului. Rnd pe rnd, daci, celi, romani, slavi, maghiari, sai, secui, turci i austrieci s-au intersectat cu ceea ce astzi numim naiunea, limba i cultura romn.

Dacii i romanii Urmare a trei campanii de cucerire ntreprinse n decursul a dou decenii de mpraii romani, Domiian i Traian, n 106 d.Hr., Regatul Daciei este cucerit i transformat, doar o parte din acesta, n provincie roman.

Napoca roman - scurt istoric Amprente ale existenei umane pe teritoriul actual al Clujului exist nc din preistorie. Localitatea i face ns intrarea in istorie odat cu menionarea localitii dacice Napuca, de ctre geograful grec Claudius Ptolemeu. Cucerirea roman din 105-106 a fcut ca vechea aezare s dispar, iar noua localitate s fie construit dup riguroasele norme arhitecturale romane. Toponimia locului s-a pstrat, existnd doar o insignifiant schimbare fonetic, astfel c Napuca dacic a devenit Napoca roman.

Lupa Capitolina Statuia Lupa Capitolina a fost druit de municipalitatea din Roma n 1921, cu menirea de a evidenia trecutul comun al celor dou naiuni: romn i italian. Copie fidel a Lupoaicei, cu Romulus i Remus, de pe Capitoliu, grupul statuar din Cluj a fost inaugurat la 18 septembrie 1921. Simbol al latinitii romnilor, statuia este amplasat pe Bulevardul Eroilor, vizavi de Catedrala Greco Catolic Schimbarea la Fa. Soclul statuii a fost decorat cu un basorelief al mpratului Traian. Tot aici, regsim inscripia ALLA CITT DI CLVJ, ROMA MADRE, MCMXXI (Pentru oraul Cluj, de la oraul mam, Roma, 1921).

Treptat, Napoca a nflorit, iar mpratul Hadrian a ridicat aezarea la rang de municipium, n 124, cu denumirea Municipium Aelium Hadrianum Napoca. Mai trziu, sub Marcus Aurelius (161 - 180), localitatea a primit titlul urban superior de colonie, prelund denumirea Colonia Aurelia Napoca.

Dreptul italic (ius italicum), dobndit de Napoca n timpul lui Septimius Severus (193 211), a reprezentat pentru localitate un important beneficiu, ntruct doar cele mai elevate dintre oraele Imperiului Roman obineau aceast demnitate.

Aezarea urban elevat, cosmopolit, de factur occidental (puine influene orientale au fost gsite n timpul cercetrilor) i care a adoptat rapid religia romanilor (ntr-o pondere covritoare zeii romani predomin panteonul napocens). Important centru de producie, Napoca se afla ntr-o zon geostrategic important, pe drumul ce lega castrul legionar de la Potaissa de Porolissum.

Astzi, fosta capital a Daciei Porolissensis este capitala istoric a Transilvaniei.

Known as a multicultural city, Cluj reveals an unique diversity throughout Eastern Europe regarding the presence of numerous cultures and civilizations that have been registered in the citys millenary ledger. One by one, Dacians, Celts, Romans, Slavs, Hungarians, Transylvanian Saxons, Szkelys, Turks and Austrians crossed paths with what we call today the Romanian nation, language and culture.

The Dacians and the Romans As a result of three conquering campaigns carried out for over two decades by the Roman emperors Domitian and Trajan, in 106 the Kingdom of Dacia is conquered and partly turned into a Roman province.

The Roman Napoca - Historic references Proof of human existence on the current territory of Cluj dates from as early as the prehistoric era. However, the settlement makes an entrance in history along with the recorded mention of the Dacian settlement Napuca, made by Greek geographer Claudius Ptolemy. The 105-106 Roman conquest has led to the disappearance of the settlement and the new locality was to be built complying to the rigorous Roman architectural standards. The name of the location was maintained with an insignificant phonetic shift, so that Dacian Napuca became Roman Napoca.

Lupa Capitolina The sculpture of Lupa Capitolina (The Capitoline Wolf) was a gift from the municipality of Rome in 1921, with the purpose of emphasizing the shared historic background of the two nations: Romanian and Italian. An accurate copy of the Capitoline Wolf, with Romulus and Remus, the statuary group was unveiled on the 18th of September 1921. A symbol of the Latinity of Romanians, it is currently situated on Eroilor Boulevard, opposite to the Greek Catholic Cathedral Schimbarea la Fa (The Transfiguration Cathedral). The pedestal of the statue is decorated with a bas-relief of Emperor Trajan. The following inscription can be read: ALLA CITT DI CLVJ, ROMA MADRE, MCMXXI(For the city of Cluj, from the Roman mother city, 1921).

Gradually, Napoca had flourished, and in 124 emperor Hadrian (161-180) granted the title and rank of municipium to the Roman settlement. Later, during the reign of Marcus Aurelius, the city gained the higher status of colonia, taking the name of Colonia Aurelia Napoca.

The Italic Right (ius italicum), aquired during the reign of Septimius Severus (193 211), constituted a major advantage, since only the most important cities of The Roman Empire were awarded with this dignity.

The lofty, cosmopolitan, majorly influenced by the Western style colonia (few Oriental influences were found during the researches) quickly adopted Roman religion (the Napoca pantheon is predominated by Roman deities in an overwhelming proportion).

Major manufacturing centre, Napoca was situated in a significant geo-strategic area, on the road that linked the legionary castrum of Potaissa to Porolissum.

Today, the former capital of Dacia Porolissensis is the historic capital of Transylvania.

Ruine romane din parcul I.L Caragiale

Ruine romane din Piaa Unirii

Simulare lupteTerra Dacica Aeterna

Born romanPiaa Unirii