memoriu tehnic proiect om ii

8/18/2019 Memoriu Tehnic Proiect OM II

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UNIVERSITATEA TRANSILVANIA DIN BRAŞOV

Departamentul Autovehicule i Transporturiș Disciplina Organe de Maşini

PROIET DE AN LA DISIPLINAOr!ane "e #a$ini II

Autor% An!hel Danut&iprianPro!ramul "e stu"ii% Autovehicule Rutiere'rupa ((()

oor"onatori% Pro*+ univ+ "r+ in!+ 'heor!he #O'ANDr+ in!+ Silviu POPA

),(-

5


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UNIVERSITATEA TRANSILVANIA DIN BRAŞOV

.AULTATEA DE IN'INERIE #EANI/

Disciplina Organe de Maşini

PROIET DE AN LA DISIPLINAOr!ane "e #a$ini II

Autor% An!hel Danut&iprian'rupa ((()

oor"onatori $tiin0i*ici% Pro*+ univ+ "r+ in!+ 'heor!he #O'ANDr+ in!+ Silviu POPA

),(-6


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ontentsINTRODUCERE........................................................................................................................8

1. TEMATICA ŞI SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ......................................111.1. TEMATICA ŞI SPECIFICAŢII DE PROIECTARE..................................................11

1.2. SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ........................................................12

1.3. ÎMPĂRŢIREA RAPORTULUI DE TRANSMITERE PE TREPTE. PARAMETRICINETOSTATICI.................................................................................................................13

2. CALCULUL DE PREDIMENSIONARE A ANGRENAELOR.....................................13

2.1. CALCULUL DE PREDIMENSIONAREA A ANGRENAULUI CONIC...............13

2.2. CALCULUL DE PREDIMENSIONAREA A ANGRENAULUI CILINDRIC.......16

2.3. CALCULUL DE PREDIMENSIONAREA A AR!ORILOR....................................18

3. SCHEMA CINEMATICA LA SCARĂ.............................................................................1"

#. CALCULUL GEOMETRIEI ANGRENAULUI CONIC................................................21

5. CALCULUL GEOMETRIEI ANGRENAULUI CILINDRIC........................................21

6. CALCULUL DE VERIFICARE A ANGRENAULUI CILINDRIC $MDESIGN%.........22

&. CALCULUL FORŢELOR DIN ANGRENAE................................................................25

&.1. SCHEMA FORŢELOR..............................................................................................25

&.2. FORŢELE DIN ANGRENAUL CONIC.................................................................2&

&.3. FORŢELE DIN ANGRENAUL CILINDRIC..........................................................288. CALCULUL AR!ORILOR..............................................................................................28

8.1. SCHEMA DE ÎNCĂRCARE A AR!ORELUI INTERMEDIAR.............................28

8.2. CALCULUL DE VERIFICARE A AR!ORELUI INTERMEDIAR $CU MDESIGN%3'

8.3. SCHEMA DE INCARCARE A AR!ORELUI DE INTRARE.................................32

8.#. SCHEMA DE INCARCARE A AR!ORELUI DE IESIRE......................................33

". ALEGEREA ŞI VERIFICAREA MONTAULUI CU RULMENŢI AL AR!ORELUIINTERMEDIAR.......................................................................................................................3#

1'. ALEGEREA ŞI VERIFICAREA ASAM!LĂRII PRIN PANĂ PARALELĂ DINTREROATA CONICĂ ŞI AR!ORELE INTERMEDIAR..............................................................36

11. ALEGEREA SISTEMULUI DE UNGERE..................................................................3&

!I!LIOGRAFIE.......................................................................................................................#3

DESENE...................................................................................................................................##

&


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INTRODUCERE

S()*+, *)/(0+,+ / , 4(*, Organe de maşini /40/ 4 /7),0/ ,09,/ *(0(/ ,/ 40+/9,) / *)/(0/ : 40/0/ (+):09/,) / ;/((< /40/9;0/,/,)< 0/=),)> ;0/,/,) : /*//0/ >?( @ /(+4+, ,) I : II< */(+;: ;)+, @ (/ (/:0 *)0 /),7 @ ;) /*//0 ) ,+(/ / *)/(0/< */ ,>)0;,)< ;/0)/,) 4*/(?(/ : *)>;/,) );/+.

D+* +;+, 0/*0/,) / /+(// 0+0/ $) 0/*0 / /+(// 0+0//*/0 + >/%< 4/ /)4//4(B /+(0)/ (+ ) 0/*0< /+(0)/ (+ )+ 0/*0/<

/+(0)/ (+ 0/ 0/*0/< /+(0)/ (+ ; ;+,0/ 0/*0/ $;;+; 8 0/*0/% I (/,/ (/ +;/< 4/ 7 +; *)/(0/ ++ /+(0) / 0+0/ ()()-(,( ))0,< )+ 0/*0/.

A>=/, D+0-C*

8


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MEMORIUL TEHNIC

1. TEMATICA ŞI SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ

1.1. TEMATICA ŞI SPECIFICAŢII DE PROIECTARE

T/; / *)/(0/ ++ *)+4 /40/ ,40 / (0/ + //?( : /*/0 )@:+/ / 0/< (/9/ : ()9 0/=(/ (/ ()400+/ ((0/40(,/ : */?);9/,/

;*+4/ 70)+,+ *)+4.Î (+, *)/(0+,+ / . 20/; / *)/(0/< *) / , /(/400/ +) 04;4 (+ )9 90/ /+(0)/ *0,/ */0+ 7/4/ 40+9 *(0(/ */4+*+/()(/*9 : ;/4)/ ++ /+(0) ()()-(,( (+ ?+(9 >,), / 04;0// ;);/0+,+ / 0)4+/ : ;:( / )09/ / , + )/ / 0/ , + )/ / /:/(+ /,/ */*/(+,/ @ 4*9+ $?>. 1.1%.

R/+(0)+, ()()-(,( /40/ + 440/; ;/(( /;)0,< (+ ;:( /,07/@0/ /,/;/0/ (/ / ( *;/0 / 0/// (+ )0 90/ 4/ +;/:0/ : @/*,/ +;0)/,) ?+(9 +,/B/4*/(0/ */7//,) / 0/4(=;,00/ (/+0/ / 40/,/ );/+/4*/(0/ ()9,) / *)0/(9/ );+,+ : ;/+,+.

P/0+ *)/(0/ / 4;,+ 4*)07+,+ / /;)(/ $?>. 1.2% 4/ ;*+/ */4),/ listei de specificaţii(+ +;0)/,/ cerinţe principaleB

a M);/0+, / 0)4+/ , )/,/ / 0/< P .b T+9 , )/,/ / 0/< )0J;.c R*)0+, / 04;0// , /+(0)+,+< .d D+0 / ?+(9)/ ;*+4< L= )/.e P,+, /,) )9,) >/+,+ ()( $PAC)(%B ))0, $O% 4+ 7/0(,

$V%.

f P,+, /,) )9,) >/+,+ (,( $PAC,(%B ))0, $O% 4+ 7/0(, $V%

"


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g T*+, 0+ >/+,+ ()( $TD%B /*0 $D%< (+ @ ( / (/( $C% 4+ (+/,) $E%.

Î 0/,+, 1.1 4/ */0 7,),/ *;/0,) ?( : >/);/0( ;*+4/ */0+ )40+9/ *(0( (/+0.

Tab. 1.1 Valorile parametrilor de proiectae

N.(0. P

)0J; R L= )/ PAC)( PAC,( TD# 1''' 18 6''' H H C

1.2. SCHEMA STRUCTURAL-CONSTRUCTIVĂ

Î ?>. 1.2 4/ */0 4(=/; 40+(0+,-()40+(07 >//, /+(0)/,) ()()-(,(/ @ )+ 0/*0/. D *+(0 / 7/// ?+(9), 4/ /7/9 +;0)/ /,/;/0/B I

K >/ ()( )0)>), (+ 0+ @(,0 $(+% II K >/ (,( (+ 0+

@(,0 1I K *) ()( 2I K )0 ()( 1II K *) (,( 2II K )0 (,( A1 K )/,/ / 0/ A2 K )/,/ 0/;/ A3 K )/,/ / /:/ L A

A1 - ,>+, A ,

)/,+ A1 LB A1 - ,>+, ! , )/,+ A1 L A

A2 - ,>+, A , )/,+ A2 LB A2 -

,>+, ! , )/,+ A2 L A A3 - ,>+, A , )/,+ A3 LB

A3 - ,>+, ! , )/,+ A3.D *+(0 / 7/// ()40+(07< /+(0)+, / 0+9/ ?);/ + 4;,+ ();*+4

4+4;,/ : /,/;/0/ ()40+(07/. S+4;,/,/ 4+0 40+(0+ /*//0/< (/ 4//7/9 *0-+ >+* ();*(0 ();*+4< @ ()?>+9/ ;;,< (/, *+9 )+/,/;/0/ ()40+(07/ 4+ ,0/ 4+4;,/ : /,/;/0/ ()40+(07/< @ 0/(9+/

*/;/0< ?);0/ 9+-4/ ()0< (+ */(//< / 0/=),)>,/ / ;)0< / @0/9// :/ /*,)0/.

Î (+, /+(0)/,) ()()-(,(/ ?>. 1.2 4/ /?/4( +;0)/,/4+4;,/B SC K 4+4;,+, ((4 S A1 - 4+4;,+, )/,+ / 0/< ?);0

*)+, ()( $1I% ?0 */ )/,/ / 0/ $A1% (/ , +, 4+ /40/ ?0 */ )+ ,>/$ L A

A1 : LB A1 %< 4/ 4* */ 4+4;,+, ((4 SC S A2 - 4+4;,+, )/,+

0/;/< ?);0 )0 ()( $2I% : *)+, (,( $1II% ?0/ */ )/,/0/;/ $A2% (/ , +, 4+ /40/ ?0 */ )+ ,>/ $ L A

A2 : LB A2 %< 4/ 4* */

1'Fig. 1.1 – Vedere generalăa unui reductor conico-cilindric orizontal [ =00*BJJ./*0+->/4.) ]Fig. 1.2– Schema structural-constructivă generală


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4+4;,+, ((4 SC S A3 - 4+4;,+, )/,+ / 0/< ?);0 )0(,( $2II% ?0 */ )/,/ / /:/ $A3% (/ , +, 4+ /40/ ?0 */ )+ ,>/ $ L A

A3 : LB A3 %< 4/ 4* */ 4+4;,+, ((4 SC.

1.3. ÎMPĂRŢIREA RAPORTULUI DE TRANSMITERE PE

TREPTE. PARAMETRI CINETOSTATICIR/+(0)+, / 0+9/ /

*)/(00 / )+ 0/*0/$>//%. Î 7/// )9/+/ 40+(0+ )*0;/ $)9,/()+4/ (74/>,/% 4/ ;*+/ (*)0+, / 04;0// , 0/*0/ I$>/+, ()(% I '/+,+ ()(< II '


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c R*)0+, / >//< + #=+, 0/ /,/ )9,)< "') : ?/ $AEV-C.2.1% 4/ /0/; 4/;+>=+,/<

δ 1=arctg

sin Σ

u−cos Σ 12.52)< δ 2= Σ−δ 1 &&.#&

).$2.2%

e N+;+, / >// /0(/ @ *,/,< 1. f D+0 / ?+(9)/< L= 6''' )/. g T*+, 0+< (+ /,).h C)9 / ?+(9)/B ;: ;)0)/ K ;)0) 4() 40,9 0/0 K +0,

0/=),)>( @0-) (/ / *0< 0/;*/0+ K $-25Q5'%)C ((0/40(,/ ;/+,+ K *? : +;//, (0.

i C)9 /(),)>(/B +0,/ / ;0/,/ : 0/=),)> /()< /((,/ ;0/,/,)< *)0/(9 7/9.

II+ Ale!erea materialului1 tratamentelor termice $i tehnolo!iei

A7 @ 7/// ( 4( / 04;4 /40/ ;0 4/ )*0 */0+ )9,/ >/+,+)9/, / ;+00/ ;( 18M)N;N13 . A40?/,< 4/ )9/ +09,/ ?,(+,) 9,) 32'HRC : ;/+,+ 3''Q35' H!.

P/0+ )9// 0+ 4/ 7 +; ?,++, 0/=),)>( (+ +;0)/,/ )*/9B */,+(/ 0+ * :(=// $?//%< (/;/0/ : /(0?(/ 0+.

P/0+ (,(+,+, , ()0(0 @ ?+(9/ / ((0/40(,/ ;0/,+,+ $ 11'' MP< '2 8'' MP% : @ ?+(9/ / +09,/ ;*+4/ 4/ )*0 0/4+/ ,;0 , ()0(0 H,; 153' MP : 0/4+/ ,;0 , @()7)// F,; #25 MP.

III+ alculul "e pre"imensionare

D/)/(//,9,/ / ;/4)/ >//,) , ()0(0 : , @()7)// ()9?(0) (/ /* / *;/0 (/ +;/ 4 ?/ /0/;9< */,;< 4/ ?(/ + (,(+, /

*/;/4)/.A,/> ( *;/0+ / ;/4)/ , ;)+,+, /0/)< */0+ 4),(0/ ,

()0(0<

me= 1

z1

3

√ 2T 1 K A K v K Hβ K Hα

ψ d(1−ψ d sinδ 1)2 ( Z E Z Z H ! HP )

2

sin Σ

u sinδ 1

3.'8 ;;< $2.3%

: */0+ 4),(0/ , @()7)//<

me= 1

z1

3

√ 2T 1 z1 K A K v K "β K "α # ϵ

ψ d(1−ψ d sinδ 1)2 (# Sa# "a! "P )ma$ 3."' ;; $2.#%

+/< 1 1#< 2 + 1 63< A1


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D /,9,/ / ; 4+4 /+,0 ( 4),(0/ *(*, >/+,+ /40/ , ()0(0 :4/ ()4/ */0+ (,(+,/< @ ()0+/< ;/ 3


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/+,0 de 1 5#.#6 ;;< de 2 125.51 ;;

L+>;/ >//0)/ ()+,+ /0/)B %e de1

2sin δ 1 125.51 ;;

$2.1."%L9;/ 0+B de 1 21.&8 ;; $2.1.1'%

2.2. CALCULUL DE PREDIMENSIONAREA AANGRENAULUI CILINDRIC

I+ Date "e proiectarea. T+9 , 0/ $*)%< 2 222.22 )0J;.b. P+0// , 0/< P2 3.8# : ?/. $AEV-C.1% /+,0 7,)/ ;);/0+,+ /

0)4+/<

M t 2 (T 2 )=30π 10

6 P2

n2 165'12 N;;.

$2.2.1%

c. R*)0+, / >//< + #.d. U>=+, 0/ /,/ )9,)< "') : ?/ $AEV-C.2.1% 4/ /0/; 4/;+>=+,/<

δ 1=arctg

sin Σ

u−cos Σ 12.52)< δ 2= Σ−δ 1 &&.#&).

$2.2.2%

e. N+;+, / >// /0(/ @ *,/,< 1. f. D+0 / ?+(9)/< L= 6''' )/. g. T*+, 0+< /*0.h. P;/0 >/);/0( ;*+: $)*9),%B 409 0/ / 40/ 409/

0/ / +>=+, / @(,/ 0+ ;/0+, *)+,+< 4+ ;)+,+, 0+.i. C)9 / ?+(9)/B 0*+, 04;4/ @ (/ 4/ 0/>/< 0*+, ;: ;)0)/<

0*+, 40,9/ 0/0/< 0/;*/0+ / ,+(+< ((0/40(,/ ;/+,+ @ (/?+( )/%.ț

j. C)9 /(),)>(/ $+0,/ / ;0/,/ : 0/=),)> /()< /((,/ ;0/,/,)< *)0/(9 7/9%.

1#


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II+ Ale!erea materialului1 tratamentelor termice $i tehnolo!iei

A7 @ 7/// ( 4( / 04;4 /40/ ;0 4/ )*0 */0+ )9,/ >/+,+)9/, / ;+00/ ;( 18M)N;N13 . A40?/,< 4/ )9/ +09,/ ?,(+,) 9,) :;/+,+ 3'' 35' H!.

P/0+ (,(+,+, , ()0(0 @ ?+(9/ / ((0/40(,/ ;0/,+,+ $ 11'' MP< '2

8'' MP% : @ ?+(9/ / +09,/ ;*+4/ 4/ )*0 0/4+/ ,;0 , ()0(0 H,; #25MP : 0/4+/ ,;0 , @()7)// F,; & MP.

III+ alculul "e pre"imensionare

D/)/(/ /,9,/ / ;/4)/ >//,) , ()0(0 : , @()7)// ()9?(0) (/ /* / *;/0 (/ +;/ 4 ?/ /0/;9< */,;< 4/ ?(/ + (,(+, /

*/;/4)/.A,/> ( *;/0+ / ;/4)/ , ;)+,+, /0/)< */0+ 4),(0/ ,

()0(0<

m=¿ 3√2T

1 K A K v K Hβ K Hα

ψ m z12! HP

2 (Z EZ Z H Z β )2 u'1

u 3.68 ;;<

$2.2.3%

: */0+ 4),(0/ , @()7)//<

m=¿ 3

√ 2T

1

ψ m z1c(s ᵦ K A K v K "β K "α # ϵ # ᵦ(# Sa# "a! ") )ma$ 3.#8 ;;

$2.2.#%

+/< 12< 1 2' < 2 8' < A1


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a B mnc

2a

z1(u'1) ()4 ᵦ ;; $2.2.&%

S/ )*0B mn # ;; a* 2'' ;;

alculul "istan0ei "intre a4e $i a un!hiului "e re*erin02

a* - [ mn \ a* - 1.6' [ mn

alculul un!hiului "e presiune *rontal

α t (0>tg+n

c(sβ 2'.56 ,

alculul un!hiului "e an!renare *rontal

+*t (()4 $ a

a* ()4 ∝ % 21.&5 ,

alculul un!hiului "e an!renare normal

+*n (4 $ sin +n

sin +n 4 +*t % 2'.15 ,

alculul coe*icientului "eplas2rii totale "e pro*il

- n1 '


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2.3. CALCULUL DE PREDIMENSIONAREA AAR!ORILOR

C,(+,+, *);07 , ;/0/,) ),) (/ 4+49 )9,/B

d A1,2

. 3

√16 M t 1,2

/

d A1 . =34.76mm < d A2

.. =55.18mm <

d A1,2

.. 3√16 M t 1,2

/

d A1 .. =38.52mm < d A2

.. =55.18mm <

1&


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3. SCHEMA CINEMATICA LA SCARĂ

18


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1"


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#. CALCULUL GEOMETRIEI ANGRENAULUICONIC

C,(+,+, *;/0,) >/);/0( >/+,+ : )9,) ()(/ (+ 0+ (+ /,)B

z1 1# z2 63 "' Ʃ βm ' mmn 2.65 0 d '.5 $&m1 '.5

P;/0 >/);/0( >/+,+B

+#


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5. CALCULUL GEOMETRIEI ANGRENAULUICILINDRIC

C,(+,+ *;/0,) >/);/0( )9,)B

z1 22 z2 88 "' Ʃ β 1# a* 2''mn 3.5 $n1 '.2# $n2 -'.23

3

3(¿¿1)=80¿

31 21.&8

P;/0 >/+,+B1"8.3" α t 2'.56 α *t 21.&5 α *n 21.15

P;/0 )9,)B

d1 &".35 ;; d2 31&.#2 ;; d31=74.30mm d32=297.20mm

d* 1=80mm d* 2=320mm da1=91.18mm da2=325.96mm d 1 1=72.24mm d 1 2=307.06mm Sn1=6.10mm Sn2=4.91mm

San1 '.22^ amin=¿

S¿1.5 San 2 1.5&^ Samin 1.'5

- n1 '.2#^ - nmin -'.#' - n2 -'.23^ - nmin 2 -#.6G/,/ / ()*//B

(min=¿ 1/ /(=7,/0B

zn1 23."' zn2 "5.63 dn1 83.68 dn2 33#.&2 d3n1 8' ;; d3n2 32' ;; dan1 "#.5& ;; dan2 336.&" ;; a*n 2'8.13;; αn 1.65 ;;

6. CALCULUL DE VERIFICARE A ANGRENAULUICILINDRIC $MDESIGN%

Results%

'eneral "ataEfective number o teeth ratio u = 4.000Efective translation ratio i = 4.000

Transverse pressure angle αt = 20.410 °

21


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Pressure angle at pitch cyliner α!t = 22."0# °

$roun lea βb = 11.2"% °

&ero centre istance a = 2'0.02% mm(entre istance a = 2''.)'' mmPro*le shit coe+cient ,pinion- 1 = 0.4/00Pro*le shit coe+cient ,!heel- 2 = 0.'400um pro*le shit coe+cient s = 0./200

ength o path o contact gα = 1".112 mmength o recess path ga = 10.)0/ mmength o approach path g = )."0' mm

Transverse contact ratio εα = 1.1/#

verlap ratio εβ = 1.1%%

Total contact ratio εγ = 2.'""

3umber o teeth = 20 /05irtual number o teeth o helical gear n = 21.2)/ /).0''

Geometrical data6eerence iameter = #2.011 '"/.04' mm7ase iameter b = /".2'4 '44.#'% mm

Pitch iameter ! = #'.41' '%'.")' mm6oot iameter = /).0/1 ')#./)' mm58circle iameter v = #".''1 '%1.10' mm

Tip iameter a = 10'.''1 '%/.10' mm Theoretical tip iameter a th = 10).''1 '/0.10' mm6oot orm circle iameter 9 = /%.)/4 '"1.1%0 mm6oot orm iameter 3 = /#.%0' '"".0/% mm

peci*c sliing at point : ζ: = 80.)"%

peci*c sliing at point E ζE = 80./)%

Tooth thic;ness on the tip cyliner san = '.)'# 4.2#/ mm Tooth epth h = #.12) #.12) mm

:enum ha = ).""0 ).0'0 mm


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at reerence cyliner Transverse tangential loaat pitch cyliner

9t! = 2"4#.%'% 3

6aial loa at pitch cyliner 9r! = 110'.4/' 3:ial loa at pitch cyliner 9a! = )"'.21# 3

Tooth loa at pitch cyliner 9! = 2#2).0"' 3>oment ,pinion- T1 = 12'.%"0 3m>oment ,!heel- T2 = 4#).040 3m

ine loa = 42.0'' 3?mmPeripheral spee at reerence cyliner v = 2.141 m?sPeripheral spee at pitch cyliner v! = 2.1%4 m?s6otation spee ,pinion- n1 = 444.440 1?min6otation spee ,!heel- n2 = 111.110 1?min3umber o loaing cycle ,pinion- 31 = 21'''12003umber o loaing cycle ,!heel- 32 = )'''2/00

Tooth pro*le ,evolvent- pinion

f1

1

!1

a1

Tooth pro*le ,evolvent- gear

f22

!2

a2

$ear !heel ,evolvent- pinion

23


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&. CALCULUL FORŢELOR DIN ANGRENAE

&.1. SCHEMA FORŢELOR

Fig. 7.1- Schema forţelor angrenajului conic ( a-a secţiunea a!ială" n-n secţiune normală" g-g secţiune tangenţială după generatoare#

2#


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$poteze simplificatoare%

- ?)9/,/ );,/ 4/ ()4/ *,(0/ @ *),+, >/ C 4)(0 ()+,+ ?)0, ;/+<

- 4/ />,/ ?/(,/<

- ?)9/,/ 4/ ()4/ *,(0/ 400(.

F)9/,/ 0>/9,/B

" t 1= " t 2= " t =2T

1

d* 1

D/(9/ 0>/0 , (/(+,/ / )40)>),/ 4/4 )*+4 70// $?)9 /40/0%< */0+ )0 ()+(0)/< : (/,: 4/4 (+ 70/ $?)9 ;)0)/%< */0+ )0 ()+4.

F)9/,/ ,/B

" r 1 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n cosδ 1' sin βm 4 δ 1 %

" r 2 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n cosδ 2' sin βm 4 δ 2 %

D/(9/ , 4/4+, 4*/ )9.

F)9/,/ ,/B

" a1 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n sin δ 1'sin βm ()4 δ 1 %

" a2 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n sin δ 2'sin βm ()4 δ 2 %

D/(9/ , 4/4+, 4*/ /0/).

F)9 );,B

" n ( 5 ) : " n ¿ 2T 1

d*1 cos βmcos∝n

D/(9/ +* );, ();+ *)?,/,) @ ()0(0 4/4 )*+4 70// $?)9 /40/0%< */0+ )0 ()+(0)/< : (/,: 4/4 (+ 70/ $?)9 ;)0)/%< */0+ )0 ()+4.

25


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a 5

Fig. 7.1 -Schema forţelor [&oldovean ')]% a * +n plan frontal b * spatial

F)9 0>/9,B

F0 F01 F02 " t =

2T 1

d*1

D/(9/ 0>/0 , (/(+,/ / )40)>),/ 4/4 )*+4 70// $?)9 /40/0%< */0+ )0()+(0)/< : (/,: 4/4 (+ 70/ $?)9 ;)0)/%< */0+ )0 ()+4

F)9 ,B

F F1 F2 " r=2T

1

d*1=¿ 0> ∝*t

D/(9/ , 4/4+, 4*/ (/0+, )9

F)9 );,B

F F1 F2 " a=2T

1

d*1=¿ 0> tg ᵦ " n √ " r

2+ " t 2

D/(9/ +* );, ();+ *)?,/,) @ ()0(0 4/4 )*+4 70// $?)9 /40/0%< */0+ )0 ()+(0)/< : (/,: 4/4 (+ 70/ $?)9 ;)0)/%< */0+ )0 ()+4

26


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&.2. FORŢELE DIN ANGRENAUL CONIC

C,(+,+, ?)9/,) >/+, ()(

R/,9,/ / (,(+, ?)9/,)

" t ( 5 ) : " t =2T

1

d* 1 1'2'.22 N

" r ( 5 ) : " r 1 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n cosδ 1' sin βm 4 δ 1 % 362.#" N

" r 2 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n cosδ 2' sin βm 4 δ 2 % 8'.55 N

" a ( 5 ) : " a1 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n sinδ 1'sin βm ()4 δ 1 % 8'.55 N

" a2 " t

cos βm $0> ∝n sinδ 2'sin βm ()4 δ 2 % 362.#" N

" n ( 5 ) : " n ¿ 2T

1

d*1 cos βmcos∝n 1'85.&' N

M t 2 128"16 N;;

&.3. FORŢELE DIN ANGRENAUL CILINDRIC

C,(+,+, ?)9/,) >/+, (,(

R/,9,/ / (,(+, ?)9/,)B

" t ( 5 ) : " t =2T 1

d* 1 3'26.6' N

" r ( 5 ) : "

r=

2T 1

d*1=¿

0> tg∝

*t 11'1.5" N

2&


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" a ( 5 ) : " a=2T

1

d*1=¿ 0> tg ᵦ 6#3.32 N

" n ( 5 ) : " n √ " r2+ " t

2+ " a2 328#.#6 N

M t 3 #"5'32 N;;

8. CALCULUL AR!ORILOR

28


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8.1. SCHEMA DE ÎNCĂRCARE A AR!ORELUIINTERMEDIAR

Fig. 8.1.1 *Schema de +ncărcare a ar,orelui intermediar

Fig. 8.1.2 *ncărcarea ar,orilor cu forte

.ormele $i "imensiunile tronsoanelor

T)4)/,/ (,(/ (+ 4/(9+/ *,B 1 $0)4) / ;)0/ +,;/0+,+ )*00% 2$0)4) (+ +; / ?/ ,% 3 $4/ ()4/ (,( (+ ;/0+, />, (+ ;/0+, /

*() , *)+,+ (,(%< # $0)4) (+ +; / ?/ ,% 5 $0)4) / ;)0/)0 ()(%< 6 $0)4) / ;)0/ +,;/0+,+ )*00% ;/4+,/ 0)4)/,)

$;/0+, : ,+>;/% 4/ 7) */,+ /4/+, / 4;,+

2"


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Tipurile $i po6i0iile rea6emelor

R//;+, AB 0(+,9/ 4*9, $/*,4,/ ,/ @ /(9,/ Z : X : , _ +,/% *)9)/ @ *+(0+, /0/;0 / 0/4/(9 );,/,) , (,/ / +,/ (+ )/,+()0 ()/4*+/ +,;/0+,+ ,/4.R//;+, AB 0(+,9/ 4*9, $/*,4,/ ,/ @ /(9,/ Z : X : , _ +,/%

*)9)/ @ *+(0+, /0/;0 / 0/4/(9 );,/,) , (,/ / +,/ (+ )/,+%<()0 ()/4*+/ +,;/0+,+ ,/4

P/0+ )/,/ 0/;/ 4/ )*0 +,;/0 ,-, (+ ),/ ()(/ 3'3'&Tronsonul (% D1 #5 ;; L1 2# ;;Tronsonul )% D2 5' ;; L2 6 ;;Tronsonul -% D3 58 ;; L3 1'' ;;Tronsonul 7% D# 55 ;; L# 5 ;;Tronsonul 8% D5 5' ;; L5 26 ;;

Tronsonul 9% D6 #5 ;; L6 26.&5 ;;

8.2. CALCULUL DE VERIFICARE A AR!ORELUIINTERMEDIAR $CU MDESIGN%

Results%

No+ T:pe Position4

;;

Ra"ial *orcein the ;&a4is

R: N

Ra"ial *orcein the


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0 2) )0 %) 100 12) 1)0 1%) 200

Tren of curve of the transverse force ,combine characteristic-

@ mm

A@ 3

8"0)/.1

840'/.%

8201#.4

0.0

201#.4

40'/.%

"0)/.1

31


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32


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8.3. SCHEMA DE INCARCARE A AR!ORELUI DEINTRARE


T)4)/,/ (,(/ (+ 4/(9+/ *,B 1 $(* / )/ STAS%< 2 $4+*?9 //0:/% 3 $4+*?9 ?,/00 */0+ *+,9 (/,0 */0+ +,;/9 (+ : / 4>+9% #

$0)4) ;)0/ +,;/0 )*00%< 5 $0)4) (+ ;/0+, ; ;( /(0 , +,;/0+,+%< 6$0)4) ;)0/ +,;/0 )*00%< & $0)4) (+ +; / ?/ ,%< 8 $4/ ()4/ ((,+ (+ ;/0+, />, (+ ;/0+, ;/+ , *)+,+ ()(% ;/4+,/ 0)4)/,) $;/0+, : ,+>;/% 4/ 7) */,+ /4/+, / 4;,+.


R//;+, AB 0(+,9/ 4*9, $/*,4,/ ,/ @ /(9,/ Z< X : , _< +,/% *)9)/ @ *+(0+, /0/;0 / 0/4/(9 );,/,) , (,/ / +,/ (+ )/,+<()0 ()/4*+/ +,;/0+,+ ,/4.

R//;+, !B //; 4;*,+ $/*,4,/ ,/ @ /(9,/ Z : X +,/% *)9)/ @ *+(0+, /0/;0 / 0/4/(9 );,/,) , (,/ / +,/ (+ )/,+< ()0 ()/4*+/ +,;/0+,+ ,/4.

Tronsonul (% D1 35 ;; L1 8' ;;Tronsonul )% D2 38 ;; L2 18 ;;Tronsonul -% D3 #' ;; L3 1# ;;Tronsonul 7% D# #5 ;; L# 25.&5 ;;Tronsonul 8% D5 #2 ;; L5 #' ;;Tronsonul 9% D6 #5 ;; L6 22.&5 ;;

Tronsonul >% D& 5' ;; L& & ;;Tronsonul ?% D8 &8.#8 ;; 21.&8 ;;

33


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P/0+ )/,/ / 0/ 4/ )*0 +,;/0 ,-, (+ ,/ &2'"-!-P.

8.#. SCHEMA DE INCARCARE A AR!ORELUI DEIESIRE


T)4)/,/ (,(/ (+ 4/(9+/ *,B 1 $(* / )/ STAS%< 2 $4+*?9 //0:/< 3 $0)4) ;)0/ +,;/0 )*00%< # $0)4) / 0/(//%< 5 $0)4) ;)0/ )090 (,(%< 6 $0)4) (+ +; / ?/ , )9%< & $0)4) (+ +; / ?/, +,;/0+,+% < 8 $0)4) ;)0/ +,;/0 )*00% ;/4+,/ 0)4)/,)$;/0+, : ,+>;/% 4/ 7) */,+ /4/+, / 4;,+.


R//;+, AB //; 4;*,+ $/*,4,/ ,/ @ /(9,/ Z : X +,/% *)9)/ @ *+(0+, /0/;0 / 0/4/(9 );,/,) , (,/ / +,/ (+ )/,+< ()0 !

()/4*+/ +,;/0+,+ ,/4.

3#


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R//;+, !B 0(+,9/ 4*9, $/*,4,/ ,/ @ /(9,/ Z< X : , _< +,/% *)9)/ @ *+(0+, /0/;0 / 0/4/(9 );,/,) , (,/ / +,/ (+ )/,+<()0 ! ()/4*+/ +,;/0+,+ ,/4

Tronsonul (% D1 5' ;; L1 1'' ;;Tronsonul )% D2 52 ;; L2 25 ;;

Tronsonul -% D3 55 ;; L3 23 ;;Tronsonul 7% D# 6# ;; L# #1 ;;Tronsonul 8% D5 8' ;; L5 6 ;;Tronsonul 9% D6 &' ;; L6 &8 ;;Tronsonul >% D& 6# ;; L& 18 ;;Tronsonul ?% D8 55 ;; L8 22 ;;

P/0+ )/,/ / /4/ 4/ )*0 +,;/0 , (+ ),/ (,0(/ 3'3'&

". ALEGEREA ŞI VERIFICAREA MONTAULUI CURULMENŢI AL AR!ORELUI INTERMEDIAR

D0/ / 0/

a. T+9< )0J; ()400 0/*0/,/ / 0+9/ 1< 2< 3 Q )0J;.b. F)9/,/ ,>/B % A 1&"&.&28< %B 6818.285<

c. V,),/ ;/0/,) ?+4+,) / ;)0 : $/7/0+,% ,/ ((4/,).d. D+0 / ?+(9)/< L= 8''' )/ .e. M;,/ )(+,) +>=+,/< ,/ : ,/ /(/4/ */(,/ / //(+9/ :;)0.

f. C)9 / ?+(9)/B 0*+, ;: $+0,+,+% @ (/ 4/ 0/>/< 0/;*/0+ :,09 0/;(< 7/, / 79 : >);)0< ((0/40(,/ ;/+,+ @ (/ ?+( )/.ț

g. C)9 /(),)>(/ $+0,/ / ;0/,/ : 0/=),)> /()< /((,/ ;0/,/,)< *)0/(9 7/9%.

A,/>// 4(=/;/ / ;)0 4 +,;/0,)

Î ?+(9/ / ;/0+, )/,+< (0,)>+, / +,;/9 4/ ,/>/ +,;/0,-, (+ ,/ &2'"-!-P< 7 ((0/40(,/ *//00/ @ ?>+,/ / ; )4. Î

0/,+, 4-+ ?(+0 +;0)/,/ )09B /*/0 ;/0+, 0/) , +,;/0+,+< D K

35


32/45

;/0+, /0/) , +,;/0+,+< ! K ,9;/ +,;/0+,+< . r - 4( , / ;(< . 'r - 4( , / 400(.

I?);0 /4*/ +,;/0

S(=/;/ / (,(+, ?)0/,)

C,(+,+, ?)9/,) ,/ 0)0,/ ,>/

" aA '


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V/?(/ +,;/9,)

L>+, !B " aBt

%B '.5&2 ^ / '.55

S( ;( /(=7,/0B

P %B '


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Scop% )*0/ ?);/ *//< ;/4+,) 4/(9+ 047/4,/ : ,+>; (/40/</(/4/ */0+ (,(+, : @0)(;/ /4/+,+ / 4;,+ , 440/;+,+ @ (/ 4/ 0/>/.D;/4+,/ *// : ,/ (,/,) )/ : +0+( 4/ )*0 @ ?+(9/ / 7,)/;/0+,+ 0)4)+,+ )/,+ */ (/ 4/ ;)0/< A< STAS 1''#

S/ )*0 ?); A 4 7,),/ 0 4/; / ;/0+, )/,+ 0/;/ $ 5' ;;%B

B 1#

= B "

A+40 );, B A)/ N" B 0−0.043

!+0+( 4" B +0.0215−0.0215

P B 0−0.043

Dimensionare $i veri*icare%

R/,9 / (,(+, ,+>; /(/4/ ;;B

7c= 4 M t

d&! as/ 0)123 mm" l/ 7c 4,/22123" l5 L3 /5 lST @7, ;; $2 *//%

M0 N;; K ;);/0+, / 0)4+/ 04;4

;; ,0;/ *//

A ;; K ;/0+, )/,+

4 MP K 0/4+/ ;4, / 407/ 4+ * MP K */4+/ ;4, ///*+,/ ,+?0+,+

= ;; K @,9;/ *//

L ;; K ,+>;/ +0+(+,+

,ST ;; K ,+>;/ 40

11. ALEGEREA SISTEMULUI DE UNGERE

38


35/45

D /(+9 / /(=,+ 0/;(< P-P/ b 4+ P $1-R % cS/$0-0)%@ (/< 0' /40/ 0/;*/0+ ;; ;/+,+ ;0 @ (/ ?+(9)/ /+(0)+, $++,<0' $18 Q 25% )C% P K *+0// , )/,/ / 0/ , /+(0)+,+ R K ;/0+,/+(0)+,+ c K ?(0)+, 04;0/ (,+ / , ((4 , / $c $8Q12% J;2 )C<

*/0+ ) ((+,9/ 4, /+,+ @ ) /+(0)+,+% S/ 1// * ;/4/ $)0/% (;/ / ;/4/

+/ +/ )9 @ +,/ $1..2%; [ = [ $6Q8%; $; /40/ ;)+,+, 0+% 4+< ++,< 1' ;;d = [ 1J3 )9. D409 / , )0 , ?++, / +,/ $3Q#%e d H [ $5Q&%e(+ e >)4;/ *//0/,+ ((4/ $++,< e &Q8 ;;%. R)0 ()( 0/+/ 4 4/ ?,/ @+,/ */ 0)0 @9;/ 4/(9+/

/0/) 0/,+.b. P/0+ 15 [ 7 d 2' ;J4 4/ +0,/ +>// (+ ((+,9/ ?)90 +,/+,+< *

*+,7// +,/+,+ /(0 */ 9 )9,) @ ) / >//.c. P/0+ 7 ^ 2' ;J4 4/ +0,/ +>// * *+,7// @ ) *,40 @0/ />//.

L+?0+, ?),)40B 2'' EP 74()00/ (/;0(B 18'

A,;/0/ (+ ,+?0 4/ *)0/ ?(/ ;+,< 4/;+0);0< +0);0 R),)??<2''8

3"


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A,0/ ;/0)/ B

12. ALEGEREA ŞI USTIFICAREA

DISPOXITIVELOR DE ETANŞARE#'


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7tanşările fi!e ale carcaselelor 4/ 4>+ * 40>// (/40) ? ( @0/4+*?/9/,/ *,/ / 4/*9/ $*/,+(0/ (+ ;/ */(/ *7 *,/00/ : +>)00/%4 4/ ;)0// >0+ / /0:/ (/ ;)?( ,//,/ +,;/9,) */,+(0/ @4+4;,+, ((4 +/)< @ (+, ;/4+,) ;< 4/ *)0 ?),)4 *40/ / /0:/.

7tanşările fi!e +ntre capac şi carcasă 4/ ?( (+ >0+ /,/ (0) */40 4+

;0/, ;),/ $A, 4+ C+% @ (+, ,>/,) (+ +,;/9 ,-, >0+ ;/0,( /: ),+, / />,/ )(+,+ +,;/9. 7tanşările mo,ile , 7/,+, ),) / 0/ 4/ 4>+ * 0/;/+, >0+,) *4,< , 70// /+4/< 4+ >0+ ;:/0 / )09/

MATERIALE PENTRU ELEMENTELE DE ETAN AREȘ

P/,/ K / ) + (*(00/ / /0 / (= */ 4+*?/ /,/ +>)4/< 7 (*(00/ș ț ș/ 4) / / ,+?0+, / ) + /40/ , +/ ()/?(/ / ?/(/ /+ ș ț ț ș ț ș ()0(0 (+ ;0/,/,/ ;/0,(/ 70//,/ ;;/ $*/?/(/ / 04, /% /();0/< #ș ț;J4 0/;*/0+ / ,+(+ * , (/ ?+( )/ );, /4/0/ 1''ț ' C.P4, K / (*(0 (0/ / / // ,+? ,) ()/?(/ / ?/(/ /+ ț ț ț ș ț ș/40/ , +/ /+4.țH0 (0)+,ș K 4/ ?),)4/4( , /0 ?/< , */4+ 4(+0/ 0/;*/0+ * , 1''ș ș ' C @0/ / ;)0/ 4/ ;*/>/ (+ 4),+ / +,/ .ț ș șP,+0 K / ()/?(/0 / ?/(/ ;/ ()+(0,00/ 0/;( /+4 /40/ ;*/;/,ș? / ,(=/ , */4+ )4/ /40/ ?>, + 4/ *)0/ ?),)4 /*/00 /. /0 /ț ș ș(*(/,) ,) / +,/.

E,40);/ K /*//007 */0+ (/40 >+* /40/ (+(+(+, 40/0( 4+*)0 /?); ;? >// 4),(0 */(,/ 4/ *0/ + ) , ?);/,/ 4+*?/ /,) ;/0,(/ /40ș ș ț/ /0/ 7/4/ (+ /40/ / , 0*+, ?,++,+ / /0 0 $+,/< + /0(.%.ț ț șP,40);/ K ;0/,/ 40/0/ 0/;),*40/ $, (,+ /7 *,40(/< , /(/ 4/ 4),?(%()/?(/ / ?/(/ /+ .ț șM0/,/ ;/0,(/ K *,+;+, ;),/ $*/0+ ;/ (/%< ,+;+, ;),/ $, */4+/+4/%< (+*+, ;),/ $, 0/;*/0+ (0/%< )+, ,; $/40/ (=;( (0%0+ *,0/ 4+ *)?,0/< /,/ ;47/ /0(.

#1


38/45


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E0 (+ ()0(0 (+ >0+ ; /0 / )0 /ș ș ț

E0 (+ ()0(0 / 04, / (+ (+ /,/ Oș ț

E0 (+ 4/>;/ ;/0,(ș ț

E0 ? ()0(0ș

#3


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E0 ? ()0(0 (+ , ș ț

!I!LIOGRAFIE

1. +,< A. :.. O>/ / ;:< 7),. I// / );/ : /04/ 40/ */0+ *)/(0/ /,/;/0/,) ();*)/0/,/ ;:,)< 7),. I. : II. U7/400/ !:)7< 1"8#.

##


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DESENE

Desene "e e4ecutie#5


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A)/ / 0/

#6


43/45

A)/ 0/;/

#&


44/45

D/4/ / 4;,+#8


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