8/13/2019 Alert n Statele Unite. SUPERBACTERIA rezistent la antibiotice care a alarmat autoritile americane

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Alert n Statele Unite. SUPERBACTERIArezistent la antibiotice care a alarmat

autoritile americaneD.D.| 07 Mar 2013, 13:23

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speciale, dedicate societatilor comerciale.

Autoritile americane sunt n alert dup ce tot mai muli americani au fost infectai cu o bacterie

cunoscut sub denumirea de Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

n primele luni ale anului 2012, peste 200 de spitale din SUA au tratat cel puin un caz de

persoan infectat cu aceast bacterie, arat un raport prezentat deLive Science.

An emerging superbug is infecting an increasing number of people in the United States, and health

officials are calling for urgent action to stop its spread.

During the first six months of 2012, nearly 200 hospitals and long-term acute care facilities

together treated at least one person who had been infected by the superbug, known as

Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae, or CRE, according to a new report from the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The bacteria is resistant to a class ofantibioticsknown as

carbapenem, powerful drugs that are typically used as a last resort to treat resistant bacterial

infections, thus the origin of the superbug's name.

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CRE can cause pneumonia and blood andurinary tract infections.CRE infections are still rare, and

so far, nearly all cases have been seen in people who've had long-term care in hospitals, nursing

homes or other healthcare facilities. But once a person becomes ill, the disease can be lethal,

killing up to half of people who develop serious infections, the CDC said.

"CRE are nightmare bacteria. Our strongest antibiotics dont work and patients are left with

potentially untreatable infections," said Dr. Tom Frieden, director of the CDC. Doctors, hospitals

and public health officials must work together to implement strategies to stop CRE's

spread, Frieden said.

Enterobacteriaceae are a family of bacteria that include E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and

typically live in the digestive tract, but can cause infections if they spread outside the gut, the CDC

said. Over time, some of these bacteria have developed resistance to carbapenems.

CRE were first identified in the U.S. in 2001, and have now spread to 42 states. The new report,

which examined U.S.health care infections,found that the percentage of Enterobacteriaceae that

are resistant to carbapenems has increased fourfold during the last decade.

In 2012, 4.6 percent of hospitals and 18 percent of long-term acute care facilities, reported having

a patient with a CRE infection, the CDC report said.

Healthy people don't usually develop CRE infections. People most at risk for infection are those

whose care requires devices such as a ventilator or catheter, and who require a long course of

antibiotics, the CDC said.

Hospital workers who don't properly wash their hands can spread the bacteria between patients,

and the bacteria themselves can spread resistance to other similar bacteria.

Unlike methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), CRE hasn't spread into the community,

Frieden said.

"That's really a message of hope: we still have a window of opportunity to stop it" before it

becomes as prevalent as other antibiotic-resistant organisms like MRSA, Frieden said.

In 2012, the CDC created guidelines for preventing CRE infections in hospitals and other care

facilities. These include following proper hand hygiene recommendations (hand-washing); grouping

patients together who have CRE; dedicating certain staff members and equipment to people who

have CRE; knowing which patients in a hospital have CRE and alerting other health care facilities

about the infection if the patient is transferred; and using antibiotics wisely.

Facilities that have implemented these measures have seen a drop in their CRE infection rates,

Frieden said.

Patients can also play a role in prevention. For instance, if they have a catheter put in, they can

ask how long it will be in place, and ask that it be removed as soon as possible, Frieden said.

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