Dr. Alexander MinewitschManaging Director

TTZH Tribologie & Hochtechnologie GmbH,Garbsen, Germany

Deutsch-Rumänisches Workshop, Bukarest, Rumänien, 12. November 2015German-Romanian Workshop, Bucharest, Romania, 12 November 2015Workshop româno-germană, București, România, 12 noiembrie 2015

Surface Engineering and Equipment for Triboanalysis of

Coatings, Lubricants and Materials

PVD Coating Technology. Equipment

Quelle: PVT

M 4.3

M 3.2

S 2.2

The coatings are evaporated onto a variety of cutting tools, dies and moulds, wear components and consumer products made of high speed steel, tungsten carbide and other materials for a temperature range between 180°C up to 500° C. Hybrid PVD technologies and equipment involve cathodic arc evaporation, magnetron sputteringand HIPIMS.

PVD Coating Center, incl. technology, main and peripheral equipment and all required infrastructure for implementation of TTZH coating services in industry. PVD equipment enables deposition of high performance metallurgical coatings, such as titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbo-nitride (TiC,N) and aluminium titanium nitride (AlTiN), aluminium chromium nitride (AlCrN), Si — doped coatings (TiSiN, AlTiSiN, AlCrSiN, AlTiCrSiN), solid lubricants, etc. for various tribology applications.

Cathodes, Targets, Components

Chromium and alloys (99.9 – 99.995)Cr-2Ta, Cr-0.2Ti-0.3V-1Y, Cr-2.5Ti-0.5Zr, Cr-0.2Zr-1Y, Cr-32Ni-1.5W-0.3Ti-0.3V, Cr/Al, Cr/Co, Cr/Cu, Cr/Fe, Cr/Ga, Cr/Gd, Cr/Ge, Cr/Hf, Cr/Ir, Cr/Mn, Cr/Mo, Cr/Nb, Cr/Ni, Cr/Pd, Cr/Pt, Cr/Re, Cr/Ru, Cr/Ta, Cr/Ti, Cr/V, Cr/Y, Cr/Zr

Molybdenum and alloys (99.9 - 99.999)Mo-0.5Ti, Mo-1Ti-0.3Zr(TZC), Mo-0.5Ti-0.1Zr(TZM), Mo-1.2Hf(MHC), Mo-1.5Hf-0.5Zr-0.2C(ZHM), Mo-30W, Mo-25W-1Hf(HWM-25), Mo-1Ti-0.6Zr-1.5Nb, Mo-5Re, Mo-41.5Re, Mo-47.5Re, Mo/Re/W, Mo/Co, Mo/Cr, Mo/Fe, Mo/Hf, Mo/Ni, Mo/Pt, Mo/Re, Mo/Ta, Mo/Ti, Mo/V, Mo/Zr

Tungsten and alloys (99.9 – 99.999)Doped AKS Tungsten, W-(1-2)ThO2, W-15Mo, W-3Re, W-4Re-0.5Hf, W-25Re, W-25Re-30Mo, W-35Mo-15Ta-15V, W/Co, W/Fe, W/Hf, W/Mo, W/Nb, W/Ni, W/Ni/Fe, W/Os, W/Ru, W/Ta, W/Ti, W/Zr, W/Mo/Re, W/Mo/Hf/Re, W/Ta/Re

PVD Coating Technology. Cutting Tools

Rotary platform

Al-based coatings Cr-based coatings

Quelle: PVT

Si-doped coatings

PVD Coatings on Cutting ToolsFlank face

worn coating zone

oblique cut zone

elastic-plastic zone

intact zone

PVD Coatings on Cutting Tools

а) b) c)

d) e) f)Chip formation and distribution of stresses in uncoated tools (a, b, c) and coated tools (d, e, f) during running-in –h=0,005 mm (a, d), steady wear – h=0,20 mm (b), h=0,30mm (e) and fracture – h=0,40 mm (c), h=0,60 mm (f)

PVD Coating Technology. Some Applications

Quelle: MTU

Sands, volcanic ash particles, salt and ice crystals may erosively attack engine components.

PVD Coating Technology. Some Applications

Quelle: MTU

PVD multilayer coated jet engine components

PVD Coatings for Turbine Blades

Heat-resistant Coatings Erosion-resistant Coatings

Corrosion longevity tests in isothermal

conditions (200 hour exposures)

1) uncoated;

2) EB-coated (NiCrAlY, 100µm);

3) CAE-coated (NiCrAlY, 50µm).

Erosion wear (in mg/sq. cm) of coatings against time

1. Ti-Si-N (φ=-300 V; p=0.1 Pa);

2. Ti-Si-N (-10 V/-70 V; p=0.1 Pa);

3. (Ti-Si)/(Ti-Si-N) (0 V/300 V; p=0.5 Pa);

4. (Zr-Si)/(Zr-Si-N) (-150 V/0 V; p=0.1 Pa);

3D optical surface profilometersTriboProfiler TP-222

Standard and special surface profiling systems, built to advanced specifications

Powerful and expandable standard instruments. Our high precision TP-series of profilometers are the most flexible systems on the market.Special instruments and custom systems. Owing to modular technology we can adapt our standard instruments to meet special requirements and build customed systems.

TP-series profilometers provide full 3D functionality and incorporate parameters, defined in ISO 25178.

• Contact and non-contact surface metrology• Stroke: 200 x 200 x 200 mm & rotary axes• Measuring range from 100μm up to 27mm• Vertical resolution down to 1 nm• Outstanding Mountains® surface analyses techniques

3D optical surface profilometersTriboProfiler TP-222, continued

Axes and travel• Stroke X, Y, Z (mm) : 200 x 200 x 200• DC motorized axes• Flatness 2 nm/mm local• Max. speed: up to 30 mm/s• Options: 0,1 μm encoder, 4th axis(rotary, linear)

ApplicationsAdvanced specifications guarantee consistency, repeatability and precision in the following application fields: tribology, mechanical engineering, abrasives, aerospace, automotive, cosmetics, energy, medical, MEMS, metallurgy, PCB, paper, plastics, wafers, etc.Standard applications include the measurement of profiles, step heights, topography, distance, area and volume, the analysis of form, roughness, waviness, flatness, coplanarity and grains, tribological studies, spectral analysis and the calculation of parameters in accordance with international and local standards.

Sensors• Non-contact confocal chromatic• Contact inductive stylus• Microforce stylus• Triangulated laser• Interferometer• CCD Camera with fixed or motorizedzoom in option

3D surface profilometry. A cosmetic application

Analysis of wrinkles on skin samples using hypoallergic silicon replicas

Non-contact surface profilometry. Effect of anti-wrinkle cream on the surface texture

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

The cream applied has not change the number of wrinkles (mean density of furrows equivalent) but it has reduced the depth of the wrinkles (mean and maximum values)

The analysis of the main wrinkle shows not only a reduction of the depth but also a decrease of the estimated volume of the wrinkle

Categories of mechano-dynamical tests acc. to DIN 50322

Quelle: GFT

Tribotesting: between reality and simulation conditions

Problem with Tribology

Friction and wear are not intrinsic material properties but areproperties of the system in which the materials operate

Properties measured in an experiment using a test machine are alsoa system propertiesata generated from any properly calibrated test Data generated from any properly calibrated test machine has to bevalid, but only for the performance of the materials in that machine

Quelle: Phoenix Tribology

Tribotesting: between reality and simulation conditions

Correlation Criterion

The test should reproduce the wear and/or failure mechanisms ofthe application

rly calibrated testIf the wear and/or failure mechanism in the laboratory emulationis not the same as the wear and/or failure mechanism in the real system,the test model is probably wrong

Quelle: Phoenix Tribology

Tribotesting: selected schemes

e) block-on-ring f) cylinder-on-ring g) 4-ball h) crossing cylinders

a) pin-on-disk b) pin-on-plate c) ring-on-disk d) disk-on-disk

Think!Contact TTZH!Ready!We contribute to your success!

ROLL STABILITY TESTSStandard: ASTM D 1831

Lubricating grease is undergone to stresses similar to those in the ball bearings.Cone penetration acc. to ISO 2137 reveal changes in the shear stability of the lubricating grease and allow an assessment of its-durability-determine the oil separation-change in consistency.Depending on the test programme the typical duration of the tests could be 2 h, 50 h, 100 h.

Standard testing temperature 80°C

For greases with a density of 0,9 g/cm3 filling quantity is 55 cm3 or 50 g

Think!Contact TTZH!Ready!We contribute to your success!

Features:•Designed for long test runs at temperatures up to 200° C•High accuracy digital temperature controller•Easy-to-use digital timer with two presets allows unattended operation•Low noise operation•Uniform heat distribution provided by aluminum fan and shielded heaters•Protection against overheating

ROLL STABILITY TESTS

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