LECTIA 5, PARTEA INTAI

Ca de obicei, incepem aceasta lec,ie ell recapitularea vocabularului 'inva,at anterior.

A Completa!i propozi1iile in limba engleza ell cuvintele de mai jos:

l.man

~, w]lalllme9. post- office

2. son

~, lell~r10. week

3. Romania

1. DOOK .11. Monday

4. England

12. kitchen

Nu uita!i sa folositi filtruJ ro~u.

Care este a treia zi a saptamanii?

Po~ta se inchide la ora ~ase.

La ce ora se treze~te?

Londra este capitala Angliei.

Tara in care locuim este Romania.

Le voi serie 0 scrisoare.

Am fast acolo lunea treeuta.

Nu poti sa scrii ell stiloul acela.

Mancarea este preparatii in bucatarie.

invatam 0 multime de lucruri din caJ1i.

EI este fiul cclui mai bun prieten al meu.

Ai vazut 0 femeic sau un barbat?

B. Completati propoziliile in Iimba engleza:

Nu au inteles.

Ai vorbit ell el?

Estc 0 gradinita dragut:t

Nu am putut veni mai devreme.

Este a treia oara.

Sa ne ~ezam aici?

EI inca 0 mai iube~te?

Nu I-a citit inca.

Cred ca are dreptate.

Cinematograful este pc partea dreapta.

Ei vorbesc romane~te?

What's the third day of the >\\c"k')

The >posl-oflicL' closes at six.

>\\.'hat tilllL' does he get up?

London is the capital of >Fngland.

The country we live in is >k.olllania.

I shall write a >letter to them.

We were there last >fv1onday.

You can't write with that >pL'n.

The food is cooked in the >kitchen.

We learn a lot from >books.

He is the xon of my best friend.

- Did you see a woman or a >man.'

They didn't :>lmdersland.

Have you >talkL'd to him?

U's a nice >little garden.

I couldn't ::::come earlier.

This is the >t hlid time.

Shall we sit down >hCl'c.l

Does he still >lO\C her?

He hasn't >Iedt! it yet.

I think she >t~ right.

The cinema is >H1 tilL' right.

Do they ::;:..;pt.:ak Romanian'!

c. in acest exerci!iu vom repeta pluralul substantivelor. Traduceti urmatoarele propozi!ii Inlimba engleza, aeordand maxima atcntie substantivelor eu forma de plural neregulata:

S-a intamplat acum cinei ani.

Acolo sunt multe fabrici?

Multe autobuze aveau intarziere.

Am vizitat biserici vechi.

Aceste birouri sunt noi.

CaseJe sunt prea mici.

Avem nevoie de patru barbatipentru aceasta activitate.

Cine sunt aceste femei?

Mil dar picioarele.

Dintii ei sunt foarte albi.

iIi plac gii~tele?Sub podea sunt :joareci.Ei mananca doua paini pe zi.

CaJ1ile sunt pe raft.

Ai pastrat cele doua jumatati?Au cazut toate frunzele.

Putem sa venim eu sotiile?

~ase persoane ~i-au pierdut viata.

Sa folosim cutitele.

iti plae aee~ti cartofi?

Aceste tomate sunt Inca verzi.

Aeei eopii sunt ai ei.

in fenna exista boi.

Caprioarele sunt animale frumoase.

Oile sunt crescute pentru Hina.

Salariile noastre vor cre~te.

Conlinutul acestei sticle este periculos.

in tara dumneavoastra se cultiva ovaz?

Profitul nu este suficient.

De unde are toate aceste bogatii?

2

> It happened five years ago.

> Arc there many factories there?

> Many bus('~ were late.

> We visilcd old churches.

> These offices arc nc",,'.

> The houses arc too small.

> \Ve need four mento do the job.

> Who are those \\'omen'!

> My feet hurt.

> Her teeth are very white.

> Do you like geese?

> There are mice under the floor.

> They eat two IOi.1ves of bread a day.

> The books arc on the slli.:1\cs.

> Have you h:rt the two Iwlvcs'!

> All the leaves h;I\"C l~tIlcn.

> Can \\c bring our \V1\l'S'}

> Six peopk lost their lives.

> Let's use (the) knives.

> How do you lib: these rolatocs?

> These tomatoes ,11\.' ~lill green.

> Those children arc l1"'rs.

> There are oxen ill the farlll.

> Deer are beautiful animals.

> Sheep butt Ie are dangerous.

> Arc outs grown in your conlry'!

> The rrOl:ecJs arc nut sufficient.

> \Vhere hm'l" hIS neill'S ctlme from'?

Majoritatea euvintelor din leqie se refera la spatiu. lata. primul grup deeuvinte. Cititi-Ie eu voce tare, aeoruand maxima atentie pronuntiei:

balloon > Ibalu:n] - balon

sat~ llite > [sEtalaitJ sateHt

fly > [flai] - musca

butterfly > [bata'flai] - fluture

orbit >[0: 'bit] - orbita.

spacecraft > [spolSkraft] -- nava spatiala

space shuttle >[spcrssatl] - naveta sp,qiala

rocket > [rokitj - ri..lchcta

hovercraft > [hova'lra:ft] vchicul CLl perna de aer

kite > [bitj Ztllell (de hartie)

planet >[pIEnit] planeta

gravity >[grEviti] -- gravitatic.forta gravitationala

atmosphere > l Etmastiar] -- atmosferaastronaut > [ Estrano tJ - astronaut, cosmonaut

Si acum sa Ie repetam intr- 0 nita ordine:

planet >[pIEnlt] planeta

spacecraft >[spoiskra:ft] nava spatiala

satellite >[sEtalait] - sateht

atmosphere > [EtmasfiarJ atmosfera

balloon >[balu:nj - balon

rocket >[rokitj - racheHI

kite >[kait] zmeu (de hartie)

butterfly >[bata'flai] fluturc

orbit >[o:~)it] -- orbita

fly > [flaij - musca

gravIty >lgrEvitij -- gravit..qie,foq,! gravitational a

astronaut >[ Estrano:t j -.. astronaut. cosmonaut

hovercraft >[hov~lkra:ftJ- vehicul eu perna de aer

.space shuttle >[ speis satl j--naveta sp;Jtiala

3

Vom folosi acum aceste cuvinte in propozilii. Cititi-Ie ~i retineli traducerea in limba romana:

Gravity causes thingsto fall.

What are the names ofthe planets?

This space shuttle will returnon the Earth in a month.

Balloons are lighter than air.

The Earth moves in an orbitround the sun.

The cat has caught a fly.

Can you make a kite?

Rockets need no air.

A hovercraft is much fasterthan a ship.

We need the atmosphereto breathe.

A butterfly lives for onlya short time.

> 19rEviti co:ziz T'int;:'g~tu foil

> [Uot a: 1[Ya nClnlZ avLYa plEnits]

> [D/is spels ';iatillil ritii:'non D/i a:rT' in amanT']

> [halu:nz 3:1" laitaJ {YFn{Yi C,-lIJ

> llYi a: f '1"" mu:\'z III an o:lbitraund D/a san]

> [IYa hEt hLz hn:t a Ilai]

> [kEn iu mcik a kalt J

> La hO\' la bal~lnai liVE fl/ aunlia ';in:'t 1aim]

- Obiectele cad din cauzafort:ei gravitalionale.

- Care sunt numele planetelor?

- Aeeasta naveta spatiala se vaintoarce pe Parnant peste 0 luna.

~ Baloanele sunt mai u~oaredecat aerul.

~ Pamantul se rote~te pe 0 orbitain jurul Soarelui.

- Pisica a prins 0 musca.

- Poti sa faci un zmeu?

~ Rachetele nu au nevoie de aero

- Un vehiculcuperna de aereste multmai rapid dedit 0 ambarcatiune.

- Avem nevoie de aer sa respirarn.

~ Fluturii traiesc putin.

A lot of satellites are movinground the Earth.

> [a lot av sElablts a: 1 lllu:vin(!:') ~ in jurul Pamantului se roteseraund D/i a:'T"] 0 mullime de satelili.

The spacecraft reachedthe moon after three days.

When did the first astronautsland on the moon?

> [Df~l speiskra:ft ri:t';i1D/a mu:n ana: 1 T"ri: deiz]

> lliLIl did D7a nl:rst Estrano:tslEnd on D/a ll1u:nJ

- Nava spatiala a ajuns pe Lunadupa trei zile.

- Cand au aterizat primiiastronauti pe Luna?

Cu siguran,a nu yeti intampina nici 0 dificultate in rezolvarea exerciliului unnator; completa\ipropozitiile in Iimba engleza eu cuvinte!e noi:

Pamantul parcurge orbita sa in jurul ~ The Earth makes its >orbit round the sunSoarelui intr-un an. In one year.

Copiii se joaca ell zmeie. ~ The children are playing with >kitcs.Un balon poate fi umplut cu aer cald. - A >balloon can be filled with hot air.

Luna este un satelit al Pamantului. - The moon is a >satcllite of the Earth.

Jupiter este cea mai mare planeta. - Jupiter is the largest >planet.

Gravitatia mentine Luna pe orbita. - >Gravity keeps the moon in its orbit.

Fluturii zboara din fioare in fioare. - > Butterflies go from flower to flower.

4

Atmosfera este poluata de oameni.

Sunt multe femei-astronaut?

Un avian poate fi dotat eu rachete.

Erau multi pasageri in vehicululell perna de aero

Nava spatiala s-a intors ell binede pe Luna.

In cafeaua mea este 0 musca.Echipajul tocmai se imbarca pe naveta spaliala.

- The >atlllosphere is polluted by ';lan. ;

- Are there many women among >astronauts?

- An aircraft can be anned with >rockcts.

- There were many passengerson the >huvLrnaft.

- The >spacccnolft has safely returned fromthe moon.

- There is a >lly in my coffee.

- The crew are just boarding the >space shuttle.

Acum yom introduce un alt grup de cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare, acordand 0 atentie deosebitapronuntiei corecte:

solid >lsolidJ - solid, in stare solida

to accomodate > [Iu akOJn~\dLitJ - a caza; a avea capacitate(i'eferifor fa spa!iu)

liquid >llik"id] - Iichid, in stare lichida

to \\'eigh > l III liefJ - a cantari, a avea greutatea de

powerful > tpaUalTlIl] - putemic; influent

to hover >[lu hOVdlJ - a pluti, a se mentine in aer

natural >[nEts;lraIJ - natural

to launch >[tll Jp:nt~] - a Jansa

artificial >[a:rtilisalJ - artificial

to put into orbit >[tu put intu o:'bit] - a piasa pe orbita

red-hot > (,,,dI101] - incandescent

to re-enter > [Ill rienta: r ] - a se intoarce, a reintra

Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in Iimba romana:

Some rockets use solid fuel.

The hovercraft canaccomodate a hundredpassengers.

Air can be made liquid.

>[sam rokits iu:z sulld fiual]

>[fYa l1ova'kra:li kEnakol11adeft a hamlridrEsindj,lrzJ

5

- Unele raehete folosesc combustibilsolid.

- In vehiculul eu perna de aerpot ineapea 0 sutade pasageri.

- Aerul poate Ii licheliat.

On the moon things weighless than on the Earth.

We need a more powerfulrocket.

A helicopter can hover inone place.

The moon is a naturalsatellite of the Earth.

> lon {Ya mu:n TsintL'lgs LleiIcs DIEn 011 Dzi tt:rT~]

> [\Ii l1i:d

Acum ne vom ocupa de seqiunea de gramatica. Yom discuta in aceasta parte a lectiei despresubstantivele care indica genul persoanelor ~i animalelor.

lata cateva perec!ti de substantive care ne ajuta sii facem distincria intre genul masculin $i femininfa pesoane sau animale. in ca~ul elementelor 110i de voeahl/lar, am indicat hare parantezele dreptepronunria eoreetd:

man boywoman girl

son fatherdaughter mother

uncle > IankJ Jaunt > ["nl]

nephew > [neffu]mece > [nls]

actor > [HI"']actress > [ Ekllls]

host > [hausl]hostess > llJauslls]

widower > l Ujdaual'Jwidow > l uid:.lu]

fiance > [ fiansei]fiancee > [ liansei]

bull > [bullcow > [bu]

stallion > [stElian]mare > [mea']

brothersister

- unchi- 1l1atu~a

- ncpot (de IInc/ll/ matl/,wl)- nepo3ta (de ullchfl f1liilll;~ii)

- actor- actri~a

- gazda (masc.)- gazda (fem.)

- vaduv- vaduv3

- logodnic- logodnica

- taur- vaC3

- annasar

- iapa

in multi:' aile cazuri flU exista decdt WI substantiv care denume,~te atdt persoanalanimalul de genjel1lillfn edl Sf pc eea/eel de gen l1lasculin.

friend

teacher

writer

doctor

smger

nurse

\\'orker

prieten, prietena

profesor, profesoara

scriitor, scriitoare

doctor, doctorita

cantaret, cantareata

asistent medical, asistenta medicala

muncitor, muncitoare

7

baby

guest

driver

bebelu~ ({etirii, hiiiere/)

musafir/invitat, musafiralinvitata

~ofer, ~oferi\a

COUSin > lkazn] - var, veri~oara

servant > [sa:1vntJ - servitor, servitoare

journalist > ldj:i:'nalisl] - ziarist, ziarista

canary > [kEna,.,] - canar(mascu) ~i femela)

Pelltrll a putea dis tinge intre mascI/Jill \'ilIeminin, aceste suhstQJltive ."lUll! lnsofite .,'li de alfe substantivecare indica genul, cum arji:

This is my girl-friend.

Come and have a look at our baby~boy.

There are many women-workers in this factory.

There were hardly any male guests.

He has a man-servant.

This book is by a Romanianwoman-writer.

I was helped by a woman-nurse.

He has a cock-canary.

His female-cousin has a hen-canary.

~ Aceasta este prietena mea.

- Vina s3-1 vezi pe micu,u! nostru.

- Sunt multe muncitoare in aceasta fabrica.

- Nu prea erau bttrbati printre invita,i.

-' EI are un servitor.

~ Aceasta carte este scrisa de 0 seriitoareromanca.

- Am fost ajutat de 0 asistenta medieala.

- El are un eanar maseu!.

- Veri:;;oara ei are un eanar femela.

Ccind man sal! woman preced substantivul al carui gen il precizeazii, ambele elemente ale acestorsubstantive compuse \ior primi marca de plural:

a man-servant

a woman-teacher

- three men-servants

- three women-teachers

Dacii man sau woman preced suhsta1Jtivul, dar nu pentru a-i indica genu!, numai af doilea elemental acestor substantive compuse va primi marca de plural:

We konw that certain kinds of fish aremaneaters.

They are woman-haters.

8

- Stim ca anumite specii de pe:;;ti suntdevoratoare de oameni.

~ Ei sunt misogini.

Urm[ltoru) exercitiu va va ajuta sa verifieati dit de bine v-ati insu~it cuno~tintele introduse in aceastaparte a lec,iei. Tradllceti in limba engleza:

Tata1 meu este vaduv de cinci ani.

Multe muncitoare au fost concediate.

Veri~oaramea s-a casatorit ell un brutarsaptamana trecuta.

Sora mea vrea sa devina actri!il.

lnvitatele au plecat devreme.

Crezi ca acest taur este periculos?

Aceasta iapa este foarte rapida.

Sora lui este ~ofer de autobuz.

Se spune ca numai masculii-canar cantil.

Una dintre profesoare1e noastre ~ia pierdut slujba.

o ziarista a vrut sa rna vada.

E bine sa ai multi prieteni.

Poate sa vina eu logodnica lui?

Cine este sotul acelei scriitoare?

> My father has been a widower for five years.

> Many women-\vorkcrs have been fired.

> My cOllsin married a bakerlast \\'l:ek.

> My sister wants to be an actress.

> The female guests left earl~./.

> Do you think this bull IS dangerolls?

> This mare is very fast.

>lIis sister is a bus-driver.

>Thcy say that nnly cock-canaries sing.

>Onc or our tCiJchcrs hJS lost her job.

> A woman-journalist \\~IJlh;d to sec me.

> [t is good to have many frit'nds.

> Can he' bring his fiancee'.)

> \\'ho is that writer's husband'!

Sa repetam cuvintele nou invatate in aceasta lectie. Cititi textul de mai jos, care se refenlla spatiu1cosmic, ~i traduceti1 singuri:

SPACE

Man has always been interested in space and has always wanted to findout whE?ther there was life on other planets. The first artificial Earth satellitewas put into orbit in 1957. Four years later the first astronaut was sent intospace in a spacecraft. In 1969 the first astronauts landed on the moon. Inthe early 1980s Americans built the first space shuttle. A space shuttle islaunched as a rocket and it re-enters the Earth's atmosphere and landslike an aeroplane.

lata traducerea textului in limba romana:

SPATIUL COSMIC

Omul a fast intotdeauna interesat de spa~iul cosmic $i a vrut mereu sa $tl8 dacaexista viata $i pe alte planete. Primul satelit artificial al Pamantului a fast plasatpe orbita in 1957. Patru ani mal tarzlU, primul cosmonaut a fost trimis in spa~iulcosmic cu 0 nava spa~iala. in 1969, primli cosmonauti au aterizat pe Luna. Lainceputul ani!or '80, americanli au construit prima naveta spa~iala. Naveta

spa~iala este lansata ca a racheta $i se intoarce in atmosfera terestra, aterizandca un aVlon.

9

LECTIA 5 - PARTEA A DOUA,

inainte de a va prezenta noul material de sluchu. sa repetam cuvintele pc carc deja Ie cunoa~teti:

A Completa!i propozitiile in limba engleza eu cuvintele urmatoare:

I. daughter5. mouth

Utilizati filtrul ro~u:

2. baby6. tomorrow

3. bed7. months

4. eyes8. desk

EI are in permanenta 0 tigara in gura.

Ea are ochii tatalui sau.

Fiica noaslTa are deja 18 ani.Restul 11 vom face maine.

Sa punem patul in coltul aceta.

Serie loate scrisorile 1a biroul aceta.

Po~i sa ai grija de bebe1u~ pentru 0 zi?Anul are douasprezece luni.

- He always has a cigarette in his> Illouth

- She has the> cycsofher father.

- Our > Jaughteris already 18.

- We shall do the rest> 1011101'1'0\\:

- Let us put the> bed in that corner.

- She writes all the letters at that> desk

- Can you look after the> baby for a day?

- There are twelve> months in a year.

B. in exerci~iul url11ator va trchui sa completati din nou spatiile Iibere din propozitiile in Iimbaengleza. Nu uitati sa cititi apoi cu voce tare propozitiile completate.

Sunt unsprezece jucatori de fiecare parte.

Putem caza douasprezece persoane.

~edinta va incepe intr-o ora.

Vorbim chiar despre accident.

Sa nu ii invitam.

Cand ai de gand sa trimitiaceste scrisori?

Ti-au aratat noul lor birou?

Sambata viitoare lucrez acasa.

Maine dupa-amiaza vom plecain Norvegia.

10

-.. There are >elc\'cn players on each side.

- We can accomodate >twclve people.

- The meeting will start >in an hour.

- We are just talking >ahout the accident.- Let's not invite >thclll.

- \Vhen are you going to >sendthese letters?

- Did they >show you their new office?

- >Next Satun..lay' I'm working at home.

- >TumulTO\\/ anernul1n we are leavingfor Norway.

C, Urmeaza a1t exercitiu recapitulativ, de data aceasta de gramatica. Traduceti urmatoarelepropozitii In limba engleza, fiind atenti la pluralul neregulat al substantivelor:

le-am transmis mu1tumirile noastre.

Imprejurimile sunt frumoase,Toate economiile ei au fost furate,

I . 1 ..12 nu poate S~-~I g~seasc~ panta onn.Ai nevoie de 0 foarfeca.

Ace~ti ochelari sunt scumpi.

Se vede mai bineeu un binoclu.

Ea are douazeci de perechi de pantofi.

Afaeerile au mers bine anul acesta,

Aceasta mobila este foarte veche,

lnfonnatiile au sosit prea tarziu.

Cat s-a progresat?

Era sleita de puteri.

Veniturile au fost folosite bine.

De unde provine aceasta marfa'!

EI a renuntat la toale proprietatile sale.

E Ia numai 0 mila ~i jumalate de aici.Cinci persoane ~i-au pierdut viatain timpul acelui uragan.

Toti ne vom conduceautoturismele (proprii).

Toata lumea a trebuit sa stea in casa.

A trebuit ca fiecare sa prezinte biletul.

Ce varste au copiii'!

C\Ve gave them our Ihanb.

>The sllrroundings are nice.

>AIl her savings were stolen.

> You net'd OJ pair of scissors.

>ThL'sC spectacles an: expenSIVe.

> l'\m can sec it hetter\vith a pair of binoculars.

>She has twenty pairs of shoes.

>lhlSlness has been good this yL'ar.

>Tlus furniture is very old.

> ThL' ll1t'onnation was given too late.

>110\\ much progr~ss has been made'.1

>H~r str~ngth was e,Xhauskd

>1'he re\'cnuc \\'as used \\'~ll.

>\Vhcl'c does this ITILrchandise come from?

>1 Ie has given It is only one mile and a half from here.

>Five people lost their h\'cs111 thaI hurricane.

>\VL' sh~lll all drive our own cars.

>A11 the people had to slay in lheir hOllses.

>They all haJ 10 show their tickets.

>\Vhat are tile childrL'n's ages?

>110\\ many pairs of shoes have you got'?

>The war lasted for six years.

>Thc Jlolice are still looking Corthis crimInal.

Vom inva!a cuvinte noi. care se refera in principal tot la spa!iul cosmic:

solid > [solid] - solid. in stare solida

silence > [sailans] - lini~te

radar > [reida:'] - radar

heavenly body > [hEvanli bodi] - corp ceresc

surface > [sa:'tis] .- suprafata

missile > [misail ] - proiectil, racheta(teleghidata)

star > [st. '] - stea. astru

radiation > [reltiiei~n ] - rrtdiatie

oxygen > [oksidjan] - oXigen

discovery > [diskav.ri] ~ descoperire

solar system > [s:lular sistam] - Sistemul Solar

Sa le mai citim 0 data, in alta ordine:

surface

liquid

star

discovery

missile

solid

solar system

silence

heavenly body

radiation

oxygen

radar

> [sa:'tls]

> [Iik"id]

> [sta:']

> [dlSkavari]

> [misail]

> [solid]

> [sailans]

> [hEvanli bo,li]

> [reidieh;;n]

> [oksidJ:m]

11

- suprafa~a

- Iichid, in stare lichida

_. stea, astru

descoperire

- proiectil, racheta(telcghid.ta)

- solid, in stare salida

- Sistemul Solar

-- Iini~te

- corp ceresc

- radiatie

- oXigen

- radar

Veti intalni acum cuvintele noi in propozitii:

Water is a liquid.

Glass is a solid.

On the moon there iscomplete silence.

Radar is a useful tool.

What heavenly bodiesdo you know?

The surface of some planetsis liquid.

The sun is an average star.

The plane is armedwith missiles.

We need oxygen to live.

Some kinds of radiationarc dangerous.

Have you heard aboutthe latest discovery?

Is ours the only solar system?

>[gla:s iz ,1 solid]

>lon D/a mu:n Dlear jzk:impli:t saibns]

>[rcida: 1 iz a iu:sful tll:l]

>[Uot hEvanli bodizdu iu: nau]

> [(Y,l sa:'fis a\ sam plEnitsiz likllid]

>[fYi..l plelll iz a:rmLllIiTs misailz]

>[Ui: ni:d oksidjan tu li\j

> l S~I!l1 kaindt':1\ r':ldlf.~i~nOxygcn is part of the air we breathe.

- With >radar you can see in the dark.

- Only one >missilc was necessaryto destroy the target.

- What is the nearest >heavcnly body?

~ There are nine planets in the >solar system.

- The doctor says I can only take >liquids.

~ The >surbce of Venus is hiddenby clouds.

- They were eating in >silence.

La temperaturi sub zero grade apa estein stare salida.

Primele stele erau deja vizibilepe cer.

Saarele emite toate tipuriiede radiatii.

Dupa ce s-a descoperit aur, multi au venitin acest ora~.

Sa invatam un nou set de cuvinte:

- At temperatures below zero water is>solid.

- The first >stars were already visiblein the sky.

- All kinds of>raJiation are comefrom the sun.

- After the >Jiscovc:ry of gold many peoplecame to this town.

to guide > [tu ga/d] - a ghiJa, a jnJruma

guided > [gaf(lidJ - ghidat. ell ghid

to discover > l tLi diskava r ] - a Jescaperi

to be weightless > [Ill bl: I'cillis] - a fi impanderabil

to orbit > [tu o;lbilJ - a grav'ita (pc () ol'hi/cl)

to invent > [tu lInent] - a inventa

radioactive > [rl'ldli.luEktivJ - radioactiv

to explore > [tll iksplo:'] - a explonl

solar > l saublJ - solar

to emit > [tu imitJ - a emite, a iradia

lunar > [lu:n~lJ - lunar

to reflect > [tliritlcktJ - a rcflecta

lata acum noile cllvinte intr-un text SCUli. Cititi ClI atentie:

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

The solar system is the sun and the heavenly bodies that orbit it. The sun is a star. Allthe stars are radioactive and emit light. The moon does not emit light; lunar light is thelight reflected from the sun. People and objects are weightless on the moon. Manyinstruments have been invented to explore space. Rockets can be guided from Earthand almost every year new heavenly bodies are discovered.

14

lata ~i traducerea propozitiilor din t~xt:

The solar system is thesun and the heavenlybodies that orbit it.

The sun is a star.

All the stars are radioactiveand emil light

The moon does notemit light..

... lunar light is the lightreflected from the sun.

People and objects areweightless on the moon.

Many instruments have beeninvented to explore space.

Rockels can be gUidedfrom Earth...

...and almost every yearnew heavenly bodies arediscovered.

> [D/a saula' sistam iL D/~I:;an End [)fa hE\'~lllliboJiz DIEt u:'bit it]

> [0:1 (Ya ~t;..l:rZ ,e rcidiauEktivEnd Ilnil L.lltJ

> [[)fa ll1u:n daz notIll1it Iait]

> [IIm;}1 lad iz I)I~I laitn flckt id fnlill {Fa san J

> l pi:pl End obdjikts a: flIeitlis on D/a mu:n]

> [mF.lli instrumants hE\' bi:nill\l'lltld tu iksplo:1' spcisJ

>[rokih kLn bi: g:'lldld1)om a:IT'J

> [Lnd o:lm;lllst l'\ri Iblniu hE\'anli hadiz a:'

Ji~ka\a:'d]

- Sistemul Solar este formatdin Soare ~i corpurile cere.'?ticare graviteazJ in jurul lui.

- Soare1e este 0 stea.

- Toate steleJe sunt radioactive~i emit lumina.

-. Luna nu emite lumina..

... Luna reflecta lumina dela Soarc.

- Oamcnii ~i obiectele suntimpondcrabili pc Luna.

- S-au in\'cntat Illulte instrumentepentru cxploTarca spatiului.

- Rachelele pot Ii ghidatede pc Pamant..

. ~i aproapc in fiecare ansunt descoperite noicorpuri cerqti.

in exerci\iul care UTmcaza veti putea verifica daca ali retinut toate cuvintele noi. Completatipropozitiile in limba engleza, folosind filtrul ro~;u:

Cite planete graviteaza in jurul Soarelui?

Sunetul este reflectat de perete.

EI va va arata drumul prill padure.

Avionul poate scapa de rachetele teleghidate?

Lumina pe care a percepi acum a fost emisain unna ell 0 suta de ani.

Am descoperit ca fusese fural.

Oamenii folosesc tot mai mult caldura solara.

E placut sa fii imponderabil?

Ai grija! Acest material este incaradioactiv.

Regiunea aceea nu a fast explorat3. niciodata.

Muhe lucruri au fast inventatein timpuJ razboaielor.

15

- How many planets :>tnhll the sun?

- The sound is :>rctlcctt:d by that wall.

- He will >~L1idc you through the forest.

- Can a plane escilpe from >~lIided missiles?

- The light you see now was ~lllitlcda hundred years ago.

- We >di:--co\crcd that it had been stolen.

- People are beginning to u~e xnlar heat.

- Is it pleasant to be :>"\:Clghth:~:-;?

- Watch out! That material is still>r '.H I tl);lCt i\'(.: .

- That region has never been :>explored.

- Many new things were >tn\'(.:ntcdduring wars.

Cunoa~teti deja cateva cuvinte care au aceea.:;i forma la singular ~I laplural. lata acum altele din aceea~i categoric:

means > [lni:nzJ - 111UJoc/nlijloacesenes > lsiari:z] - serie/seriibarracks > [bEraks] - baracalbaraci, eazarmacraft > [km:l\] - navalnave

aircraft

hov'ercraft

> [ea'kra:ft]

> [hovi,'kratl]

- aparat!aparate de zbor

- vehieullvehiculeeu perna de aer

lata aCUI11 exemple de prapazitii cu aceste cuvinte:

We shall find another means ofdoing il.

They hav'c tried all possible means.

I have got all the stamps of this series.

These series are very expenslve.

Is there a barracks in this town?

Three more barracks have been built.

What kind of craft is this?

The soldiers were transported byall kinds of craft.

The aircraft is out of order.

Where have these hovercraftbeen built"

- Vom gasi 0 alta calc de a faceacest lucru.

- Au incercat pe toate caile posibile.

- Am toate timbrele din aceasta serie.

- Aceste serii sunt foarte scumpe.

- Exista vreo cazarma in ora.:;?

- S-au mai construit trei baraci.

- Ce fel de naV [D/asUidz] - suedeziithe Finns > llY" finz] - filandeziithe Greeks > [IY" gllks] - greellthe Italians > [1)"1 itEI'anz] - italieniithe Portuguese > [D1[l po:l't:;.ugi:z] _. portugheziithe Belgians > [IYa beldianz] - belgieniithe Danes > [I1',j de;nz] - danezii

16

the French > l LYa frcnt~] - franceziithe Norwegians > l D/;} l1o:l' L1 igianz] - norveglenllthe S\.... iss > [D/~SUis] -- elvetienii

the Dutch > ID'a datsj - olandeziithe English > lDl.i in(g)gli~] - englezii

the Romanians > [D/a rUllll'inianz] - romanii

Dupa cum ati observat, toate aceste substantive sunt precedate de articolul hotarat the.

Sa ne intoarcem la substantive.

Existc! l/n grup de substalltive, 11I1111ite substantive colective care dellumcsc grupuri de oameui .'lUllanimale. Elc po//i clas(jicate in doud cU1egor;;:

1. SrlhstaJlti\'t' coleetive care potfifolos/te atilt Clf U11 verh la plural edt .>'i Clf unulla singular.Duell vre//1 sll ne referim la grup ea 10 un tot lUlitar verbull'a{i la singular; dacii l1e referimlaJiecore indil'id din grup, atl/llci \'omfolosi un verb la plural.

Dil1 aceastd categorie foe parte urmiitoarele substantive:

family army crew enemy

governement > [gov lpablikj - publicteam >lti:m] - echipaflock > Iflokl - tunnaherd > [ha:'d] - cireada

clergy > Ikl:i:'dJII - c1er, reprezentanlii bisericii

lata exemple de propozitii eu substantive din aceasta categorie:

That family has lived here fortwo centuries,

The family were enjoying the sunafter work.

- Familia aceea locuie~te aicide doua secole.

- Toli din familie s-au bucurat de soare dupace au terminat treaba.

2. A doua categorie de substantive calective include suhstalltive care sum/alosite intotdeaul1aell verbe la plural:

cattle

velmm

people

- insecte ~i animale dauna.toare

lata exemple de propozilii cu substantive din aceasta categorie:

The cattle are suffering from cold.

Vermin are small animals that we donot like.

17

- Vitele sufera de frig.

- Daunatorii sunt vietuitoare mici,dezgustatoare.

Suhstanlivele colee/fve care del11lJlleSC IUCfuri sllfIlli)lo.I,'ile Cll un \'(>rh III singular a1Unci cund aujurmcJ de .'IiI/gular ..'Ii elf WI l'erIJ la plural urunci cund (//1 !On/U! de plural:

This merchandise has not been insured.

The contents of this bottle are dangerous.

Aceasttl marfa nu a fast asigurata.

- Continutul acestei sticle este periculos.

Rezolvati acum ultimuJ exercitiu din aceasta leqie, care va va permite sa treceti in revista totmatEfialul nou. Trudu_eli unnatoar~l~ propoili\ii in Iimb~ ~neh;ila;

Nu merita sa cumperi acest armasar.

Iapa este femela caluluL

Logodnica lui este cantareata.

Mai avem nevoie de asistenti medicali.

Ce galagie fac canarii acqtia!

Multe dintre aceste femei sunt muncitoare.

ExisHi. profesoare in aceasta ~co~la?

Au fast 0 serie de accidente eu nave spalialeanul trecut.

Pe ce cai vei Many oflhe women here arL: 1":.1 Are there any \vomen-tcachers at this school?

> There was a series of accidents \\'lIhspacecraft last year.

> By what means do you intend to Jo it?

> These barracks are dirty.

> The French make good wine.

> The Dam's Jive III .1 tl The elll'llly were forced to surrender.

> The team han: prepared well.

> Tht.' cl~rgy have disappointed us.

> People say it is not true.

> The police ha\'(.'nt caught him yet.

> This furniture is very modern.

In final, cititi grupurile de cllvinte care au in camlln un sunet sau un grup de sunete:

la) lo:J [0] [ 01]COUSin orbit hover weigh

but call hot male

sun all not day

bus door rocket say

sUlmner more SlOp pay

I~

RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 5,

5.l. in unele cazuri exist} doua substantive diferite ca forma care ne ajutil sa facem diferenta intrefcminin ~i masculin. de exemplu:

\vidower - vacluv \vidow -- vacluva

bull - taUf cow vaea

actor - actor actress - actrit{lnephew - nepot nIece -- ncpoata

5.2. in multe cazuri exista un singur substantiv care denume~te alat fCl11ininul, cat ~j masculinul,ea de cxemplu:

teacher

fnend

servant

- profesor, profesoara

- prieten, prietena

- servitor, servitoare

wnter

doctor

nurse

scriitor, scriitoare

- doctor, doctori~a

asistent medical.~lsistenta medicala

Daca estc cazul, va fi folosit un a1t cuvant care indica genul substJ.ntivLllui respectiv:

women-doctors - doctorite girl- friend - prietenil

5.3. Atunci dind man sau woman cste primul element al lInui substantiv COlllpllS nu primescmarea de plural daca nu precizeaza genuL de exemplu:

Those animals are maneaters. - Aceste animale sunt dcvoratoare dc oameni.

5.4. Substantive eu aceea~i fonna de singular ~j de plural:

means

senes

barracks

craft

aircraft

hovercraft

- caleicai, mijloc/mijloace- serie/serii

- baraca/baraci;cazarnla

- nava/nave

- aparat( e) de zbor- vehicul(e) ell perna de aer

5.5. Substantive colective care se acorda fie ell un verb la singular, fie eLi unulla plural, cade exemplu:

The crew have to work hard.man.

The crew often changes.

- Membrii echipajului trebuie sa faca eforturi

- Echipajulll'l este schimbat adesea.

Substantive colective care se acorda ell verbe la plural, ca de exemplu cattle. peuple (eusensul de oameni, fume), vermin:

The cattle are grazing.

The vermin are damaging the crops.

- Vitele pasco

- Daunatorii prejudiciaza recoltcle.

Uncle substantive cu sens colectiv se folosesc fie numai ell verbe la singular, fie numai euverbe la plural:

Their property has heen sold.

The surroundings are beautiful.

19

- Bunurile lor au rost vandute.

- Imprejurimile sunt frumoase.

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 5

A Traduce'l urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

l. My niece visited us last week.

2. She no longer wants to be a teacher.

3. Her progress has been slow.

4. He has always been a \voman-hater.

5. What are these aircraft used for?

6. The public don'l know what to do.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Inforll1a~ia i-a fast data de catre logodnicul sau.

2. Sunt multe ziariste?

3. Satariile aLI creseut rapid.

4. Averea lui este enOfma.

5. Armata a fast atacata in zori.

6. Aceasta actrita este vaduva.

C. Fiecarui cuvant de pe coloana A ii corespunde 0 explicatie de pe coloana B. Gasi'ti explicatiacorespunzatoare fiecarui cuvant:

A

1. mare

2. canary

3. missile

4. nephew

5. herd

20

8

a. a kind of bird

b. one's brother's/sister's son

c. female horse

d. a group of animals of one kind

c. a kind of weapon

LECTIA 6, PARTEA INTAI

Ca de obicei, incepem 0 naua leetie ell recapitularea vocabularului.

A Completati propozitiile in limba engleza ell cuvintele de mai jos:

I. sister

5. garden

9. way

2. hand

6. question

10. plane

3. fish

7. money

4. animals

8. suit

Ai vazut vreun animal in padure?

Port costumul eel nOll duminica.

Unica lui sora locuie~te in Italia.

Sunt 0 multime de pe~ti in acest lac.

Nu am mel'S niciodata ell avionul.

Nu avcm nici un capac in gradina.

i~i tinea mana la spate.Nu pfea am inteles intrebareape care 1TI1-al pus~o.

- Did you see any >animals in the forest?

- I wear my nev.'est >suit on Sundays.

- His only >sister lives in Italy.

- There is a lot of>fish in this lake.

- I've never travelled by >planc.

- We haven'l got any trees in our >garden.

- She held her >hand behind her back.

- I haven't quite understood your>qucstioll.

Puteti sa ne spuncti cum ajungcm la po~ta'? ~ Can you tell us the >v./ay to the post-office?

Ace~tia sunt toti banii pc care ii poticheltui?

- Is this all the> mOllcy you can spend?

B. Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Adu-mi ceva de baut.

Cat de des magi la Londra?

Caut a camera ieftina.

Au platit deja?

Cateodata este greu sa continui.

Elli-a zambito

Unde tineti gainile?

Nu a 3uzit nimic.

Ai incercal'!

EI are aeeasta carte, dar nu 0 daeu imprumut.

21

- > Bring me something to drink.

- How often do you> fly to London?

- I'm looking for a >chcap room.

- Have they >paid yet?

- It is >somctimes difficult to go on.

- He >smilcd at you.

- Where do you> keep the hens?

- He has> heard nothing.

- Have you> tried?

-- He has this book> but he doesn'tlend it.

c. in cele ce urmeaza yeti repeta folosirea genitivului sintetic ~i a genitivului cu of.Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii:

Ai Y3zut ma~ina lui Jane? > Ha\'l.~ you seen Jane's car?

Acesta este fratele prietenului meu. > This is my friend's brother.

Acestea sunt c3r1ile copiilor. > These are the children's books.

Casa parintilor mei este mica. > My p The clothes of the people were very old.

Aceasta este 0 gre:;;eala a preotilor. > Thal is a mistake orthe clergy.

Peretii camerei sunt albi. > The \\:alls ()fthe mom arc white.

Biroul in care lucra tatal meu a fost inchis. > My! f~lther's office has heell closed.

22

Sa invatam cuvinte noi, care se refera la animale. Cititi cu atentie:

predator > lprcdata f ] - animal de prada

tiger > [taiga'] - tigru

lion > [Iaian] - leu

ostrich > [ostrit~J - strut

whale > ["eil] - balcna

amphibian > [Emfibian] - amfibie

snake > [snefk] -- ~ l k"odruped] - patruped

flesh > [fle.,] - carne

elephant > l eli tan!] - defant

mammal > [mEmal] -- mamifer

Sa Ie mai citim 0 dati, intr-o alta ordine:

mammal > [mEma!] -~ mamifer

lion > [la,an] - leu

flesh > [fles] - came

elephant > [eldemlJ elefant

tiger > [tatg:lfJ tigru

predator > l pred'lla'] - animal de prada

amphibian > [Emflbi'lnJ - amfibie

ostrich > [ostrit::;] - strutwhale > [UeilJ - bale",1

quadruped > lk\lodruped] patruped

snake > l >lleIk] -- ~arpe

23

lata un dialog in care apar toate cuvintele nOl. PersonajeJe dialogului, Chris ~i Laura, viziteaza 0gradina zoologiea. Cititi eu atentie:

ATTHEZOO

Ch: Here we are at the zoo entrance.

L: I'd like to see the predators first.

Ch: All right. We have to go left t.9 get to the tigers and lions.L: Do you know if there are whales here?

Ch: I'm afraid there aren't. But it would be great to see a blue whale.

L: Yes, it's the largest mammal in the world.

Ch: It's even the largest living animal.

L: I read in a newspaper that an elephant was born in this zoo a few weeks ago.

eh: That's interesting. We'll have to go and see it.

L: Are elephants flesh-eating animals?

Ch: No, they aren't. You konw, I heard that this zoo had received two ostriches from aforeign zoo.

L: Oh, I'd love to see them. I know one thing: I don't want to see the snakes.

Ch: But they are just in the building in front of us There are also frogs and other amphibians.

L: Let's not go there then. I'd prefer to see some birds and quadrupeds.

Sa e:x.ers3m ileum pronuntia fieearei propozitii din acest dialog, aeordfmd atentie tradueerii in limbaromana:

Here we are at the zooentrance.

I'd like to see the predatorsfirst.

All right.

> [hi~1'" \Ii: a: r Et IY~l zu:entrans]

> laid laik tu si: D/a predi.l.tafz13:'st]

> [a:lrai!]

- Iata-ne la poarta gradiniizoologiee.

- A~ vrea sa vad animalelede prada mai intai.

- in regul.

We have to go left to getto the tigers and lions.

> [tli: hEv tu g,tU left tu get - Va trebui sa 0 luam la stangatu Dlj taigarz End [Ytllaianz] ca sa ajungem la tigri ~i la lei.

Do you know if there arewhales here?

I'm afraid there aren't.

But it would be great to seea blue whale.

Yes, it's the largest mammalin the world.

It's even the largest livinganimal.

> [du iu: l1i.lU if Dlear a: fLJeilz ilia: ']

> [bat it t1 ud bi: grcit III si:a bill: tleil]

> lies its IY~l Ja:l'dji~t mEmal111 IYa ua:'ldJ

> lits i:\'n IY;lla:'d.1L..;llhJJ1I.\:')Enima!]

24

- Stii daca sunt balene aid?

- Ma tern ca nu.

- Dar ar fi grozav sa vedema balen. albaslr.

- Da, este eel mai mare mamiferdin lume.

- Este ehiar eel mai mareanimal existent.

I read in a newspaper that;:m elephant \vas born in thiszoo a few weeks ago.

That's interesting.

We'll have to go and see il.

Are elephants flesh-eatinganimals?

No, they aren'1.

> [al r~J in a niu:7pclp;/ DiEtan elinlllt 1I 0 ? bo;'n in D'l\zu: ;:1 fiu: lJi:ks agallJ

> [fYEts intristin1t: 1]

> l Ui:1 hEv tll gau End si: it]> [a: 1 elifants tle:::i:tin(g)

Enimalz]

> [nau D/ei a:l"n1]

- Am citit intr-un ziar ca acumcateva sapHimani s-a nascut une1efant in accasta gradina zoologica.

- Interesant.

- Va trehui sa mergem s3o-1 vedem.

- Elefanlii suntanimale carnivore?

- Nu.

You know, I heard that this > [iu nau ai ha:l'd D"Et I)liszoo had received two ostriches zu: hEd risi:vd tu: ostrit~izfrom a foreign zoo. from a forin zu:]

Stii, am auzit ca aceasta gradinazoologica a primit doi struti de lao gradina zooIogica din strainatate.

Oh, I'd love to see them.

I know onc thing: I don'twant to see the snakes.

But they are just in thebuilding in front of liS.

There are also frogs andother amphibians.

Let's not go there then.

I'd prefer to see some birdsand quadrupeds.

> [

Camea caprei era calda 'inca.

Leul este numit uneoriregele animalelor.

Elefantii 'i~i pot aminti unele lucful".idupa multa vreme.

Tigrul se inrude~te cu pisica ~i cu leu!'

Sa nu-mi spui mie ea ratele au patm picioare!

- The >tlesh of the goat was still warm.

- The> lion is sometimes call~dthe king of all animals.

- > Elephants can remember thingsfor a long time.

- The >tiger is related to the cat and the lion.

- Don't tell me that ducks are >quadrupeds!

lata un alt grup de e~vinte legate de animale. Cititi-Ie eu atentie:

poisonous > [poizanas] - otravitor, veninos

extinct > [ikstin(g(kt] - disparut

tame > [tefm] - imblanzit, dresat

wild > ["afld] - salbatic

migratory > { maigratari] - migrator

to hunt > [tu han!] - a vana

to tame > l tu kim] - a imblanzi

to migrate > [Illmaign:it] - a nllgra

to abound > [Ill abaLllldJ - a abunda, a avea din bel~ug

to hibernate > [Ill haiharneil] - a hibema

to bark > llu ba:'k] ~ a latra

cunmng > [kanin l .")] - viclean

lata acum exemple de propozitii in care apar noile cuvinte:

Do sparrows migrate'!

Not all snakes are poisonous.

In what countries do tigersabound?

Have you ever seen a lamelion?

A dog barked in the distance.

An imals that are extinctare no longer foundon the earth.

> l dLl spErauz maigreit]

> [nolo:1 snL'iks a:1' poizanas]

> [in ~IOI kantnz dLl taigarzabaund]

> [hEv ill: 'va T si:n a kimlaian]

> la dog ba:llt in D/a dislans]

> [Enimalz [YEt a: r ikstinl;;lkta: 1 nau lonlt:)a l faundon [Yi a:ITsJ

26

- Vrabiile migreaza?

- Nu toti ~erpii sunt venino~i.

- in ce tari exista un oumarmare de tigri?

- Ai vazut vreodata un leudresat?

- Un caine latra in departare.

- Animalele disparutenu mai pot fi gasitepe paman\.

A hibernating animal eatshardly anything.

The fox is said to bea cunning animal.

There are no wild horses inthis country any more.

birds?

It is forbidden to hunt theseanimals.

Even a tiger can be tamed.

> la h

Si substantivele furniture ~i information pot fi numarabile. Pentru caele au numai fonna de singular, ele pot fi cuantificate cu ajutorul altorcllvinte, de exemplu: article, piece, bit, care pennit evidentierea numarului:

Exemple de propozitii:

He has several businesses in to\\!n.

What are the properties of oxygenO

a piece of infonmltion

two pieces of information

lata exemple de propozi\ii:

I want to sell a few articles/pieces of furniture.

That was the only piece/bit of informationthey gave us.

- El are d.teva finne in ora~.

- Care sunt proprieta1ile oxigenului?

- 0 informatie

~ doua infonna1ii

- Vreau sa vand ni~te piese de mobilier.

- Aceasta este singura infonnatiepe care ne-au dat-o.

Substantivul din eadrul lmui grup ill care se mai {{flil .yi un numeral nu se acordii la plural eunumeralul atunei eand acest grup determinG un alt .\'Ubstantiv:

a five-year-old girl

a 1DO-page book

a ten-man crew

the eight-hour working day

a four-mile walk

a five-seat car

- 0 fata de cinci ani

- 0 carte de 100 de pagini

- un echipaj de zece aameni

- ziua de mundl. de opt are

- 0 plimbare pe a distanta de palru mile

- 0 ma~jna cu cinci Iacuri

Nu lIilari cd in exprimarea :ilnpului ~'ii distan!elo!_ se folose ..'ite genitivul:

a six miles' walk

the hundred years' war

yesterday's newspapers

last year's hurricane

28

- 0 plimbare pe 0 distanta de ~ase mile

- razboiul de 0 suta de ani

- ziarele de ieri

- uraganul de anul trecut

In exercitiul unnator ve~i putea aplica regulile pe care tocmai le-ati invatat. Traduceti in limbaengleza urmatoarele propozi~ii:

Un barbat de ~aptezeci de ani ~i-a pierdut soliain acest accident.

Toate companiile lui au fast vandute.

Plectun intr-o vacanta de trei saptamani.

Proprieta~ileacestui lichid nu suntcunoscute inca.

C~lteva articole de l110bilierau fast deteriorate.

Acestc informatii nu sunt suficicnte.

Au traversat oceanul intr-un avionde 300 de pasageri.

Ea are a ma~ina ell dou;] locuri.

Am primit 0 serisoare de cinci pagini de la el.

Vei urm~lri mcciul de mfline?

lata in eontinuare cateva denumiri geografice:

>A seventyi-year-old man lost his \vilein the i.1ccident.

>All his businesses have bcen sold.

> \\,'e arc going on a three weeks" holiday.

>The properties of thIs liquid are notknown yd.

>Se\'l:ral articles of furnitureha\'L been dal1l These r1cces l) r in format ion are not sufficient.

> They crossed the neC,1ll in aJOO-passenger plane.

> She has a two-seat car.

> I got a five-page letter from him.

>Are you going to watch tomolTow\ match?

Asia

Africa

America

Australia

The Baltic Sea

The North Sea

The Balkans

The Carpathian Mountains

The Mediterranean Sea

The Black Sea

Moldavia

The Danube

Transylvania

The Danube Delta

> l elpJ - Asia> [Efnka] - Afi-ica

> lamcrikl.l] - America

> [ostredia] - Australia

> [IYa bo:ltik si:] - Marea Baltica

>[D7.ano :rpsi:] - Marea Nordului

> l DLj bo:lk;:mz] - Peninsula Balcanica

> [DFa meditareinian si:] - Marea Mediterana

>[IYabIEksi:] - MareaNcagra

> [moldeivia] - Moldova

> [D'a dEniub] - Dunarea

> l trEnsilveinia] ".. Transilvania

> [D'a dEniub delta] - Delta Dunarii

29

Substantivele care urmeazd exprimii un anumit Ilumdr: ele nu tree la plural dupii numerale saudupii s:.!'-~raJ sau a few:dozen > l ciazn] -duzina

gross > [gratis] - douasprezece duzini

score > [sku:'] - douazeci

Cuvdntul gross este urmat de prepozi!ia of. dar in cazullui dozen $i allui score, nu existii nici 0prepozi!ie [/ltre acestea # substantivul pe care il determina, ca de exemplu:

five gross of pens

a few gross ofpens

three score years

a few score years

six dozen eggs

several dozen eggs

- 720 de creioane (5 x 12x 12)

- cateva zeci de duzini de creioane

- ~aizeci de ani

- cateva zeci de ani

- ~ase duzini de oua

- cateva duzini de oua

Observatie: intrucat In limba romana nu exista substantive care sa corespunda lui gross ~i lui score,atunci dind Ie traducem nu putem decat sa calculam numarul exact de abiecte daca sunt precedate deun numeral (exemplu: three score books - ~aizeci de carti; two gross ofpencils 288 de creioane) sausa aproximam numarul, daca sunt precedate de a few sau several (exemplu: sel'eral score cars -diteva zeci de ma~ini; a few gross ofboxes - cateva sute/zeci de duzini de cutii)

Cand aceste substantive nu sunt precedate nici de pronume, nici de numerale pot avea forma deplural:

dozens of ducks

scores of people

- duzini (zeci) de rate

- zeci de oamen i

Cuvintele hundred, thousand, million nu apar la plural atunci cdnd sunt precedate de un numeralcardinal eu va/owoe de adjectiv:

two hundred colleagues

five hundred years

eight million people

- doua sute de colegi

- cinci sute de ani

- opt milioane de oameni

Dacti aceste cuvinte sum precedate de pronumele a few sau several, potfi folosite fie 10 singular. fiela plural: ~- ~ -~

a few hundred peoplesau: a few hundreds of people

several thousand planessau: several thousands of planes

a few million carssau: a few millions ofcars

30

- cateva sute de oameni

- c~1teva mii de avioane

- cateva milioane de ma~ini

C(illd aeeste euvinte sunt precedate de pronumele some, ele slint folosite la plural ~..i urmate deprepozi{ia of, ca de exemplu:

some hundreds of stamps

some thousands of prisoners

- diteva sute de timbre

- cateva mii de prizonieri

Prollumele some poate/i/olosit \'1i ell valoare adverhiald, eli sensul de: in jUf de, aproximativ. EI esteapoi urmal de forma de singular, ca de exemplu:

I have some thousand books in my room. - Am In jUf de 0 !TIie de caTti In camera mea.

Hundred, 'lrousand, mil/ion fJotjifolosite ..'Ii la pluml, atunei cand nu sunt preceJate de un prOllumesau de un numeral. in acest caz, ele sunt urmale de prepo=i!ia of

hundreds of birds

thousands of wasps

millions of people

- sute de pasari

-- mii de viespi

- milioane de oameni

Sa ne oprim aClIl11 asupra ultimului grup de cuvinte noi din aceasta lec!ie. Sunt tot denumiri geografice;citi!i-le Cll voce tare:

The Indian Ocean > l D"i indian illl~nJ - Oceanul IndianThe Pacific Ocean > I D"a pasifik all~n] - Oceanul Pacific

The Arctic Ocean > l D"i a:Jktik all~n] - Oceanul Arctic

The Caspian Sea > [D"a kEspi[lIl si:] -- Marea Caspica

The English Channel > [D/j in(~)gl[::, t.'5EnalJ - Canalul Manecii

The Red Sea > [fYared si] - Marea Ro~ie

Russia > [rasaj - Rusia

Romania > [rumeiniaJ - Romania

Hungary > 1hanl.!:'\g~lri] - Ungaria

Bulgaria > 1halgeariaj - Bulgaria

Rezolva~i acum ultimul exerci!iu din aceasta parte a lec,iei; traduce!i urmatoarele propozitii inIimba engleza:

De unde pot ob!ine informatii despre aceastagradina zoologic~l'?

Aceste finne vand animaIe salbatice.

Acest avian are un echipaj de opt persoane.

31

> \Vhcr-:- can I get lhL information ;jhoutthis zoo'.)

> These hll~JtlL'sses sell \\"Jld animals.

> Thi:-; airltncr has an eight-man cre\v.

Cuno~ti proprietatile sticlei?

Nu mai este lac pentru incaa piesa de l11obilier.

Milioane de pasari migreaza in mod regulat.

~edinta de stlptamana viitoare este importanta.

Este 0 treab" de trd minute./

Ai traversat vreodata Marea Neagra?

Mii de balene sunt prinse inOceanul Arctic.

In Dunare se gasesc pe:;iti din abundent~Lin Africa sunt din ce in ce mai putinilei ~i elefanti.

$aizeci de ~erpi au fast uci?i Intr-o singura zi.

Sunt a~teptati patru sute de invitati.

Ciiteva mii de persoane au venitdin Ungaria.

Aproximativ zece nave au naufragiat peMarea Caspica.

Aceste anirnale au disparut acumcateva milioane de ani.

> Do \'PU 1\11m\! the properties of the glds~?

> Th .... L\.' i:-; no room ror anotherarticle offurniture.

> Millions of birds migrate regularly.

> ~,k\.t \\"Cck's meeting \\ill be important.

> It's only a ten minutes'job.

> Have you e\'t~r crossed the Black Sea'.)

> Thousands of \\'h::lJcs ;11"(' caug:ht illthe Arctic Ocean

> Fish abound In thl' D'll1uhe.

> There i.lre k\\er and k\\t..'1"lil)l)", and ck'plwnts in ,-\rnGL

> Three score snake,..; \\er .... kilk:u in one day.

> Four hundred guests are expected.

> Several thousand pcopk ha\'c Cllllll'from Hungary.

> Some ten ships \\ erc \vrccked onthe Caspian Sea.

> A few million y'ears ~Il:!0 tho,e ;lIlim:J1sbecamc cxtinct.

in incheiere, diteva grupuri de cuvinte care au in comun acela~i sunet:

[ail l u] [ciJ [ EJtiger zoo tame manunal

wild moon snake can

ehild blue break and

time through day planet

I you name rat

32

LECTIA 6 - PARTEA A DOVA,

in aceasta parte a lec!iei vom incerca sa fixam in memorie materialul introdus pc parcursullecliilor5 ~i 6. Concentrati-va asupra exercitiului recapitulativ. iar in cazul in care aveti eziHlri revenitiasupra matcrialului din interiorul caietulul.

Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele propozitii:

Aceasta actrita apare in zeci de filme.

Taurii au scapat de pcpa~unea fermierului.

Nu am cunoscut-o inca pc prietena fiului meu.

Nepoata ei locuie~te in Transilvania.

Sunt -?i ziariste printre angajatii acestei reviste?

Profesoara mea imi va l111prumuta unadin carlile ei.

Servitorii lui au dresat Lin tigru.

Unele specii de ~erpi sunt devoratoare de oame-ni.

Armasarul este calulmascul.

Logodnica lui vrea sa fie scriitoare.

Finlandezii sunt buni alergatori pe distante lungi.

Am lacuit destul in aceasta baraea.

Au pus 0 lunga serie de intrebari.

Vehiculele ell perna de aer sunt avioanesau ambareatiuni?

Exista vreun alt mijloc de a reintrain atmosfera terestra?

In echipa noastra sunt trei spanioli.

Tati mcmhrii echipajului s-au inecat.

Politi::;tii folosesc aparate radar.

Sumele incasate sunt folosite corespunzator.

Inamicul a fast compIet surprins.

Nu s-a dat nici 0 infonnatiedespre descoperire.

33

> That ac1n:ss Gln hI.: seen in dozens of films.

> Thl' bulls escaped fromthe Lllmcr':-i p:h111n:.

> Are tllerl..' allY \\ Unll'll-.!ournallsls among1he ....'ll1ploycL's ()I" this Ill:q;azillt:'!

> 1\1).' tc-aeh\?1 \\"111 IClld ilK lltlC ofhl.'r boob.

> SlHl1e kinds or :-;llakc:-. ,liT malleaters.

> i\ sullion is a mal..: hnr:-c.

> Ilis l"ianeL'c \\~lllts tt) hL' il WI lILT

> The !-'inns an: gOl)d hl1l:;-distance runnel's.

> I ha\'L' li\cu in tIllS barrack.... long enough.

> TllI::y asked a lnng series of questions.

> Are hon:rcrart planesor ships"

> Is there another l1lL';}tlS nr re-I.'nteringthl.' 11lJlll)sphcl"l.".)

> Then: are three Sp~\Ilianb in our team.

> The crC\\ \\..::rl.' all dmwncd.

> The pollee usc rilU~lrs

> Thc proceeds arc used well.

> The enemy \\-as completely surpnseu.

> "Jo information was l:,'1\'cnabollt the dIscovery.

lata ultimul execitiu al acestei lectii. Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintelecorespunzatoare:

Aceasta finna, care avea 0 activitate decincizeci de ani, a fost inchisa.

Stirn care sunt proprietatilesuprafetei lunare.

in nava spatiala poate incapea un echipajde trei persoane.

Ce fel de companii se aflape aceasta strada?

Unica piesa de mobilier eraomasa grea.

Am fost plasali pe 0 orbita de 0 ora ~i .Iumatate.

Peninsula este vizitata de miide turi~ti.

De obicei ne petrecem vacantele laMarea Neagra.

Ei merg intr-o excursie de trei ~e inMuntii Carpati.

Din casa mea cu cioci camere am 0 perspectiv3frumoasa asupra Ouna-rii.

Exista multe obiective industriale in Moldova?

EI a descoperit aproximativ douazecide corpuri cere~ti.

Ei vor avea nevoie de doua duzini de paine.

Cateva sute de invitati au fast prezentila nunta.

Sute de pasari mor in fiecare anpe marile poluate.

Oceanullndian se afla intre Africa~i Australia.

Unde se atla Marea Ro~ie?

Radarul Ii poate detecta de la 0 distantade cinci sute de mile.

34

- This >fifty-yt:ar-old businesshas been closed.

- We know the propertiesof the >Iunar surlJcc.

- The spacecraft can accol11odatea >thrcc-man crew.

- What kinds of >busincsses are therein this street?

- The only >picce of furniture wasa heavy table.

- We were put into an >hour-anJ-a-hnlforbit.

- The >peninsula is visited by thousandsof people.

- We usually spend our holidays atthe Black Sea.

- They are going on a three weeks' trip tothe >Carpathian Mountains.

- From my >fi\c-rool11 house I have a niceview of the >Danubc.

- Is there much industry in > Moldavin?

- He discovered >SOIllC twentyheavenly bodies.

- They will need two >dol'.cn loaves of bread.

- > A fe'\! hundred guests were presentat the wedding.

- > Hundreds of birds die every yearin the polluted seas.

- The >lndian Ocean is between Africaand Australia.

- Where is the >Red Sea?

- Radar can see them froma >five hundred miles' distance.

RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI 6,

6.1. Business ~i propert)' au cateodata forma de plural:

There are no businesses in this street.

What are the properties of water?

- Nu eXlsta nici 0 firma pe aceasta strada.

- Care sunt proprietatile apei?

6.2. Furniture ~i information pot fi folosite la plural eu ajutorul altar cuvinte care precizeazanumarul (article~ bit, piece):

He needs a few more pieces of furniture. - EI mai are nevoie de diteva piese de mobilier.

That was the only bit of information we got. - Este singura informatie pe care 0 avem.

6.3. Substantivul precedat de un numeral, impreuna eu care fOffi1eaza un grup care determina unalt substantiv, nu prime~temarca de plural:

a five-year-old girl

a three-bedroom house

- 0 fata (in varsta) de cloci ani

- 0 casa ell trei dorrnitoare

6.4. Dozen, gross, score apar la singular dupa numerate ~i determinanti precum: several, a few, cad~ exernplu:

five gross of pens

a few score years

- 720 de creione

- cateva zeci de ani

Cand aceste cuvinte nu sunt precedate de determinanti, ele pot aparea la plural, ca in exemplul:

dozens of ducks - zeci de rate

6.5. Hundred, thousand, million nu pot fi folosite la plural dupa numerale ~i determinanti detipul: several, a few:

two hundred colleagues

a fev,' hundred colleagues

sau

a few hundreds of colleagues

- doua sute de colegi

- cateva sute de colegi

-- cateva sute de colegi

Atunci cfmd nu sunt precedate de nici un determinant, pot aparea la plural:

hundreds of birds - sute de pasari

6,6, Some poate preceda hundred, thousand, million, in acest context avand sensul de:"'aproximativ", '"in jur de"

Some thousand books are needed.

35

- Este nevoie de aproxim

TEMA PENTRU ACASA 6

A Traduce!i urmatoarele cuvinte in Iimba ramana:

1. There are ten million hungry people in that country.2. She has some eight hundred books.3. I saw that there were dozens of flies on the meat.4. He will have to buy a few pieces offumiture.5. We went to a small ninety-seat cinema.6. What does a six-year-old child know of such things?

B. Traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

1. De cat limp ai aceasta firma?2. Ei au ars cateva mii de ca.I1i.3. Aceasta descoperire a fast :tacuta eu zeci de ani in unna (folos;{; score).4. Va trcbui sa cumpere cateva piese de mobilier.5. Aceasta clad ire are sule de ani.6. Mulle piese de mobilier au fast pierdute in unna incendiului.

C. Completa!i propozi!iile de mai jos alegand varianta coreeta:1. We received two '._ .

a) informationsb) pieces of informationc) information

2. We've seen ... birds flying over the lake.

a) dozensb) dozenc) dozens of

3. The church was built four ... years ago.

a) hundredb) hundredsc) hundred, of

4. The spacecraft \.... ith a ... cre"' \vas launched yesterday.

a) three-manb) three-menc) three-men's

5. It is just a ... walk from here.a) two milesb) two mile'sc) two miles'

36

VOCABULARUL LECTIILOR 5 SI 6, ,

to abound

to accomodate

actor

actress

Africa

America

amphibian

Arctic Ocean

article of furniture

artificial

Asia

astronaut

atmosphere

aunt

Australia

Ba1can Peninsula

Balcans

ball on

Baltic Sea

to bark

barracks

bit of information

Black Sea

Bulgaria

bull

butterfly

canmy

Carpathian Mountains

Caspian Sea

clergy

cock

COUSin

craft

cunnmg

Danube

Danube Delta

to discover

discovery

> tIll abaulldJ

> llLi akomudL'itJ

> [Ekl"']> [Htri,!> [Efrika]> lJ.llll'rikaJ> [EmfibianJ> la:'ktik all~nJ> [a:\tikl av ra:llllt~{11 J> [a:rtiti5alJ> [elja]> [[,trlanol]> l Ellll [a Ill]> [oslrel1i{IJ> lbo:lblll pininsiula]> [D'a bo:lkallz]> [balu:ll]> [bo:ltik SI]> [Iu ba:'k]> [bErab]

> [biEk siJ> l haJgeari~l]> [bulJ> l bata'flal]> IkEnari]> [ka:rpeiT'ian 1l13ulltinz]> [kEspian sJ:]> [kla:'djiJ> l kok]> [kaznj> [kraft]> l kanin"']> l dEniubJ> l dEnlUb delta]> tttl diskav':{]> Idiska"lrIl

37

- a abunda in; a poseda din bel~ug- a avea 0 capacitate de, a cuprinde

- actor

- actrita

- AtTica

- America

- amfibie

- Oceanul Arctic

- piesa de mobiher

- artificial

- Asia

~ astronaut

- atmosfera

- matu~a

- Australia

- Peninsula Balcanica

- Balcanii

- balon

- Marea Baltica

- a Jatra- baraca, cazanna

- informa\ie

- Marea Neagra

- Bulgaria

- taur

- fluture

- canar (mascul sau femela)- Munlii Carpati

- Marea Caspica.

-- reprezentantii bisericii, cleml

- coco~

- Val'

- nava., ambarcatiune

- viclean, ~iret

-- Dunarea

- Delta Dunarii

- a descoperi

- descoperire

elephant > [olimnt] - elefant

to emit > [tll imit) - a emite

English Channel > [in':,:')gli~ t.)Enal] - Canalul Manecii

to explore >[tu iksplo:'] - a explora

extinct > [ikstinkt] - disparut

female > [f1meil] - femela

fiance > [fiansei] - logodnic

fiancee > [fiansei] - logodnica

flesh-eating > l tlesi:tmlg l ] - carmvor

flesh > [tle,l - came

flock > [flokJ - tunna

fly > [ flaiJ - musea

government > [gavafnmant] - guvern

gravity > (grEviti} - gravitatie

gross > [graus] - 12 duzini

to guide > [Ill galtl] - a indruma, a ghida

guided > [ga"lidJ - eu ghid. ghidat

heavenly body > [heyanli bodi] - corp ceresc

herd >[ha:'d] - cireada

to hibernate > [tu haibn1neit] - a hiberna

host >[hou5t] - gazda

hostess > [haustisJ - gazda (fem. )

to hover > [tu hoy"'] - a pluti

hovercraft > [hoya'krEtlJ - vehicul eu perna de aer

Hungary > [hangari] - Ungaria

to hunt > [tu ham] - a vana

Indian Ocean > l indian au~n ] - Oceanul Indian

to invent > [ttl invent] - a inventa

journalist > [dja:1nalist] - ziaristJupiter > [dJu:pita'J - Jupiter

kite > [kait] ~ zmeu de haTtie

to launch >[tu 10:nt,J - a Iansa

lion >[laian] - leu

38

liquid

lunar

male

mammal

maneater

mare

means

Meditenanean Sea

to migrate

migratory

missile

Moldavia

natural

nephew

niece

North Sea

orbit

to orbit

ostrich

oxygen

Pacific Ocean

page

piece of information

planet

poisonous

powerful

predator

property

public

to put into orbit

quadruped

radar

radiation

radioactive

red- hot

Red Sea

> Ilik"ldJ

> IIu:n,,']> [mell]

> [mEma!]

> [mEni:ti/J

> [mc:l]

> [mi:nz]

> ll1lLditareinian si:]

> [tll maign:it]

> [maigr[ltlri J

> lmisail J

> [moldcnia]

> InEt,ar"l]> Inefiu:]

> [nl:s]

> [no:'T" si:j> [o:'bll]

> [tu o:'bllJ

> l ostnt~]> [obldlan]

> [pasifiK all~nJ

> [peidn> lpi:s 3\' Inf~{ll1ci~nJ

> [pIEl1It]> [poizanas]

> [pau"'1 [preda'''']> [propa't,]

> [pablik]

> [tu put intLi o:rbit]

> [kl'adrLJr~d J

> [reida:']

> [rLidiei~nJ

> [r~idiaLlEkti\']

> Iredhol]

> Ired si:]

39

- Iichid

- lunar

- corespondenta

- mamifer

- devorator de oameni

- iapa

- mijloc, mijloace; cale, cai- Marea Mediterana

- a migra

- migrator

- proiectil

- Moldova

- natural

- nepot

- nepoata

- Marea Nordului

- orbita

- a gravita (pc orbital- strut

- oXigen

- Oceanul Pacific

- pagina

- infonnatie

- planeta

- otravitor, veninos

- putemic, influent

- animal de prada

- proprietate; caracteristica

- public

- a piasa pe orbita

- patruped

- radar

- radiatie

- radioactiv

~ incandescent

- Marea Ro~ie

to re-enter > 1tll ricnta '] - a reintra, a revenito reflect > [tll rillelt] - a reflectarocket > [rokil] - rachetaRomania > [rllmcinia] - Romania

room > [nun] - cameraRussia > [rasa] - Rusiasatellite > [sEtalait] - satehtscore > [ska:'] - (set de) douazeeiscores > [ska:'z] - zeCIsenes > [siari:z] - sene; serBservant > [si"'\nl] - servitor, servitoareseveral > [s [sailans] - lini~tesnake > [snelk] - ~arpesolar > [sllula'"J - solarsolar system > [:-.a.ul,-l sistam] - sistemul solarsolid > [soltd] - solidspacecraft > [spelSkra: ft J - nava spatialaspace shuttle > [sjlcis 0atlJ - sonda spatialastallion > [stElian] - annasarstar > [sta:'] - steasurface > [sa:rfls] - suprafatatame > [tcimJ - imbHinzit, dresatto tame > [tLiteim] - a imblanzi, a dresatiger > [laiga r ] - tigruTransylvania > [trEnsilveinia] - Transilvaniauncle > [an(glkl] - unchiVenus > 1d:nas] - Venusvennm > [va.:l'min] - daunatori, viennito weigh > [tll Uei] - a cantarito be weightless > [tll hi: lIeitl is] - a fi imponderabilwhale > ["eil] - balenawidow > [llidauJ - vaduvawidower > lllid~lU~lrJ - vaduv

wild > [liaild] - salbatic, neimblanzitwoman-hater > [tillman hcita''j - ffilsogm

40

Lectia 5Lectia 5 - Partea intaiLectia 5 - Partea a douaRecapitularea lectiei 5Tema pentru acasa 5

Lectia 6Lectia 6 - Partea intaiLectia 6 - Partea a douaRecapitularea lectiei 6Tema pentru acasa 6Vocabularul lectiilor 5 si 6