Download - Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
1/112
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
2/112
1 Introducere........................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Protecia internaional a drepturilor omului ......................................... ............... 5
1.2 Istoricul i evoluia Conveniei Europene a Drepturilor Omului.......................... 6
1.3 Interpretarea Conveniei.......... .................................................. ............................... 71.3.1 Reguli generale de interpretare.............................................................................................71.3.2 Metode de interpretare..........................................................................................................7
1.3.2.1 Noiunile autonome ale Conveniei.............................................................................91.3.2.2 Teoria marjei de apreciere.........................................................................................101.3.2.3 Obligaiile pozitive impuse statelor...........................................................................11
1.4 ntrebri..................................... .................................................. ............................. 12
2 Sistemul jurisprudenial al Conveniei ...............................................................13
2.1 Organizarea Curii Europene a Drepturilor Omului........................................... 132.2 Condiiile de admisibilitate a plngerilor ......................................... ..................... 14
2.2.1 Calitatea procesual pasiv.................................................................................................142.2.2 Calitatea de victim ............................................................................................................152.2.3 Epuizarea cilor de recurs interne.......................................................................................162.2.4 Termenul de 6 luni..............................................................................................................172.2.5 Plngerile n mod vdit nefondate ......................................................................................182.2.6 Plngerile abuzive...............................................................................................................182.2.7 Alte condiii ........................................................................................................................19
2.3 Competena Curii ............................................ .................................................. ..... 192.3.1 Competena personal.........................................................................................................192.3.2 Competena material .........................................................................................................202.3.3 Competena teritorial ........................................................................................................21
2.3.4 Competena temporal ........................................................................................................222.4 ntrebri..................................... .................................................. ............................. 23
3 Efectele Conveniei n dreptul intern al statelor................................................. 24
3.1 Efectele Conveniei n dreptul intern al statelor membre.................................... 243.1.1 Sistemele integratoare.........................................................................................................253.1.2 Sistemele non-integratoare .................................................................................................26
3.2 Efectele deciziilor Curii n dreptul intern ....................................... ..................... 263.2.1 Efectele directe ...................................................................................................................27
3.2.1.1 Fora obligatorie ........................................................................................................273.2.1.2 Autoritatea de lucru judecat ......................................................................................28
3.2.2 Efectele indirecte ................................................................................................................283.2.2.1 Autoritatea de lucru interpretat .................................................................................28
3.2.2.2 Autoritatea preventiv sau corectiv .........................................................................303.2.2.3 Reexaminarea procedurilor interne ............. .............. ............ ............. .............. ......... 30
3.2.3 Natura juridic a Curii. Efecte...........................................................................................31
3.3 Efectele Conveniei asupra sistemului judiciar romn.................................... ..... 323.3.1 Locul Conveniei n ierarhia normelor juridice ..................................................................333.3.2 Locul Conveniei n jurisdicia drepturilor fundamentale romne......................................343.3.3 Efectele jurisprudenei Curii europene a drepturilor omului ............ ............. ............ ........ 35
3.4 ntrebri..................................... .................................................. ............................. 36
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
3/112
4 Drepturile de natur fizic ................................................................................. 37
4.1 Dreptul la via.................................................. .................................................. ..... 374.1.1 Coninutul dreptului la via ...............................................................................................374.1.2 Obligaiile statelor ..............................................................................................................38
4.2 Interdicia torturii i a tratamentelor inumane i degradate............................... 38
4.2.1 Definirea noiunilor ............................................................................................................384.2.2 Exemple de aplicare............................................................................................................394.2.2.1 Condiii de detenie i tratamente n penitenciar ............ .............. ............. .............. ..394.2.2.2 Pedepse i sanciuni penale ori disciplinare .............. ............ ............. .............. ......... 404.2.2.3 Expulzri i extrdri ................................................................................................41
4.3 Interzicerea sclaviei i a muncii forate ............................................ ..................... 414.3.1 Interdicia sclaviei i a strii de servitute............................................................................424.3.2 Interzicerea muncii forate..................................................................................................43
4.3.2.1 Excepii de la interzicerea muncii forate..................................................................44
4.4 Dreptul la libertate fizici siguran....................................... ............................. 444.4.1 Noiunea de privare de libertate..........................................................................................464.4.2 Condiii pentru ca privarea de libertate s fie licit ............................................................47
4.4.2.1 Msura s fie prevzut de lege ................................................................................47
4.4.2.2 Msura s se nscrie n cazuri prevzute expres de Convenie..................................484.4.3 Drepturile persoanei deinute sau arestate ..........................................................................484.4.3.1 Dreptul de a fi informat asupra motivelor arestrii .................................................484.4.3.2 Dreptul de a fi prezentat unui magistrat ............. ............ .............. ............. .............. ..484.4.3.3 Dreptul de a fi judecat ntr-un termen rezonabil ori eliberat............. ............ ............ 484.4.3.4 Dreptul de recurs contra arestrii ..............................................................................48
4.4.4 Dreptul de despgubire n caz de detenie ilicit ................................................................49
4.5 Interdicia privrii de libertate pentru neplata creanelor .................................. 49
4.6 ntrebri..................................... .................................................. ............................. 49
5 Drepturile procedurale .......................................................................................50
5.1 Dreptul la un proces echitabil.................................................... ............................. 505.1.1 Introducere..........................................................................................................................50 5.1.2 Obiectul dreptului la un proces echitabil ............ ............. .............. ............. ............ ............ 51
5.1.2.1 Noiunea de drepturi i obligaii cu caracter civil..................................................515.1.2.2 Noiunea de contestaie asupra drepturilor i obligaiilor de natur civil.............555.1.2.3 Noiunea de materie penal ...................................................................................555.1.2.4 Noiunea de acuzaie n materie penal .................................................................58
5.1.3 Garanii procedurale generale.............................................................................................585.1.3.1 Accesul la justiie ......................................................................................................59
5.1.3.1.1 Accesul efectiv.....................................................................................................605.1.3.1.1.1 Noiunea de tribunal......................................................................................615.1.3.1.1.2 Calitatea tribunalului.....................................................................................62
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Independena tribunalului.....................................................................621.1.1.1.1.1.2. Imparialitatea tribunalului...................................................................64
5.1.3.2 Celeritatea procedurii .............. ............. .............. ............ .............. ............. .............. ..665.1.3.3 Publicitatea procedurii ..............................................................................................68
5.1.3.4 Egalitatea armelor .....................................................................................................695.1.4 Garanii speciale n materie penal .....................................................................................72
5.1.4.1 Prezumia de nevinovie ..........................................................................................735.1.4.2 Dreptul de a fi informat asupra acuzrii....................................................................755.1.4.3 Dreptul de a dispune de timpul i facilitile necesare aprrii.................................765.1.4.4 Dreptul la asisten juridic.......................................................................................775.1.4.5 Dreptul de a convoca i interoga martorii .................................................................795.1.4.6 Dreptul la un interpret ...............................................................................................80
5.2 Dreptul la un remediu intern pentru aprarea drepturilor fundamentale ........ 81
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
4/112
5.3 Legalitatea incriminrii i a pedepsei ....................................... ............................. 825.3.1 Coninutul principiului legalitii........................................................................................83
5.3.1.1 Noiunea de lege........................................................................................................835.3.1.2 Lex scripta.................................................................................................................845.3.1.3 Lex certa....................................................................................................................855.3.1.4 Lex stricta..................................................................................................................855.3.1.5 Lex praevia................................................................................................................86
5.4 Regula non bis in idem ............................................... ............................................. 86
5.5 Dreptul la despgubiri n caz de eroare judiciar ........................................... ..... 86
5.6 Interdicia unor expulzri .................................................. ..................................... 87
5.7 Garanii procedurale n caz de expulzare................................. ............................. 88
5.8 Dreptul la un dublu grad de jurisdicie ................................................................. 88
5.9 ntrebri..................................... .................................................. ............................. 89
6 Drepturi de natur intelectual..........................................................................90
6.1 Dreptul la via privat, via familial, inviolabilitatea domiciliului i acorespondenei........................ .................................................. ............................................. 90
6.1.1 Definirea noiunilor ............................................................................................................906.1.1.1 Elementele vieii private ...........................................................................................91
6.1.2 Obligaiile statelor ..............................................................................................................996.1.2.1 Clauza justificativ..................................................................................................100
6.1.2.1.1 Legalitatea ingerinei..........................................................................................1006.1.2.1.2 Scopul ingerinei ................................................................................................1006.1.2.1.3 Necesitatea ingerinei ......................................................................................... 102
6.2 Dreptul la libertatea de contiini a religiei.................................. ................... 104
6.3 Dreptul la libertatea de expresie........................................ ................................... 106
6.4 Dreptul la libertatea de reunire i asociere............................... ........................... 107
6.5 Libertatea cstoriei ......................................... .................................................. ... 107
6.6 Egalitatea ntre soi ........................................... .................................................. ... 108
6.7 Interdicia discriminrii ............................................. ........................................... 108
6.8 Protecia dreptului de proprietate..................................... ................................... 108
6.9 Dreptul la instruire ........................................... .................................................. ... 109
6.10 Drepturile electorale ......................................... .................................................. ... 110
6.11 Libertatea de circulaie .............................................. ........................................... 112
6.12 ntrebri..................................... .................................................. ........................... 112
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
5/112
!"#$ %&'#&($) (()$) &)&(#&($) !& !)%#()!'$*'$'(+%())('$*,&+(%!()&)!'$&)&-./&
*0'(/&%()(%))(&'*0!)"&0!)))*(+((1$).)(!$%0%'!()+(#0)%)($0!"#)))!&)&0./&$0',&-(!$%()(!&%!'$' )%'&%'0(!(!)'&(&*$(&)$)'!)(&.'!)*(#()!'$'&)&(#&($('!()!'$'&)&(%&'$('&!%)%&&''-!)*(&)&(%%)$)()'!(&(#&($"()()!)%0)!'$-$1)0#$+'&(*)&($)
)(%))(.%&)0*&)%)(%(./&(&))((&($"(&)()'!)(&0()!'$ *'$'. 0 !)")&0* '%%& )$'#( )*'$' )'!)(& )!)%#) ( )!'$ +'&(*)&($). !)%'* - 2(&"()( )*'$'3'!')($)2((&()((%)(
1.1 Protecia internaional a drepturilor omului
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
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
6/112
?
!)&'(!1(&)+%)(2(&"(#)'&)($)/&(&2))(1)%)$($)-($()(!')%$((0(*'$(&)(%)$))*))(%)((
) (%))(. ()$) ))'!)&). $( %() (' (0'2( '!0 4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
7/112
A
(+)$ !)(&( +"%0 /&) '1)%)$)))! &)&(#&($ +)$ &'$))!)3(+0%,&(1(%#))%)%))&(#&($())%!%()%)%((%)")("0)!'$&)&(#&($
1.3 Interpretarea Conveniei
1.3.1 Reguli generale de interpretare
(&&)).+'$(.%*!))('#)/&&)$(()$2$) !& (!$%()( - &)!)()( &)) - ( !%($)$(#&($).(!)%&')%0&)( () %($. ( &)!)()( %(1)%((2'(/&%)$*()+%(%)*!)%#(!)(&)$"()&'#)))!&)&(#&($. ( %' '& %((%) . ')( ( )"$(. ($0' ))2'$$) %$(%) ($) )!'$' &)&(#&($.*)) -!&%! ) &)!)()
%() / (%%)&')("0 %((%)%( ) &(( &)&(#&($0 %' %((%)%&%)+(#02(&*)$)3'%#&($)))!&)&(#&($%$(%
+)$.)!)2'$2)&)($))&)!)().')((!$%0!)))$)(4&&)()$(@)&(&4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
8/112
>
)1')&)!)()%.&')(!$%0!)))$%&)&($).&%&0.1)%'$ - %!'$ &)) )&& 0 $*)") $1)()( ) (%#'&) (()$/&*)&$)"()F&%&)%./&)*'$%&)&($.$*0$))!'$2((&()'&%)$)%())&)!))("0%.%()=%)!#))$()2'$0
- )0"'0 /& ( . +'$ ( ?5. (%)(0 )2'$0 )&)!)()))$2%0-%&+*0%!'$'&)).(%)$()((2'()!)%()( %, *( )!$&0 ( )!'$ +'&(*)&($) /& '!(. (+)$/&%,(%0($)&*)3'%)'&*(+((1$)!)(&)/&%('"0.)(!$%(%'!()- !&).')(#&))(*(/&*0)'& &'*%*'&($$)2$(#$ ()$*)*1).(!,&'-(+)$3'!')($('&'$&)1)%)$)($).(%)$()(%)('&(&(%*'&($)*)$3'%)&(#&($)+)$.)=)(('$!('&)!(%%%*'&)(()$)'!)&)!()0%&')'&+(%
!)&)& !)&' ( (1$ /&&))( *(3) ) (!)%)) ( ()$ /&)2$)*)&()( $*0$ (') )!'$ )%'&%') '-. *))()*(%0$()&(*(3(0/&'!(!()+!)%'$(0&!'&%'$) ))) ($ !00 )0# !(*&'$' %'$'($ )'!)(& -. )(%))(.(%)%)'))'$"(%'!')!))=)*!$'.()%%0 " #$%$&' " ' ( - ) &%$)!)))$))=!))&(>44.)+))($(%)())*%(%0))%&(&0(1$'0/&
)%"$)'#.%()(!)%("0%0(%)(0'&)*&0/&)(2(&)).(0 +(!'$' %0 %!'$ (%))( ) (2'( ( )!)%0 )!'$+'&(*)&($) &' !() + )($"(0 )%, /& %('$ '&' )2* !$% %'()0()*%(%F&(%)%&)=.(*(!)%"(%0.!)&'(/)$)2)%)%)*)&&)))1'))#&'+(!'$%0.%:((%0'&))1')'1&() &)))$) !)&($) +(#0 ) %)$) ) 2'!. )*%(#( &' ))'%) $( '!)*(#( %&(&0 ( !&) *(30#B )( !)'!'&) '&)%:$1' %() 0 (2')*&0#$ '& ((*)& %)% - %() 0 ))%)(1'")!"#)*&(&0- *(F&%("'$)=(*&0'&)!$,&2)&'($). ')( %('0. /&*0'( !1$'$'. 0 )=(*&)") !1$)*)$)
%&%)) %() ) !$,&2))( %' %() ( + )"(0. +00 ( /&%)%( 0)=(*&)"))='$$)2($&)&&%*&(.%(*(&)(/&%()(%)((+(!$%()&./&0.%0('&%%,&$()(&)))"'$0&%:()='$)!)%.)=(*&()((++0%'0
-(%'*(**((+*(.!) $,&20 (%))*))- !&%!) &)!)().')( ( %&(%( ) !&%! ) $(20 (!$%(1$() - %() !)"&0
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
9/112
44. +& *( /&&0 /& *)& /& %() )) 2)' +) 20 %&%)!#))'!)(&0 %*'&0. !)%'* *($( (' !))&)( &+(%#&($0#. - *(),&0/&(%)$)*)&%())!))("0$()+&)!)1("('&%))&('01)%0!)%'*1'&0()&(#'&1'&((*&()(3'#)
&%!'$ &) /& ()%() *0'0 /& %&(%#) %' %)$ ($ '&$('&*).((%)(())!)+)%)=!$%(1$0!&%!'$)(*1($)&)%()
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
11/112
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
12/112
4
1.4 ntrebri
4 ()'&*))$))&)!)()(&))K ()'&1)%)$)-%!'$)'#-($)&))K
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
13/112
4
!+$"&!+'!#"#"%!!
-( %'* (+*(* *( '. %:)( '%%)'$' &)) )) )*'$3'!')($%)(!)&'()+%()!)%()(1$2(#$('*())%0)
() @* )=(*&( /& %)$) %) '*)("0 ( )2*'$ 3'% ($ !$,&2)$&'($). /&'%, (%))( )!)"&0 ))( &)). ( &'*0'$ $*))' %)%' /$ )!0-)-) &) !) %)$ ($!$,&2)$ &))(%). &') /&1("((
2.1 Organizarea Curii Europene a Drepturilor Omului
&(()%&$)'!)(&0))+*(0&3')%0.+)%()(*)*1'($&$'$''!)+&)!)")&()%,)'&3')%0%,)'&3')%0.
&' &)(!0( %)0#)(& ($ 0'. !) !)(0 ) ? (& J')%0 /- )=)%0(1'#$) /& &'*) !)&($. - &' /& &'*)$) /& +$'$ ('$' %() (&'*'()(%))(.3')%0'$&'*)%0)('$&%'$!((+(%)!()/&*1$2('&%*!$)'$)3')%(0%()(()%"(!)+&
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
'!()2:))( )=)%'0 $ %() /& (%&( ($' 2(& ($ &$'$''!).*)'$)G&-
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
14/112
4
2.2 Condiiile de admisibilitate a plngerilor
$))(*1$()(!$,&2)$&'($)'&)=!')/&(-& &)) - ) (!)("0 +) $( %($()( !%)'($0 ( !0#$. +) $('1(()( %&$'$' )'!)(&. +) $( % %) #& ) !)%+%()(
%&$'$'&)&(#&($)*)=(*&(!),&/&%)$)%)'*)("0
2.2.1 Calitatea procesual pasiv.
(.!$,&2)$))!&'%))%)!)(&0%())!)&)%*0('&)$0&!()('&'(!()$(&)))"'$0)(%%0(' %($()( !%)'($0 !(0 ( ()$) )*&(() ($) &)). %)!$,&2)) /&)!(0 /*!( ($) !)(&) +& &(*1$0 !)&'&%*!)) F& (%)) %. ) %0 '0 !1$)*)(!(!)*$())')(%*!))&003')%)!$,&2)1("()!)(%)%)(!(#& ($ !)(&) +"%) 3'%) )%, ('$K ) )( %*!))&0 0
(&($")")!$,&2)1("()!)(%)($)'&)2(&"(#&)&(#&($)K&)( $)(20 & !'&% ) ))) ($ 1$2(#) ) ( )!)%( )!'$)+'&(*)&($)(,()$).%,-($)!)(&)+"%)3'%)&+(!'$%0(%))( & '*0 &' (' )*&( &)(. &' ) !() (2) %&%$'"( %0(%)((&'$)))(!$%(1$0.($+)$(/&)*&(%()0&'!(0&%&%(
'(#( (%)$ '& 2(&"(# &)&(#&($) %() ('% (&2)) )!'$)%'&%') !& &)) ))*'$*( &)%$(0 & &'. !)"( &' ))(1'0('))%0.!',&(!0)((+)$)%("'/&*'$#*))!)")B%'%("(*'&$)*)&))(!0%.)!('%)(&2)))!'$$((#0(!)(&)$('$($1)()()#!()E&()$)&%('$(%)
2(&"(#&)&(#&($)!('%)(&2)))!'$!%)'($)E!$%()!)&($ ( (%)( !() %( !1$)*) '1 (!)%'$ %*&0 )% 7'(#)%''$-%''$!)%($0)=0/&%("'$&'&'!)&).2(&"(#)%' *)&' ) %*!))) )=)* ) $(2. !)%'* - (%)$) &'#&)&(#&($). !)%'* 1'&($'$ !)&' +( '2$(( ('')( !)&($0&)&(#&($0.%()('+%)()+00%(()$)*)*1)0%))"))!()(')(&0#$
( )2'$ 2)&)($). )1') )#&') '0 (!)%)B &% '&( &)2(&"(#$) &)&(#&($) &)+& )*&(() ($) &)). ')( ))&%*!))&0 0)=(*&)")!$,&2)/&)!()/*!($E) ()*)&)(. ()$) %&(%(&) &' '& )!&(1$) !)&' (%) ($) '&)
2(&"(#&)&(#&($)&*!$'$+(!%0(%))(/-(')'$!))'$$./&'%,&'()%&$'$!)(#'&$2(&"(#)
F&%&)%.!1$)*($0&)) )!'&)(/& (!)'& (*)*1'($2(&"(#)./&1("(($(!')%,%)$))"'$,&&$%'$/&%())(+$0)'$(%))(&'*0'&!1$))!)")/&%()'&(0!(0+ ( $(0!'&))/&+(#('#. /&1("('&(%)($ ($)2(&"(#&)&(#&($)B$/
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
15/112
4
-
2.2.2 Calitatea de victim
(!$,&2))&'($0!()+&'0)%0)%)!)(&0+"%0. 2'! ) !(%'$( (' 2(&"(#) &)2')&(*)&($0 '&% %,&!$,&2))( )) &'0 ) %0) '& 2'! ) !)(&) +"%). +)%() &)*)*12'!'$')!(%'$(.!) %() / $)(20'& &)) %*'&. )1') 0!(0+%&)(%*0)!(()%)$($#*)*1.)()%)&)(&'2((&)("0)!'$$(
F&(%)$(-*!.))))($%(!)(&)$)3'%)$(%()+(%))+))(0&'+)!)(&)))!!'1$%.%())=)%0('()()(./&'%,)$)'& %)$) %() )1') 0!'&0 /&(!$%()&)(. (+)$ /&%,&'! + -%*0-('($$0/&(%)$(-*!($()()'1)%))!!'1$%(' !( )) (&($"(0 ) %0) &(( )'!)(&0 !) 1("( '&) '&('&*).-&'/&(!)%($+%()(&)&0
( ))($0 !) %() )%$(*(&'$. &+))& & %() &) (%))%()2+(%)!().)1'0/&)!$&)(%0))(%))(%()$0+)%*0('&)$0(&)))&'())*&(%&''$'&)%*0('&) $0 ( &)). )1') )#&' %0. )( ))*&)("0. /& !&%!'.!)(&( $)"(0 )% !& (%#'&)( (' *'&)( ('$' F& %("'$!)(&)$ 3'%).!)&'(+%*).)1')0$ )+ ('(&2))'&')!!!'.(%))(&)!',&(%#&(/&&'*)$)*)*1$0
F&%("'$!)(&)$+"%).)$))1')0!1)")%0('+!)&($%*)($)(%#'& (' &(%#'& %() 0 %&') $() ( )!'$ - $1)0#$2((&() %)(0 (%#'&) (' &(%#'&) !() %&(. /& (! ) $)2$(#(&)&0./&/&%0$%()2)-0($)2('!()0%&)(/&(!$%()(+(#0))%$(*(&('&)$)2$(#%())(/&0-))%&(0&))F&!&%!'.*!$()=)('&)$)2$(#%&()&))&'))'+%)&!)&'%( !)(&0 0 )!(0 !)&) /& * ($(1$ %*0. %:( (%0 $)2)( /&%('"0!()+$('&**)&(!$%(0+(#0))%$(*(&(+)$.2(&)$))$((1'2(+*0+)%)&%0)$)&''&%:)*()0)=(*&)") (%0$)2)))('&'%*!(1$0%'&)(.%((%0./&%&%).*0'0%&(0!)))$(%))((+$'(0+(#0))%$(*(&
)()*)&)(.3'!')((*).!)%(0$(20.!1$()()(&'%) !$,&2)) %*)$) &)%) ($) /&%0$%0 &)). /& !(($)$ %' %)$))%)&%*0&)%0.)/)$)2)(%)(!)(&0%().(0$)20'!)%()()%'%*()%0.'+)0!&%-)')+)%)$)$0)!'$&)&($) ($) (%))( & '*0 !) )=)*!$'. ! + %*) &)%)#('&)!)(&)'%)!&$()((.#('&)!)(&))#&')/&%&(!"#$&)))()*)&)(.('%($()()%*0&)%0'%%))%$(*(&'$'%()%&&'0(%#'&)(/&%)!'0)(%)(
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
16/112
4?
($()( ) %*0 ( )%$(*(&'$' !() 0 !(0 !) '(( !%)'.'(#)/&%()')((()%")))!&2))(!$,&2)%(&(*1$0'& !1$) '0 (+)$ ) !)")B !(#( '(#) %() ( ( $( 1("(!$,&2) - )%'&(-))( ) %0) ( ( $0 )!'$ !)3() -(%!))(!)3'%'$'
2.2.3 Epuizarea cilor de recurs interne
( %() &0 /&0 %)$ *( ) /& ()( 2(&)$ ) %&$ ($)&)) ))%)(( 1$2(0# )!'"0 %0$ )((% &)&) /&(&)))"()( '# )0"'0 ) ( . (,& %( +'&(*)& !&%!'$'1(0# %&$'$' )=)%( ) '). )) /& )!$&0 %&%( %'!&%!$))!'$'&)&(#&($!'1$%%()*!'&%(%)'&)('&!0#)')(&()0+)&)!)(0$*(
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
3'!')). !)&' %( )=2)( )!'"0 %0$ &)&) ) ((% 0(!)) /& (%&( )%$(*(&'$'. %($)( ) ((% )1') 0 /&)!$&)(%0'*0()$) % %'*'$(). /& $!( %0)( &) )$) )%')&'$'&)+&'*!'0(%)(01$2(#)B
- &%!'$ *!'&) %( %())&0. &*)& &)+& 1$2( 0 +(%0 $'%' *!1$). ( $!( '&)*($0# &)&) ) )"$() ( %&+$%'$' ) (&($")("0. &+))& )$'#&()(%&)(#)!)+&./&$()((4&&))&
(#'& $(+)$ )))&). )%$(*(&'$ )) )=&)())=)%() %0$ )((%&)&-('&%%,&)!$,&2))$!()%)$)()(!%)'.+&+)% %( ('&% %,& '& !%) () )3( '(0 &))"&(1$0. 0 &' )*!'&0)%')&'$'0(-)!)+,-'$(%)'(- /&1("((4.%($)()((%)1')0+)(%%)1$0.%))(%)!)'!'&)%(('0#$)&(#&($)0!)*0.!&!(%%(*&() - !))) $)2$().)%$(*(&'$''$"()()(
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
17/112
4A
&'))/&)!$&0('&%%,&+)$)2)(&'!)*))=)%()(%0)((%)%)%0))%')&.+)(%)())/*!)%(/&+(!0)=)%)- F&!&(+)*-('#.)%$(*(&'$)))=&)())=2)()!'"0%0$)((%&)&).('&%%,&)=)%()($))&'$0&'$()()=)%0'&%0)((%(+)#&'0)')
/& &'*)() /*!)3'0 ) &('0 )0B )=)%()( (&)(0 ( *(*'$ !%)' 3'%() %' (%)$(- 1)%. () !)'). )=)( '&)!(%%%&(&)/&)&%&()%- %)(( !)'!'&) %(*($()( )(%#'&) /&)!'$ &)& 0 !(0. /& * )($. 0 /&$0') %&)%)$) $0)!'$+'&(*)&($)-0)!()!)3'%'$''&%0)((%)+%(%) ()%(). /& ($0 +*'$() '$"(0. !) )=)*!$'. )%''$%&'#&($ ('%)))())(1$())()*)&)(. 2')&'$ )1') 0!1)") )+%(%()( )%''$' &' &'*( !& &%()( '&' )= ) $)2)(!$%(1$.%-!&)=)('&)3'!'))%&(&)/&)&'$(*)'&%))()*0&0()
) ) ($0 !(). !$,&2))( 0*,&) &(*1$0 %:( (%0 )%$(*(&'$ ()%: !%)'0 &)&0 %' (%)$(- 1)% ('&% %,& (%)(( &' ( +)=!$(0/&*%*!$).(%0&'(')=)%(()%0$))((%&().(' ('&% %,& !$,&2))( ()(0 ('0#$ &(#&($) ( + )!&0(0 '& % ) !%)'0. !)%'* !)%!#( (' +*( (%)$!%)'($) '-. &))!'"()( %0$ ) ((% &)&) )) '& 1(%$)*!( /& %($)( (*1$0# !$,&2). ')( '*,& 0 ))=(*&)")(%)(- !$,&2)) '!0 %) )%$(*(&'$ )!'")("0. +00 '%%). *($0#$) )(%#'&) !) %() $( ()( $( !"#) $( **)&'$ &'%) ($) (!$,&2)
2.2.4 Termenul de 6 luni
(&'%))('&)!$,&2)))!1$0(/&'&)*)&)?$'&)$((('$*))%"&)&)'!0%'*)))(%)(0%))),& $)2(0 ) %)((&)(0. (+)$ /&%,(%0 )%$(*(&'$ ) (+$0 /&'&(&) '(#$) ) )=%)!#) /& %() &' ) *( %)) )!'"()( %0$ ) ((%&)&).)*)&'$)!)%!#)%'2)./&!&%!'.)$(((+(!'$'3'%%() )) &%*&())%')& $+)$. ))2'$0. )*)&'$ %'2) ) $(((!&')%"))+&).(%0)%$(*(&'$(+!)")&.(')$(((
%*'&%0.(%0((1)&(F&!)"(/&%())%$((#(!&%())(%%)!03'%#('#&)&)'$))%"))+&).)*)&'$%'2))$((((%))(&'*0
F& +(!. (%)(0 %) )) )=(*&(0 %' )'$ ) *'$0 '!$)#) ) %0)&(( )'!)(&0 +)$. (%0 )%$(*(&'$ !)"&0 *( *'$) %(!)) )!$,&2)).$'#&()/&)!'$&)&$(()+)).)-$(!*()))(!0)(%0(%)(()1'0&'%0*(*'$)!$,&2)!)&'%('&)$)&)($)2(#$)($)0&')!)%).&(#'&)'$().)(/&%&)()(
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
18/112
4>
'$*( )%") )+&0. %' %( %( /&) %(!))$) ) %))) 0 )=) (&'*0 $)20'0 !) )=)*!$'. !$,&2))",& ()()( -'&( ",&!%)'(!)&($0!)+&))($0!().)*)&'$!()+'!)&(.%:(/&$!('&)!)%"0)=!))((.('&%%,&))*)("0%0)%$(*(&'$( + /& *!1$() 0 &'%0 !$,&2))( /& *!'$. )!$0(0
0)0&0()
2.2.5 Plngerile n mod vdit nefondate
&'0 & (#'& ) )%&*) !%)'($0. %( &(*1$0#!$,&2)$%()'&/&*0&)+&()())=)*)'$0!)&'()()('+%()('#%'*$))!$,&2)&')!()+'&(*)&!()0%&)(+)/&$!0)!1)%()0'#&0()()+(!)=!'0)%0))%$(*(&'(#)%()(!()+)%)&/&*()(((*)&)$&'*(&)(')2((&).+)/&$!0)3'+%()3'%0
F&%))(%)!)-)+(!'$%0(%)(0$!0)(2'*)&))1')0+)00.+( *) ( +0%' '&)$) !)%"0 *!(&) +)$. !$,&2)) ))&(*1$0('&%%,&.&%*0%(/&(!().&')!())2(3()=)('&) $0 ( )!'$ +'&(*)&($) ($) )%$(*('$' ( (%) (' ($!%)'. &(( )'!)(&0 &' +(%) )=(*&() !) +& ( %('"). % )$*)("0$(()+%((%0&'%'*()))=%$'0)=)()'&)$0(&))&%&0.('&%%,&%('"(%0!1$)*))+(!('))!%()!)"&0'&&))2)&)($!)&'&)!)()(&)).!$,&2))((+)%$((0(*1$0
2.2.6 Plngerile abuzive
'&))('(')())*)%0(%)(((!')(+'$"(0!)&'%!' )=%$' !$%) - (' &' (%)(0 %) ) (*1$() (!$,&2)$. !(%%( )& !,&0 $( ( (%'($0 %0 (%)(0 )*))( ( +&)+&(0F&(%))%.2(&)$))$((1'2./&!)%($+(*).(')$(1(3'!'))'$))2)&0%'!)$((%)(!)%.)'&,&()%'*!))))(()$(%!'$)($)F&!&%!($.3'!')(()#&'%((%)'$(1'"($!$,&2)/&'*0()$)'(#B
- !$,&2).(%0(%)$)!$,&2)&'))!)(&)%()'+)0)
0-%()&'%!$,&2)%'(%)$(-1)%%'()%0/&%)%()0. +00 '%%). - %' ($) %(" !) )=)*!$'. )) %("'$ '&'
)%')&%()'!0%)(&'!('!$,&2))!&)%(&)+&()/&*0.&)%()'0()('(%)$(-1)%.())&%'/&%0'0!$,&2))&%)%'%)$)(&)()- !$,&2) %() %& )$)*)&) &%*!$)). %() %& &+*(# +($)+)))$1)(!)&'(&'%)/&)()&(()'!)(&0
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
19/112
4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
20/112
5
&!)(&0(+$(0'13'%#('&'(.)/)$)2)(!'$%())1')0)=)/&)%*($0&))-('$%0'())!-)("0(%)((/&)&'$ /& %() (%)( & '*0 () (&'*0 !')) ('!( )%')&'$'.&+))& ) )=)( '&' (! 3'% H(1$I !)%'* %)0#)&(.&(#&($()(.*%$'$)")(+)$.!))=)*!$'.')(()%%0.
%'()%0((*)=%)!#))&)%*!)).)1')0%)%))")(%0 &' %'*( )) %*!))&0 /& ( )=(*&( %('"0 (0 +(!'$' %0)%$(*((+!''(+$('13'%#(('$'&%*&(F&+(!.%))%')('('/&%'#))%")('&)&()&&(.(%()&'( (+%(&)( -(%0'%&'%))))(2'(0 )%0))-)&)$)6()-'&)!%!!(&$')((%&((%0)='$&))&'))(!$%(1$ !) )'$ &). ( ( 0*( 0 3')%) (%0 &' %'*(. /&%&)()( +(!'$' %0 3')%0 )(' +(&%)"- !(&$. )%$(*( ('(+$( '1 3'%#( (%) (). )*&(() ($) &)) ')( ( )!&(2'*)&'$ %' *()( %0 %)0#)&( 3')%0$ &' / (&+*0 /&)!)")&( ( !') 3'%() & 6(( - !(&(. % (%)-( 0*,&
&)!)&)+(#0)()$)%()/))*&)("0#'&)()!)(&0(+$(0'13'%#('&'(&')(&($")("0/&)!.%/&(!)'(#()+(!)=)&0()%%0"!1 +)$.')(()#&')!&(1$()(('$''%!)&'(%))$()$(1'&'%())(+$('/&!()()&(!'$'.'&)) ('!%$(*())!'1$%0- %())(%&$(0 ) (*(( '%0 +)$. %:( (%0 )!'1$%( )!)%0 &' )()%'&%'0 $( &)$ &)&(#&($ -. +*($. "&( )!)%0 ) (+$( '13'%#(!'$'./&+(!.%&$'$"&))()=)%()(*(('%0.+(!
%()%&'%)$(%&%$'"(%0'%(0!'&)!)&'$0$)&))&(%)("&0F&%&)%.')(()%$((%*!))&0!)&'( 3')%(%('"(!)+&
F&+&).*()1')*)&(%0./&)*)'$(4A.')())&)%*!))&0 0 )=(*&)") !$,&2)$) &') ) %0)!)(&) %() ('(%#&( /& %!'$ (&'$0 )!'$ )%'&%') !& &)) ($!)(&)+)$. !))=)*!$'. /&(!$%()(!&%!'$' 2 2.()%$((&(*1$()('&)!$,&2)&'))%0)&-)!)(&)%()('+%&(*&()!)&'1')()!$(&)!&%()&%('$(%*&()(($0
2.3.2 Competena material
1$)*(%*!)))*()($)))&+%0./&)($().%'!1$)*()=)*) (0 ( ))*&0 %&''$ - %,*!'$' ) (!$%() ( )!'$2((&() !& &)) - !%($)$) (#&($) F& %&)%. **)&((!&%!($)$)$&($)3'!'))(!$%(1$)/&*())
) ) !(). &(() %&$ ( )!)%0 1$2(#$ %&)&($) ()%$((%*!))&0/&()=(*&(!$,&2)(,&)!1)%)!)%()'&
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
21/112
4
)!' %() &' '& !)0"') )=!) /& &)) +)$. /& 1("(!&%!'$'&)!)0)$')(&)).&0/&%*!))(*()($0('#B /&%0$%()( (%%)'$' $1) $( 3'#). (&2) (') &$(1$0#%*'&%(#$ )$)+&%). /&%0$%()( )!'$' $( !)&) (' ( )!'$' $( )!02'1)3'0/&%("))=!!)))%
)%'&(-))( '' (%) )!' &%$ ) !)))$) )=!)) ($)&)))))+)%'$%&)H!)%#)!&%-)'I.!%0)('&)%'&%')-(%)$))!'%())(+$0/&'&(!)=)*),&%'%)$))&'*)() /& )='$&))- /& $!(%0(.!)%#(%)$ )=!))(+&%*!$)0 ' $' ) )=)*!$'. ) !() 1)( '- %0 &%$'))( /&'&)() %)!&). '$"(0) ( >.( ( )=!)#$ !-($). ($! !)(&()'&'$ &) %)$)*( *!(&) (!)%) ($) &*0# ($).(&'*)%*'&%(#$))$)+&%).(!)%#(+)0)(>(+&%*!$)0
F& %&)%. &' &0 /& %*!))( *()($0 ( '# (%)$) )!' %())=%) )='$ &)) - %() &'! %&( /& )=&))!& %-)' (
%)$ !)0"') )=!). %'* ( +B )!'$ ) ( &( (' ) ( 0*,&) !))'$'&'(.)(1,&!!)()('&'1'&))*&(.)(!)(%*!'()(()0!))&)&!))(!((!$%(0(')!'$)(%'!(+'&%#)!'1$%0
2.3.3 Competena teritorial
))2'$0.!(
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
22/112
)=!))(()$-(#&,&%&)&)%)0#$)$%($).&)./&)).00!'&0 +(!'$' %0 $(**)&'$ )(%0 &)) )=(' /&%0 )%$&($)($%0&)$))"$()&'!)*))!$&((!$%(1$()((%)'&'*)&
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
2.3.4 Competena temporal
!&%!$ )!'$' &)&(#&($ 2)&)($ )%'&%'). (()$)&)&(#&($) &' ) (!$%0 )(%. (+)$ /&%,. /& !&%!'. () +(!)$)3'%) (&)() (+%0 &)) ) & +)( ) %*!)) ('#
&)=%)!#)./&0.')(0*,&)%*!))&003')%)!$,&2)$)1("()!)(%) (&)() (+%0 &)). ( %() !'% )+)%) %&&') !))=)*!$'. !)(&0 %&(*&(0 (&) (+%0 &)). !()&'%) !$,&2)) 1("(0 !) (%)( %&(*&() (%0. %( )+)% ($ (%))('+)0./&*%&&''.(&2)($))!'$'$($1)()()=!))'(#(&' )1') %&+'&(0 /&0 %' (%)$) !)") /& %() (&'*) +(!) 3'%).%&() &)). '& (&)() (+%0 (%))(. /&0 )=0 )%"3')%0)-. !)() (+%0 !& %() ) *)&) '(#( (1$0(&) F& (+)$ ) !)"). ')( )) %*!))&0 0 (&($")") ($)2*()( (%) )%". &' - ( +(!)$ %) (' ( $( 1("( $2'$' /&)!'$&)&
'(#( !%)'$ /&%)!') (&) (+%0 - )!'"() '$)
**)&'$'('*01$2(#$%))%'2&&))))*(%*!$)=0'&% %,& $()( %((%)'$' )%:(1$ ($ !%)' )0 & (%)(&)() (+%0. ')( ( %&)( &)%*!))&0 )*!($ 0)=(*&)") !$,&2))(. /& %:*1. ('&% $()( ($)2(0 %&0 /& ()!)*(&)&0. *( )!)) )%, /&'& ))&*)& &%. ')( ()%*!))
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
23/112
2.4 ntrebri
4 ()'&%()2$))!)(&)%()!0&'%0!$,&2))/&+(#('#K
()'&!)")$)/&%()&')*(*!'&)%)()!'"0%0$))%'&)&)K
&)()%($()!%)'($0!(0K ()))%*!))()*!($0('#K
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
24/112
,"%!!-'"!#"+#"
))& 1(&($(). $( ( (%'($0. 0 %&(0* '%%)'$ &)))'!)&)()!'$*'$'.*1$"(!()%)$*(1&)!&$'$&%)/&%) *( *!(& !) %() /$ 3(%0 /& )*)$) 3'%) ($) ()$ %() (')*&(-(+%()($'&2'$*!'$'.)%"$)-:0,$)*)-($)'#('(3'&.)!(.0%&')'&1$%)3'!')&%)/&%)*( %*!$) - %))&. (3'&2,& 0)&0 '0 *!(&0))!)(%))(.*(&($"(/&%)$)%)'*)("0*(/&,)+)%)$)&))/&)!'$&)&($()$*)*1).(!)+)%'$)%"$'#('!((%))*)))!.'*,&0(0*$(+&($)+)%)$)!)%()&)(-3'!')('#$)!'%)('!()*'$'3'%*,&.!)%'*-*($0#$)%()!+'$"()!)&'(!$'$(%)(
@* &( /& !)%($ ('!( )%)!0 &)) /& 3'!'). - *(!'#&/&&*)$)$)2($).!)&'%0.))2'$0.)%"$)&())'!)&)&'))+)0)%,()$(%&+*()($)2$(#)%'&)(./&+(!.'(%)$*( *'$) )%" ) %&(*&() +& )%" 3')%0)- ($) &()$&)&) !(%% ) &('0 (*&(0 ) ()*)&)(. * /&%)%( 0)%)*&%$)(!()(3'%0.!)&'())(./&)($().%()))$%'$&))-(3'!'))'#/&)!'$&)&
3.1 Efectele Conveniei n dreptul intern al statelor membre
'&%%,&(&($"0*)+)%)$)!)%())='$&))$)()/&)!'$&)&.&')1')!)'&)))%!'$ 3'%($&'($)B (*&"()($)2$(#) - !(%% $( &)$ )'!)(&. /& %!'$ 2((&0 )+)%) ( '&'(&(*&*($!)%#))!'$+'&(*)&($)%))*.%)$($'&)'# '!(&(#&($). /- ))-) )+%(%()( /& (&2))( %!'$' '*)&((0'*0()$1)(#B
- %:((%0.&)()(./&*()*0'0.!&%!)3()%'&%')$(&)$ %&'#&($ (' $)2$(. !&%!$) &)) '&. ) %)$)*(*'$).*()($()-.)%!)%#(+)0))*($(20E
- )*'$ ) %&$ !)0"' !& &)) (%!)0 &' &'*(H&)%&)&($()(I$)2$(#)&)&).%-)%"$)3')%0)-(%)-!(%%(*&()E
- *!'&))( 1$2(#$ !"). !) )=)*!$' (%))( ) ( &%*&((&'*) +(!). %&'%) $( (*&"() (!0 ( )*)$ ) !)%#)&(#&($)
- )='$ ( 4 & &)) &' !() + (!$%( )%, (%0 (%)((!*)-)'&$%/&%('$)(:)&*)$3'%)&)&)
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
25/112
))($0!()./&%)()((%)$'(&(*&*)!)%#)+).))($0!(%!()(()$)'!)&)%(). /&1("(*(3) )(!)%)) &(#&($) -(')(&0# $. ! %)( +,&)!')&%)(%)' )*&( &) %)$)*(!')&%)*3$(%) %() ! + '$"() ) %0) ()$) %&(%(&) !)&' ((%%)$)( ('. *!0. ( +,&( &)2()( &)&0 ( !&%!$ '!(
&(#&($)))$%'$!)%()/$%'!0&)(/&)(:(&*)$&)&)&(%) !'&% ) ))). )1') +0%'0 !*0 &%#) /&) )*)$)&)2(()%)$)/&%()(%)$)&)&(#&($)+(%!()&)!'$&)&-%)$) &&&)2(() %() (!0 %&%)!#)'($0( & 3'%). /&%()&)(3'%0&)&0&')/&)!0'&)%'%)(&)&(#&($0
3.1.1 Sistemele integratoare
)*))&!(#)*&0.(%))((*%0(()$)&)&(#&($)(+%()+(% !() & )!'$ &)&. (,& !')) ) $)2) - +& ) (!$%(1$()*)(0/&+(#(3')%0'$'&(#&($F&(!/&0)$%'$!)%()&)(
/$%'!0/&)(:(&*)$3'%)&)&).()$))'!)&)!+%$(+%()/&)%()2B% F&(%)(0%()2))/&%).%' %)'&). ( '(. '&). *)( '!0 (+%()( &)) (/&%)!' )"1()) 3'%0 ('!( $%'$' (%))( /& )(:( &*)$3'%)($.!"#(%()('*+((+%)((($&+(%&'#&($)()='$')'!)(&./&0.%('*()(%%$('))%")'%()./&4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
26/112
?
(%'$' )'!)(& (&'*0 !)%+%() /&(! ) ($) &*) 3'%). %'+#03'%0))%)2($0+)$)()'&B;)*(&(-($(
3.1.2 Sistemele non-integratoare
()$)%()(*)('($0(%)=))/&%('$'&)*)3'%)+))()!'$'&)-(%)$'&)&(#&($.&')%'&%!'))()$)2)))!&)&('&'(%&)&(#&($.)%,(%0(%)())&'/&)*'$3'%&(#&($!&$)2))=!)0(!(0)($(*)&2%()*'$')0./&)).&!&%!'$)!((#)!')$/&((!$%(/&*)=)*)%B%'*)*&()((()$))(1'#()=)%''$'.(%()((%)(!')))$)2)(/&)*&(/&%0$%()()=%$'0#$)2$()(($(*)&'$'F&%('$(%)')*))20)%()!)%'*&2((.'$2((.)2(.')(('$(&(
F&+&).%))*%0(*()1'*)&(%0/&))*)$)&&&)2(()))20)-)-%)$($&'&'!)&))*(%())*!(&0/&%$)/&
%()%)(*(*()!()(()$*)*1)$(&))'&-*)*1)('%(&()$(&)2()(/&.()*'$%*'&(*!'&).%(!&%!')1("0. '!)*(#( &*)$ ($) +(#0 ) %)$) ) )! &)& F& %$)&)20&))/&)!'$%*'&(.(%)(((++%($)(&)%0!&%())(2'('!)*(#(&))/&()()$)
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
3.2 Efectele deciziilor Curii n dreptul intern
-(%'*!'&)(**('.('!((%)''1)%!$(&)("0*'$)&%)'&'0'&(#'&$)%()!3'+%((+)$)%&%$'")!&(%)$))*)/&%('$'&)2(&"(# &)&(#&($)B%&(%'$&))!'$ &)&(#&($)(-%)$&(#&($)))(0)$()%)&0.(./&%))(%)!)-)%)(*(*() !() ( 2(&"(#$ &)&(#&($). (%) %&(% )) /&%0 !(%%&( ) )! &)&(#&($ ( %0'( 0 )&+%) *3$(%) !)&' ())*&()$'#)/&)&'$)%)!0)%)-()!'$')(/&%('$)*)$ &(#&($). (. )%(*(0 $'#$) )&+%() '& )!() ) (
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
27/112
A
!')(+'$"()&)()'!)(&0!)"&0/&0-)(%)(0(0(&'*)!(%'$(0#)='$)!))))=)('&)+)%))%)/&)!'$&)&.( *!(( !) %() !)"&0 !)&' )*'$ )'!)(& ) !)%#) ()!'$ +'&(*)&($) ( %&' $( )%'&(-))( '& )+)%) &)%) ($)3'!'))'#
3.2.1 Efectele directe
(?&&)).+'$(.!0#$)%&(%(&))1$200)%&+*)") )%"$ '# /& $2$) /& %() (' + !() & (%) )=.%&( ( )#&' '0 %()2 ) )+)%) )%) ($) )%"$ '#B +#(1$2()()%")-('()()$'%'3')%(((%))(
#("!)#!
6#( 1$2() ) (!)("0 $( )=)%'()( !"'$' )%") )1')'1$&(/&%0)$(/&%)!'%0&(()$((1'2&'()%*!))()(
!'&) (&'$()('& (%) (*&(). %(()( '& )%" 3')%0)-$!)())+%)('&&*)3'%).%((%()(./&1("((4.( '& )!02'1 *()($) (' *($) %*) $0 &)) 6#()=)%') ()%")&'/&)(*&0/&0!1$()() ( )%'2) $()=)%'()$0.%(+(!'$%0:0,)('#))'+%)&0!)&'(%&'1("(!$0#'*)$/&%('"0.!$(($0*,&,&$(1'&0(('$'/&%('"0
)%)&!&)%")!&'(0%&(*,&)')((($)*($()&)0('#)&)!)()((4&&)).!%0'(')(((%( )!(()( !)3'%'$'/&*0'( /&%())!'$ &)&&'!)*)
))2'$0.')()+%0/&+)%()'(#)/&%)*0'0)!'$&(#&($&'!)*))%,*!)+)%/&$0'()(%&)%)$'&)$0()!'$-$1)0#$)%'&%')+)&%('"('&'1(%$)&('03'%0.+)('&)*!1$() %) )"'$0 & &('( $'%'$ C) )=)*!$'. /& %("'$ /& %()$()(&))%&0/&&)=)('&)%0)((%(4('($0)!'$' ) (%%) $( '& 1'&($ ( ? M 4D ) %)$) *(*'$) . /&0.*!1$()()))&3'%%&,&/&)=)('&))%")+&)- )%(1$) %()( &(/&!'))( $'%'$'3')%(( +&%0'&(&)%$))(*1$()(!$,&2).%)(%()))%)$*(2')+%(0.))%*()!'"()(%0$)((%&)&).'&)=)*)!'#&)&'*)()'(#$) /& %() 0 0*,&0 !1$() )%:0 !)&' ( /&$0'( )+)%)$)
/&%0$%0)!'$-$1)0#$)%$(*(&'$'F&+&.(#'&)())=)( (%)) % )) %*( (%))( %(. /& )*)'$ !&%!'$' '1(0#*3$(%)$'!(&(#&($))!)%#)()!'$'*'$'.()$%&(%(&)0 $ )+))!1$()( )( )2$( )!)%()()!'$ +'&(*)&($) $(&)$&(#&($F&(%))%.)+()2)'%()!'$&)&0*(+))!1$0#)+)%)-(%%)1$))/&$0'()(()+)%)$$0&))-))!(()(!)3'%'$''+)
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
28/112
>
!##"
(%0/&)!'$&)&.('()()$'%'3')%(('&))%")*&+%0%0:0,)(%)!'&)()0'$'-%0&'!)-)+*'$()('&)%))(,&(%)$(-1)%- %('"0./&)!'$%&)&($('()()$'%'3')%(()(%)$(-'1$')+)%B!"-&)2(=%)!#(('0#$'%'$'3')%(!()+%(0/&+(#(%0)&())"(0%'%)))(,&(%)$(-1)%%(-!$,&2))(()(0'#
F& !&( &(0. )) '- +%$ ) %'( )!) ('() ) $'%'3')%(()%"$'#&%)$!'#&'0(#'&))!()./&%$)/& %() )!'"()( %0$ ) ((% &)&) )) %) ) (*1$() (!$,&2). %))* %0 )=%)!#( $'%'$' 3')%( ( !')( + !'0 /& )*)'$)%")&)&))+&)-&'()%")'#))($0!().))+%$)(!)%( %0 )%") ( '&) &() '!(&(#&($)!(). $( ( (%'($0. 0!'%0$(&)$&)&(%)$)(-)+)%)%(-:0,)('&)&()&(#&($)./&%$)/&%()&%$'')((+*0+)%)&%0&'3(%0$'$'&'&()
) )%' +(#0 ) %)$) &(#&($) ) (%))(. 0*,&)* )")(# +(#0 ) (%)!1$ )+)% )% ($ 3'!')) '# )& /&0 %0 )=%)!#( $'%'$'3')%( !() +!'0 /& %('$ !%)'$ &)&) ($) '#. (-( %'* (*(0( *( '. %:( /& $!( '&) !))) )=!)). !$,&2))( !',& +)!&0%((1'"0
3.2.2 Efectele indirecte
+)%)$) &)%) ($) 3'!')) '# '& *'$ *( &'*)() - '&%:)) '%%)'$' ) %() ( 1'%'( )*'$ )'!)(& ) 2((&() ($1)0#$ +'&(*)&($) 6'&(*)&'$ $ 3'% 0. /& !&( &(0. /&!&%!'$.!)&'%0&'(!')(1))!)%()(%'1'&0%) ( 1$2(#$ ('*() +00 ( (2'( )!)%()( &)2($0 ((%)(. (&'*) +))( %0) !)(&) (+$(0 '1 3'%#( '&' ( %)$!'#& ( (&('$'*&* *!' ) ') '&. /& !&( &(0. )+)%)&)%) () %&)%)$) !) %() )%") ( '# !'%) $( &)$'$3'!')) - $)2$(#) &(#&($) ( ()$ *)*1) %))( '&B('()( ) $'%' &)!)(. ('()( !))&0 - )=)( '&!%)')))=(*&()
!##"!'#
)&'(/)$)2)%)!)'!'&)(%)(0('()($'%'$'&)!)(.)1'0
!&* ) ))B () ()$) %() (' /&,+'$ )*'$' $ 3'% &'#).(''&%(($2($)!'$+'&(*)&($)!)3()%().*(*'$('*(!'#&.()(%)$(-%&'%'%)$($&))F&%&)%.&()$)&(#&($).+)%)$)))!%*'&.+)%)$))%&)&%%&'#&($&0&)!))"))*'$)%&''$%&%)($(%)$(-)!'-$1)0#
F&*0'( /& %() %&$'$ '# &' )) '& %&$ . )=(*)&'$!$,&2))(!)("0)%)$)*(*'$)$((!$%()(%&%)0($)2$(#)
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
29/112
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
30/112
5
!##'%!%.+#!%.
(%0 ('()( $'%'$' &)!)( ) )20)-) /& !)( 3'!')($0 (&()$ &)&). $2%( )*'$' )'!)(& *!'&) - ('()!))&0 (' %)%0 ( )%"$ '# %() ) ())("0 /& !&%!($('0#$$)2'()F&%$)/&%().+00(+)=!)*)&(0.)2'$(!)%))&'$' 2')&)("0 3'!')( '# - / (2'0 %))(.%&(*&()('&'(!()0((20(!)%")%&(*&()1("()!)(%)$)(-+(!)3'%).(%))(&'*0'&'!')'&)!)'&!')&%)/&(*+%($)2$(#(&%*&(0$((1'2%)(0!)'&)))20)-)$('0 &)$)B '&'$ !$%. !& *(2&)( !'1$%0 ( ('$' /& %('"0 +()*!(&0./&!)%($!)&'()$)&)'$'!)-($'$)%&*%.%0%)*'$))!02'1$)*()($) -*($) $(%()('$))1$2('&*!(&)
%) )+)% !() + !))& ('&% %,& 3'!')( '# %&(*&0$)2$(#('&'()#.(%()))()*0&0()%'%)((($()('&%
%,&. !)&' ( )( %&(*&()(. ('$ *+%0 $)2$(#( /& *!'$!%)'./&))()($!)%$(*(&'$)%($()()%*0)()*)&)(.)+)%'$!()+%)%('&%%,&('$)(%#&)("0$(!!(%&(*&()(%%( ()$ %&(%(&) (1'&0 /& (+)$ ) )=)*!$). /& !)%($ )%)%()($)2$(#)
&&'.)!()%&(()&))%))((%)')+)%($3'!'))'# /& %()2( )+)%)$)%). (0 +& !(%%( ('*(0 ( (&'*() ) *+%() ( $)2$(#) !)&)&) '!0 )%"$) %() ")("0.)*(%(1$0+&!(%%($)#)/&(%)*)&'
/#$!##'!"!
&)%*(&()(C555D*)'$)G&-($%(()$*)*1)!'&))( /& !(%%0. $( &)$ &(#&($. ( '& )*) %() 0 (2')))=(*&()( !%)'$ /&'*( '&) )%" ) %&(*&()( ('$' /&%('"0%'%!'$) ((2'( )!(()( &)2($0 (!)3'%'$'- )!'&))()!$&0 /& '(#( (&)(0 #'&)( ) ))=(*&() (%!)0 (,))%:))('&!%)'3'%().%,-(*&()
%(0'&).))()%:)(%%)'$'$(!%)')))=(*&&()(+'*(0 )*( *'$) () )'!)&). /&((&) +))&)$) &) )$) )$2(. (&)*(%(. 6&$(&(. !(&(. $(%(. ')( - '( (*))%:))( !%)' !)&'$() (&)) /&%('$ )*'$' )
)!%*'&))%'/&(&'$().&()$)'!)*)$)'*)&()(!)%&%0(!'2(0/&%0$%()($)2$(#)!&)%"(%()(($(1("( %&(*&0 /& +(#( '# $) () ;)*(&(. '(. '$2((.(#(. 6((. ;)%(. '(&(. '=)*1'2. G($(. )2(. $&(.$)&(. $)#(. G()( (&) - *,&( (' !)+)( 0 &'%0 /&$)2$(#))=)!)%($)%()0!)*0))%:))('&!%)'3'%()%('*()('&))%")%&(*&()!)&'&))!)%()(&))
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
31/112
4
((%)%$)2)&)($)($)(%)!"#!+&)"()/&+)$'$'*0B- *)&'$ ) (!$%(1$() )) ) )2'$0 %%'*% (, $0)!'$!%)'($).%,-(%)$)+&- )) %) ) ))%:)) ( !%)' !1$()( )!(0!)3'%'$'-()!'&)/&'(#((&)(0
- )) &)%)(0 $)20'0 %('"($0 /&) $()( &)) - )%"(&()- )=)('&')*)&)!)%!#)('))%0))!)&'&'%))(%))- %)))()))%:))!()+&'0))2'$0)!)(&(/&%('"0-.'&).)%0)!%'
-(%'*(+*(**('.!&))=(*&()(('$')/)$)2)&'&'*())%:))( '&) !%)' 3'%(). % - )"$()( %&+$%'$' !) %($)(*&(0 !) )=)*!$'. /&'&)$) %("'. ()$) ('!)+)( 0!'&0(%) ) 2(#)) (' 0 )&') !' - *!$' $( )=)%'()( '&) !))!)!())$1)()
&&'.)!()%&((.!&&'*0'$'!&"0)*())()%()('(!( (+)$ ) *0'. %0 (%) )+)% ($ )%"$ '# () )&( ) ())& 1$2('./&)&'$) ()*!'&) /&(%&()$)$1$2(#))))=(*&()(%("'$%()('%&'$()%")%&(*&()
3.2.3 Natura juridic a Curii. Efecte
*0"'*('(*!$()()+)%)$'#/&)*)$)3'%)($)()$*)*1) ) *( !() 1 /& (%)) % )!) &( ) )!&)&(#&($KF&%&0.)1)-)&%)/&%)*(&)&)!)&('03'%0)%')%&'#&($0( &())'!)&).))%()()'+%)&)*'$)(2'*)&)!)&'(+'#&'0
((%)%$)'&)&()%&'#&($))!)20)'$)'-/&)%)$)($)'#B
- !)3()( '&) H%() %&'#&($)I F& %$) /& %() $2$)%&'#&($)*)&))(!)("0&%)/&%)*(+)%)&$(!)%#()!'$ +'&(*)&($). ) !() (+*( %((%)'$ %&'#&($ ($&)). %:( (%0 &' ()("0 - 2(&"()( !')$. !)%'* &'#) %$(%0 +*(#( !() + 3'+%(0 (, !& (!()( $(3'!')(!!)(&())'!)&).%,-$($%'$!)%().(-(%'*(*0"'./$ 3(%0&)(-)%"$)'#/&)*)$)3'%)&)&).(%0
&) (!0* ( $( )+)%'$ &)!)(. !',&') 1 ) '& $% )&('0%&'#&($0- %((%)'$)$'/& &)!)()()!'$2((&().!&%!'%()) )20)-) /& '%'( *))$ ) &)!)() ( %0) &()%&'#&($)*)&).))(-(%'*(*0"'*('- %((%)'$ (1(% ($ %&$'$' )=)%( & (%) !'&% ) ))).))2)')1)*$'&)%'&()$)%&'#&($)&(#&($)./&0 !& )=&))( & %) /& %) *( (%%)&'(0 ( '& ) %*0
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
32/112
!)($0-!&!)(%&)&%'$'!&%&''$-&'(!$%()('&) &*)$)2($). )&()) )1)%"() ( %&$'$' )=)%()')- &($()( $)2$(#) %&(0 )!'$ +'&(*)&($) -( %'* (*(0( *( '. ')( &' () $'$ %$(% ($ $)2''$' &)2(. /&0 !)
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
)& %0 0*,& '&)$) (!)%) /& !( %0( ')( )'!)(&0 )+))("0)%')%&'#&($0&(#&($0!)(&)$)%()!)"(.)+%()(*( ($) ( %*!(1$0# '& !(%% (*&() )% (%&)0* %0)!()1 $( ( (%'($0. )&('0 3'%0) &((%&'#&($0'!(&(#&($0%*'&0''()$*)*1)
+)%)$)(*)(%)'!'&%))))&''&&)2$3(1$)+)$./&!*'$,&.)!($"($(&)$&)&-)%"%()!)%())#)F&($$)(,&.)*!'&)%'($()))+)%)%!&%!'$$'%'$'&)!)(.%))(%)!() %&'%) $( %:*10 !+'&) /&(&'*)*)&.!)%'* 2(($)!%)'($) /&*()( (*&(0 F& +&). )( *(3) ) (!)%)) )*'0%*!$)/&!$(&'$!'&0#.!0,&(!)%))($)2($0#*0'
)2'%0()(%)))+)%)&''&/&%0))/&!(%%()'!)(&0./&0 () )&)$) '1$&() *( ' %&'%. /& !&( &(0. $(%)'&)((&!'&)$/&)($()(*)(0
3.3 Efectele Conveniei asupra sistemului judiciar romn
*,&( ( (!( &)( )'!)(&0 ()!'$ *'$' /& '&)4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
33/112
%'&%' )$'#) )$( $)&0. ) $( 2&() !,&0 $( %&'#&($"()(&))-(3'!'))'#
('")$) !)&' %() &(*%( !%)'$' ) &%!() /& )!'$ &)& ()!'$ - $1)0#$ +'&(*)&($) ( + $)&0. *( ($) $( &)$'$&()$ 3')%0)- &(). '& ) &('0 +)0 F& !*'$ ,&.+%'$()( (!$%0 &)) ( (!0' (0 $!) %0' )* )&+*()+%($!&3'!')('#.3')%0*02&&').(+)$.0(+*)'&)%&+*()((%)$))!&)&%')='$&))F&($$)(,&.(*(&+)()%)!')&%03')%0$+(#0)&(- '& )= 3'% ) &('0 '!(&(#&($0 6)&*)&'$ &' )) '&%.*(&+),&') $( &)&() +)0 - /&($) ()*)*1) ($) &$'$''!)
@*(&($"((-((/&%)$)%)'*)("0*'$/&%()()$'(!)%)!#($'*3'%)*,&)-('!(&))-()+)%)$(%))(('!()*'$'3'%&)&F&!*'$,&.*%0'(0)%)$0*$%'$&))/&)(:(
&*)$3'%).(!*!)")&()+)%)$))%)-&)%)($):0,$'#
3.3.1 Locul Conveniei n ierarhia normelor juridice
)*'$3'%*,&)).!)%'**(3()()*)$)'!)&).'&)**&.%()(%0!())!'$')&('0&)&(#&($0+)$.!( 44 & &'#). (()$) - %&)$) &)&(#&($) (+%() )*,&( +(% !() & )!'$ &)&. (. %&+* ( 5. (()$)&)&(#&($)(+%()/&*)&'$)!'$- $1)0#$+'&(*)&($))(!$%0 %' !() +(#0 ) $)2)( &)&0 )- %&( )) '&(&*0 /& (&)!)(!"#$)(44 -5&&'#) /&)&'$ /&%()&)(() '& $% /& )(:( &*)$ 3'%) &+(%&'#&($ - '!($)2$(.3'!')( '# &'#&($) )) )'$ ) &)%$(0 %' !) $((!$%(1$()()%0(&))$($2$)%&'#&($)
+)$./&!*0)%").&(('$")("0)='$(?&&))!&+$'$+))(5.!&',&')&'('!(%*!(1$0#&)$)2)-(?&&)).%('!(%*!(1$0#&)$)2)(/&%'#)-(5 & &'#) !$%,& &)%&)( - )+'",& (!$%()( )%0)='$' )'!)(& &(( %&'#&($0 (+*0. &)%. (&2'$ ) &*0&+(%&'#&($0 ( &)) $) /&0. /& ($0 )%"). ')(&'#&($0 )+'"0 )=!) +$'$ ( 5 - (!$%0 )% !)))$) '&'
((&)&(#&($)%$((#('&)($0()!'$*'$'(+*,&%0+3%4+C-&'(5&&'#). &. D. %))( %)(!')( %&'%) $( %&%$'"(%0 &(())%' %&'#&($ %0 !& (%)(0 )%") &*)$) ) 2&)&)&(#&($0$((&2)$)2)%&'#&($0
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
34/112
+*(#( &' )1') /&0 !0 %( )!)")&,& ('$ (%'($ ($ )!'$'*,&)%.)()%) 3'!')( 1'&($)$ &*,&). &%$' ( '#&'#&($). %:( (%0 /& *( *%0 *0'0. )) *&(0 )&%)). +&. )*'$) . 2)' ) )%)$( 3'!') '&+*0 /&!1$)*) %'(1$) &+'"( %() *&)-) /& (%)(0 ! $( &)$'$
&() ) %&)&% %&'#&($ !() + )$)(0 !& %&))&)$))=!')/&($))%"+)$.!))!().((+*(%0('&%%,&)%')&'$&%0!"#$)(5&&'#)+00(+(%))+))$()'&)=)2&)&)&(#&($0.)%''$%&'#&($))&)*(')((!)%"(%0 &*) %&'#&($) C&. D. ))($0!()./&0.!'&)($))%".&*)$))2&)&)&(#&($0&''&&*)%&'#&($)./&'%,)($ %$
3.3.2 Locul Conveniei n jurisdicia drepturilor fundamentale romne
&%$)&)%$(0#$)%'!)$($%'$)=(%!)%()&*)$)%&)&($)/$%'!0/&)(:(&*)$-&+))&(%0)='$&))))'$"(!&+$'$ ( 5 & &'#) (' )%. )) %) +(!'$ %0 (%)( ( ))&)!( '& &'*)& +$ & %) /& %) *( ) ) %0) ')(&'#&($0 /& *()( )%"$ ($) F&%0 ) $( %' *! ) $((+%()(&)).')(&'#&($0( (+*(%0 + * 5 56$($ (+)$. &(( ) %&$ ($%&'#&($0#$)2$()%%0 3% 477 % / %%
$)%,& ) $( (%)) !*) )%" (!() )$( (! '!0 **)&'$(+%0&((%&'#&($0+(%))))+))$())$)(%$)&&)) !)&' (- *( )%"$) =)*!$)$) '& &'*)() $( !*()))./&0))/&%02)')(+*(%0.$(((%'($0.!)))$)&))%&') !&%!($'$ *3$% ) &)!)() ( !"#$ %&'#&($)&)&) ) *'$) . )+))( $( &)) )) )=)* ) +'2($0. )='$
!)&)& +& ( )&'*)( ($0' ) ($) !"#. +00 &% '& +)$ )(&($"0 ( (%)'( 1( (%)) (+*(# )) )%"( !& %() ( )%$((%&+*(,!"#$%&'#&($).%,-(?&&))(5 4& '$ ) !%)'0 !)&($. !"#) %() ( + )%$((0 %&(0&)) !& :0,)( '*0)%' ( '# '!)&) &($",& (%))!"#. ')( &'#&($0 &' ( +0%' ($%)( )%, 0 !)%")") %0!"#$) $)2($) !%)'($) '& 8 % ) ()*)&)(. /& (&'*) '(# /& %() ) %'0 %:)'& )
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
35/112
!&%!'('!('&!1$)*)%)#&))!'$)-$1)0#$)+'&(*)&($).&((%&'#&($0&'+(%)&%'&+)$))+))$(!)))$)&))'$'))=)*!$'.)!%()%")&)!)()/&*()/&%())=03'!')(1'&)&0('#)'!)&).!)%'*$1)'$(%%)$(3'#)/&'(#( )=))'&!%)' (*&() 1$2( !)($(1$) (' %'
!)$('&)()&(')%0)(%0%)(0('&)('#&'#&($).('&)%())(+$0/&'&!%)) ()&'().)) %' (,*( !'#& )=!$%(1$0 %' %, !)))$)&))'&+)%)&&%())%0))%').+00($)0!'&)$((2'*)&)/&*()( :0,$ & !0%(). +)&*)&'$ () (*!$() ))10 $(&)$'$ &()$ 3')%0)- ) +&. %() '$")("0 )=)* ) ( %))+)) $( &)). /& %'( +(!'$' %0 (%)(( )) %&(& &%(0 /&(!0() ) %0) !0#$) !%)'$'. /& !)%($ /& %('")$) !)&($) (' /& %)$)!&!!)()(
3.3.3 Efectele jurisprudenei Curii europene a drepturilor omului
'!0 %) (* (&($"( *'$ /& %() )) ! - +#( 3'%0 ( )='$'&))./&%)%(./&%)$)%)'*)("0.0(0%()'&)+)%)$)&)%)!)%()3'!')('#$)!'%)/&)*'$3'%*,&
'0#$)%'!)2()/&*())$)2$(0&')(%#&)("0/&&%'&+)$$(:0,$)'#.&%/&%)!)-)%)$)!&'()/*!(('$'*,&.&% /&%)$)!&'()/*!( ($ ().(%()!)%*)&/& %()*,&( !() &( /& %('"0!) )=)*!$'. )=0 )3( ! %&(*&0 ($)*,&) !& )!)%'$ )!'$' ) !!)() ('!( *1$)$&(#&($"()-($)")%)!$,&2))%$(()(*1$)+&()&'(,!))+'"'$)'$.%,!)$!('&))!02'1$(($())($0+00%(('0#$)('$'*,&0)(%#&)")/&)'&+)$$(&)$$)2$(
(+)$. /& '*( :0,$ )1($( % $&( - )& % '$2((!&%$)/&%()))+)%')("0%&$'$$)2($0#()0-'&)()H*(2(I$(%()))+)0(M&&)).'$)!%)'0!)&($0(+)1'*+%('1(($!)&'())(%&(*&()(('$'*,&!)/&+(#(2(&)$3'%#&($))$((1'2F&%$)/&%()&*)$))!%)'0!)&($0*,&)'&)&%)%'%)$)!$&)")1'$2()&**)&'$%&(*&0(%)().)(%#(+)(%0(+)1'0+)(*)&()(*)(0((%)(
F&%'((%)!2)).3'!')()!'$+'&(*)&($)-(!$%()(&))!&)+))($(:0,$)'#)$((1'20*,&%&+'")./&)2,&')+)%)&(!$%02)-)($)3'!'))'#.(+)$/&%,)!()(+*(%0'&))+))($(&))))(+*($0!))=)*!$'.%'!$)3'$)=(*&0%&'#&($0#'&)$)2+()*!(&).%)(%()( )2$)*)&( ($ )2*'$ 3'% ($ *1$)$ &(#&($"(). &((%&'#&($0(+0%')+))$(3'!')('#.!%0)(/&%("'$))&2)/&)=)%()()!'$')!!)().!)(&0/&%('"0)1')
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
36/112
?
0+))!02'10$('&&)$)"&(1$'()(%))(.()%%0$)2)(%()(1$)(($()()!02'1$./&%)$)*(*'$)'(#.$(($&+)())")%)+(#0)($()()!(#0(1'&'$))%&'#&($0.+&/&%&%(%'&)((+)$%'*)))(&)!)(0-(!$%(0)')()'!)(&0G'$)%($%'$($)!02'1$+00()$'(/&%($%'$($()(
)!(#0(1'&'$'.%&-) &%%()&'#&)(*()$%($()( /&%()))'(1'&'$.(1$&')-$*0*(=*0()!02'1$)(!=*(5555)'(+&%*&()')()'!)(&0/&:0,)('*0)%'.)%"))!&%!'('!()!)%0)!'$')!!)())%0)('$*,&
(+)$.!&($0)%").')(&'#&($0(!)%"(%0!1$()() ( ) )=)%( '& )%' /& (&'$() %&( '&) )%" %$) )%(1$)%,&&'%&(&))!)%'$')!'$'$('&!%))%:(1$.(+)$%'*)) (%)) )2$)*)&( /& ( ? & &))& (%)(- :0,) (0 /&%("'$'*0)%'.)$'(0(!/&*(*'$),&'.&(()$((1'2((+*(.%''&(&*())'.%&('$
*!)")&(.%'$'))=)*!$'.('0'(#.!()%)$)*(+$(2(&)./& %() 3'!')( '# &'#&($) ) ')("0 !) !"#))%&%$(1$0%'%)(('#)'!)&)()!'$*'$'./&0)=)*!$)$)!%&&'()(%)!()(2)%&%$'"(%0&%()(H&'#))'!)&)I-(3'!'))H'#&'#&($))'!)&)I)+(%)/&%0.)*'$).:(%-+*($.!)&'%(:0,$)&()%&'#&($)&)&00%(!))('()(!0/&,&'$!'1$%'$'-(3'-$
3.4 ntrebri
4 ()'&)+)%)$))%)($):0,$'#K ()'&)+)%)$)&)%)($):0,$'#K
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
37/112
A
0 '!"#.,!*!.
4.1 Dreptul la via
)!'$ $((#0. %()!)3)("0 %)(*( *!(&0($()'*(&0. 1("(!)%() ) 2)+)("0 %)$)$($) )!' - $1)0# +'&(*)&($). )) H%)$ *(+'&(*)&($I)!($!)(&)'!0)=!)(*)'$')!'$*'$'&%('$7%)(/-20)-)%&(%()(/&%)%&'#)*)&0.(!)3()( $' )) 1)%'$ %)$) *( )=:(') )2$)*)&0 & %) %!)&($)(%))(.&''!&)+(!'$%0!*'$)!)%'&%'/&&))./&(($(%))(.)))!'$+)%0)!)(&))(0
(%)')=.)!)))%0B. " - $(
4 - &911$$
4.1.1 Coninutul dreptului la via
7!*0!1$)*0)$(0$()!'$$((#0($!)(&)))(%))((&(-)
(%)')!')(((*+(!'$%0!)(&0&)&0%'01)&)+%("0)H'&()%() )! $( (#0I )%'&%' !& ( & &)) F& (! )!)%#((%)')!.'&!1$)'0'(#B('&%%,&*(*()-)0()").)!'$$((#0($%!$'$'&)&0%'&0/&%&+$%%')!'$*(*))(!'&))!!'$%!.%&(%(!&( > & &)). %(" /& %(). /& (&'*) '(# ()$) ! 0 !)*0*(*)0()") ('&% %,& *(*( &' )-) 0 ()"). ( %!$'$ )%))("0 & ($)%('"). ')( ( %&)(. !& :0,)( @ % 6((. %0 ()$) &' ('1$2(#()(&%*&(!)&($+(!(%*0%&(%!$'$'&)&0%'./&0'&1$2()0(2')!0$%)$!'#&'&)!)(1#&))!02'1%$)
)$(!)(&(&(0))%)'$%!$'$''(!1$)*0$)2(0)%&''$)!'$'$((#0))(%))()(-(%0(%)( &%$') '& )! *!$%) (*'')( ()( 0 ) )=!*)%'+)*(). !,&0 $( (%)(0 (0. /& (! ) (%)(0 !1$)*0. /&0. !&:0,)((&(+(%))()9%G()((&).()+'"(0(*0)!'$)( ) &'%) ( '&) !)(&) '-. /& (! ) )'(&(). (%0 ) '&
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
38/112
>
))&'($)!)(*'($!)(&)(+$(0/&+("()*&($0('&)1$.')(()(0+))'&0!'&%$(!,&0$((%)(0(0
4.1.2 Obligaiile statelor
%$'$*!'&)!')1$2(#/&(%&(()$*)*1)
("!)#!!" )#!% !)'!'& 1$2(#( ('$' ) ( ) (1#&) 0!(%).!&(2)./&*&)&(*()('&)!)(&)(+$(0'13'%#((
F&%'('&))=%)!#!)0"')/&(%'!)$(!))(!(%'*()(.!&( 4 & %$'$ & ?. !))(!( %' *()( ( + &)"0. )=%)!,&&+(%#'&)()0()!)*!)0"1
'-.)!'$$((#0&'))'&)!(1$'-./&(&'*)%.(2)('$'!!%(&)&(*()('&)!)(&)%))%'&B
- )%''$$(+#00++(1$'&)%)(.(%0(2)('$'0&'+('$(!"#))($0*($())((%#&()%,!&)%'$(+#0- '(#(0)/&%()")/&)!)")!)0"'))=!)$(($&($(
("!)#!!" )#!% !)'!'& 1$2(#( ('$' ) ( !)3( !& *0'$)2$()-(*&())!'$$((#0($!)(&)$(+$()'13'%#(('#.(%))1$2(#'&B
- 1$2(#()( &%*&(!& $)2)(&2)$) ('))!'$' $((#0($!)(&)- 1$2(#( ) ( (1$ !& $)2) !)")$) /& %() (2) ('$' !)%'2)$(+#0- 1$2(#( ) ( $'(*0' %&%)) ) !)%#( ( )# '&) !)(&)(+$()/&'&!)%$)($-*&)&- 1$2(#()( )+)%'((&%:)0.!&0 & +%'. (!0 -)+%(%) /&%)'(#)/&%())!'$$((#0($'&)!)(&)(+(+)%(
4.2 Interdicia torturiii a tratamentelor inumanei degradate
)'$*()))(+$0/&(%$'$%()!)))./&+*'$()$(%&%0.%0 $ )2$)*)&,&./&+(!.)!'$%0)!)(&)$()*&()-$(&)2() +"%0.)!'$ %'!& /&!"#$)( )) '&'$&)!'#&))!' - $1)0# ) $(%() ()$) )'!)&)&'!)2( +&'&)!
(1$'(%&*'$&))(+0%'$%'&)3'!'))'!&"0)(1'&)&)('#-(+)*
4.2.1 Definirea noiunilor
%$'$ &)"%) ) !' ) %*!(*)&)B '(. !))!)$) ('((*)&)$)&'*(&)-!))!)$)('((*)&)$))2((&).+00($))+&/&)'& +)$. (%&(%)( ))& 2(&)$ ) 3'%#) )'!)&)%)(((
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
39/112
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
40/112
5
+ 3')%() %( +&*0' )"&(1$) /& (! ) !"#$) &))B(1$)(+#(0()"))'&'%*&($!)"'*(!)%'$!)'!'(+'&'$&)%(!*(+)($)&)!)&'$0"$(0./)&)%#()(!00 %(( /& *!'$&!# - ) '!()2:))( !)*(&)&0 ( !)(&) /&%('"0 - ( %&1$ ($)E %$(+%()( )#&'#$ /&'& !)&)&%(
3'+%(0 ) *0' ) )%'() &)&0E !)%:)"#$) %!($) +()+)%)&) ('!( '& !)(&) %&(*&() !)&' ()&() ))&%() )E "$()( %(%)($0 !) )*)& %' ( '&' )#&' '!0 %&(*&())+&0)%
'!)$(*0'$)%!$&()!')%&()#&'#$&!)&)&%().!&%!($'$%)')(!)%))((%)()))"$'#(&$'$''!)CAD%'!)$()2'$$)*&*($))$()$(((*)&'$)#&'#$.+00%((%)((0/&)*&).%)$!'#&/&3'!')(*()%:)%0%)$()((%)$)2'$*&*($)%&')-/&%0$%()((!))=)*!$'.('&%%,&'&')#&' ( (!$%(. %( - (&%#'&) %!$&(0. '& )2* ($*)&( !)%($./))%#)))!&*&'$.*((%&(%0.)-(&('$!)0"'/&)"$'#)(+/&%0$%(.&')=0$()((./&!)%($/&1("(+(!'$'%0('0#$)!)&)&%()('$'(*0'('1'!()2:))*)%($0
(+)$ ( )% %0 &' )) )($"(0 %( *&*'$' ) 2(() %'!)$(1'($()(2()&$(%0(%)(())%&)(0%(+&&*($0)%0)*(3()()#&'#$.'!()2:))()#&'#$/&*!%))(+$0$(($)0 $)(!')&%0 /&'-$) %)$'$)$!)&'( /*!)%()#&'#0(*0)()*)&)(.*(((!)%(%0*&*'*)2(()%)'))*( %( ('&% %,& )%$(*(&'$ ( (' ('&) !%(() +(#0 )('0#$)!)&)&%()!))=)*!$'.()%%&+*()(%'&)((+(!'$'%0'&)#&'(+10'))-"$(/&%(%)0*!)"$)!)
* %0 ( )+'"( 0 !00)(%0 %)$'$( /& *!'$ &!)%#$ )($"() )2()&
))($0!().%'!)$())(!)(&)$(+$()/&()!)%(0(0&00#.()%%0(%)((%0!1$)*)))1)'&(!)%'$)!)%0!"#$ ( . ()$) (,&1$2(#( ) ( $)!'&) $1)() ('&% %,&!($"()(('((*)&'$*)%($($(%)(&'!)*))(
0 '+1!+#!!'#"!!+!'"!#
)%)%0%)%&(*&()!)&($0('%)(&%#'&)(!$%(0'&)!)(&)!)'!'&) (&'*0'*$)((%))(/& +(#(%)$$($# -.)(%))(. &((
)'!)(&0 ( + %:)*(0 /& )!)() ,&' 0 ) !&') %' !) $(+))(&%#'&!)%($)+)!&&('($.+)!&*'$))=)%'()
&(&)!*)$)%('")%()(%(!))"$()(%)(0!1$)*0(+(+(%))( 9). /& %() )%$(*(&'$. '& *& ) 4 (&. ( + %&(*&(!)&'$)))'&1'&($&&'$)$)G(&.(!(#&,&G((&.$()$'%')2)('(!))'$2$(&%#'&)((+!'0/&)=)%'()/&1'$!$#)/&!)")('&'*)%-($(0$')%$(*(&'$'')(()%%0 (&%#'&)( &' (&2) 2(()( &)%)(0 !)&' ( + %0 %( +& '&
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
41/112
4
((*)&&'*(&./&0&('((&%#'&-%$)/&%()(+)=)%'(0(('(&2))2(0)*&0#)%$(*(&'$'.(+)$/&%,!()+%0'&((*)& )2((& F& %:*1. (,& %('"0 /& %() )$) (' +%&(*&(# !)&' '& )$% %!$&( /& -%($0 $( $)( /& !'1$% %'$&('$!))!($*0.')((%&)(%0&')=0(%(&2))'+%)&)
)(0 ( )*&0# %)$ !)&' ( ) %&)( %( (&%#'&)( )))2((&0)&' (+))( %)$) '0 !)")')(( (!)%( %0!*((&%#'&)))&%*!(1$0%')$'#(&*)$!)&($)2)&)($(%%)!()/&'!(. /& *! %) %)( )( '( (&%#'&) )( (#&($0 /& %#( -(!1(0)*()(!()(!!'$(#)
0 /'"*.!1!/..!
'()%0&)(&'%&) /&'%'( (%$('"0 ()*0&0() %)$)&(&&)(7!&'(-($)!))!)('((*)&)%').&'*(&)(')2((&).%()&)"%))=0()((')=!'$"()('&)!)(&)!)'&('&)(%)((%00+)'!'0'&'(+)$)((*)&.
(%)!&%!'()"$()!(/&3'!').(3'&2,&$((((%'($0)2'$0
+)$. !) %($)( (-(&'*) !)%#) !& %-)'. ()$) )*&(() ($)&))'&1$2()0)+%)(%0('$/&%())%0)=0)")('0)=!'$")")!)(&0)!)%0)!'$)+'&(*)&($)($)(%))('&%'$+&($($'&))$'#)'$)$'&2(3'!')))):0,)('#/&(+(%))()&2/&%()G()((&)(+%&(*&(0!)&'$()((./& '*( +(!'$' %0 ( )=0( /& ()$) &) !)(&0 %() %( 0 +)'!'0(%$'&' ((*)& &'*(&.)!)% +(!'$) (!))%)*(*'$#(&/&H%'$('$*#I"&0(!)&)&%('$'/&%()'&'#)#&'#%)
'*)("0(+)=)%'(#.+000$)%*'&%)-(()=)%'#)!))!)%(!($)
4.3 Interzicerea sclavieii a muncii forate
,& %( '0 ) &!(#) ( & )%$((#( &)($0 ( )!'$7*'$'.(&&))!'&)%0B.:4:(+:9;
1$$$11
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
42/112
'!0%'*)1)0. ( &)"%)'0 !') ((*)&)(!$%()'&)!)(&)B %$(( (' ()( ) )') - *'&%( +#(0. /&) %)$) '0'& )=,& (&'*) ()*0&0. ( - ))1 ) '1( - )2(() ( ((*)&'$' (!$%( @* (&($"( - & *( /&, %&''$'&) H%$()('() ))')I /& 3'!')()$( (1'2.
'*,&0%&&'0*%'(&($"(&)"%)*'&%+#()
4.3.1 Interdicia sclaviei i a strii de servitute
F&(%)(0*()).&)( &) 0)($0') ($(%) &)&(#&($)%()!)3)("0!)(&)$)/*!(%$().%)$*(*!(&&)(%))(+&&)()$(0$((1$)(%$()-(($((*)&)(&($(2)(!(0$(;)&)( /&4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
43/112
4.3.2 Interzicerea muncii forate
0,& (%)(- ):&%0 ) )($"() ( )='$'. &)( &' ( )+& &%'&)( ) H*'&%0 +#(0I. 3'!')( +& &)0 0 ) (!)") )*'$)$(($)%&)-(()&)&(#&($)/&*())!)&'()%)$(
%&''$. %)$) *( *!(&) &) (%))( +&&)( & '&) 4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
44/112
&)(%!)).&')!0-)(%('$*)))($)))%0))%$(*(&-&'%*!(&% ($)2)) %*&(' (' (1(0. (+)$ /&%, )%'$ &' !() +%&)(&%&3'.&%!)
(+)$.()%%0&'%&')(&2))('0(+(!'$%0'&-*))) 1$2( 0 (%%)!) )%'$ !!' ) +%'$ ) *'&%0 '1 (&%#'&)(!)))!'$'$(($%(#))-*(3+(!'$%0'&+1($!+)&&') !() (&+)( $('&( ($ %$'1 & %('"( '*) !:1) %)'0 !)&'(&+)'$0'
0 /'!!"#!*!#$!!,#
$ )$)( !((2(+ ($ ( )&'*)0 $*( !(' '(# %() &' ! +%)%(+&*'&%0+#(0/&)&'$%)$')($$)(!((2(+()(%))'(# '& %&)() %( 0!'&",& *!)()$ &))'$' 2)&)($. ($(0#%($)-()))&*($().%'%(0&'+)(!$%()/&*%*&('!)")$)!)0"')/&&))'&B
)&'%((%)(0)=%)!#)0+)(!$%(1$0))&)%)(.!))!().%())(0+)$%0/&(!)!"#$)(& &)). (. !) ) ($0 !(). %( *'&%( /& %'#) 0 +) '& )%'&*($ /& )*'$ !)&)&%( ')( ( )%. !& :0,) %%(0 /&%&0'1(%)(!)%.%0$)2($()()))/&(!)())+%(0&'*(+(#0)!)))$)!*'$'($&(($(%)')=+)$.(%0/&%('"0(%&($()((M.(%)((&'!)'!'&)('*($()((&&)))()*)&)(.()%%0(&'*!'&)&%1$2(#))!$(0(*'&%)=)%'() /&))). (+)$ (' + )!&) !$,&2)$) %)"(' (%)(!)% %)(0!"#).)$'(0/&*(
*'$) (%) &)&(#&($). ) )*(%0 !& +(!'$ %0 &' *!'&) ()$1$2(()(%)0'&')%'($)&(!)&'!)(&)$%0()$2(('%&-(&' $)!)*)!'$) (*).( $0,&$(%)#( ()$(%)$'%' %)(0 !"#) (!() %(&*($0./&))(!)30&))'$'!'1$% %)(0!))))")("0$)2($()(1$2(0#)((%(()'&)!)(&)/&%(")!)%$ ('( !)3('&&))!'1$%. !)%'*(+ 1$2(#( )$'!(%&('&' &%)&'. 1$2(#( !$#-$)( 0*,&)!))!2(*'$ 1-&')*'&%0/&(&'*)'(#'2)&).1$2(#((+3'()%
4.4 Dreptul la libertate fizici siguran
&&))&0/&(-(&'*'$&'%$)''($(%))(.($0')(?.>-45. )2$)*)&,&'&'$&))!'$) %()%'!0'&$!))*&)& /&%('$ '&) %)0# )*%(%) )!'$ $( $1)() +"%0 - 2'( F&+(!. (-( %'* * ))( *( 3. (%)(0 !"#). %) ( ( &(-)) '&)
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
45/112
3'!'))(1'&)&).%'!&)*(*'$))!'-$1)0#($)!)(&)!)))%0B
.
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
46/112
?
4.4.1 Noiunea de privare de libertate
)$%'!&"0.&%'&)()!())$1)()&'%(!00)+)/&)='$&)).))*&()(%,*!'$'0')(!$%(1$()0*,&,&/&(%&( 3'!')) !) ))1) ) '(# '() *( '. /&0 /&
)!$&0%&+*()%')&(2)&)($0.(,')(.%,-+(*)(')+'"( 0+)))+)(1(%0 ( (%)) '&.!)+),& 0(&($")")+)%()%("/&!()!$)%,&)&-)%)!'$()F&))/&0.(%&)(%0!)(&0))!(0)$1)()%,*!)(+$0/&'&(1$*)&)))).&+))&%,)$(2'&!1$0#$)($))*-%()-%0!)(&0)(+$0/&$1)()('&%%,&&'))/&%:0/&'&(&'*!)*)'%:((%0$1)()()*-%()'+)0(&'*)$*0
) (!$%0&'*(!0$) $1)().&'- )%#$)$1)(). /&(%)&'*0%("+&(!$%(1$(&%$'$&.+))(/&)%)$)'0'&+&)&%(&(+)$.)!()!'&)%0()*!()) $1)() ('&% %,& $1)()()*-%() '+)0 (&2) (, ) )()
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
'1$&)*/&0%0)*)'$)))*&()(%&''$''&)H!())$1)()I)(!)("0$(%$)!)%($)($)+)%0)'(#=)*!$'$%$(%%()!() ++))) %)$($ !)")!0)$1)() (*$($.%&),&')%0.(0!)%+%'$''(#)+#)$(*()-('&'2(
%()%!$&0.(&'*)!)")%()(+%&)()!())$1)()/&%("'$'&) !)(&)1-&') !)%'* &)%#( )!00 %("(*(('!'&%)!("0&'%&')&2)/&$1)()(+"%0(*$('$'F&%:*1.('&%%,&*$('&/&%:-/&%)$'$0.)!()1-/&%("'$$)!())$1)()
&($)$)*)&%()!()+$'(/&%'#)))%)$($&)($'$')*!%())1')0%'20!)&'()!')(1)!())$1)().!)%",&')
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
47/112
A
(+(!'$%0'&)=)('&'&)($+()%'&'/&$0'0(!$%(1$()(( &). ( '$"( - %)'$ %!'$'. )!)% ( )% $!( '&)!0 ) $1)() ('&% %,& ('0#$) (' (' ($ %!. )%, )#&))((%)$)!)(&).(-(%'*)/&,*!$0/&%("'$'&)!)(&)1$2()0'!)*(*'$*!(')$()'$!$#)()%)()*)&)(.%0!())=(
!())$1)()-('&%%,&)=0(%%)!'$!)(&))#&').(1('$)1'&0+))(-/&(+)$)'(#
4.4.2 Condiii pentru ca privarea de libertate s fie licit
) %) +(!'$%0)!'$ $($1)() +"%0($!)(&)&'!() +'&)!(1$'. (+)$ /&%, (%)( )) '%)!1$ ) $*0 )() &)(*!'&) % %() )1') )($"() %'*'$( !)&' %( !()( )$1)() ( '&) !)(&) 0 +) %&)(0 $%0B %&+*()( *0' %')!'$&)&-1$2(()(%(*0'(&)&00)/&%)/&'&'$&)%("'$)!)0"')/&&))@*)=(*&(!),&%)$)'0%
00 2.+#+.,!'%.*.")
&)(*!'&)%(*0'(('0#$!&%()!)(&0))!(0)$1)()0+)$'(0/&%&+*()%'&*)$)$)2($)&)&)F&%'()='$' %() 1)-) /& ((&( +(&%)"0 ) H)$& $) ) $N2($)I. ( /& %)()&2$)"0 ) H& (%%(&%) O: ( !%)') !)%1) 19 $(OI ')( (!)%"(+(!'$%0(%)((%)!)'!'&)&'&'*(1$2(#(('$')()!)%(&*)$)!%)'($).%-&*)$))+&'#.'&)())+)0/&!&%!($$($)2$(#(&(#&($0-)&'$2(#()()!)%(()!"#$)&*()-!%)'($).(*!'&)./&(%)$(-*!.%&+*()((%)(%'%!'$(%$'$'
:( (%0 %*!))( )( )+%( %&+*()(*0' %')!'$ &)&(!(#&)/&!*'$,&('0#$&(#&($).')(!()'-0)=)%)'&(&'*)%&$!)&'()+%((%0)!'$&)&(+)!)%(-(%0(%)())/&%&+*()%')='$&)).&%$'%'!&%!$)2)&)($))&'() - *!$%()) %0) (%)(& '*0('*(). ! &())'!)&). )1') %()!'$ &)& (!$%( /& !)#0 0 +) /& %&+*() %'&)()!'$/&%/&(*!'&)))('!0%()%)*0'0%()%&'%) $( !()( ) $1)() ( '&) !)(&) )1') 0 )*(&) ) $( ('()%($+%(0.0+))=)%'())(+)$)('()-0&')$))'&%((%) (1(' *( 2(() %&( (1('$' )) (%))( %( $)2)(&(#&($0 %() !)*) !()( ) $1)() 0 +) '+%)& ) (%%)1$0 -!)%0 !)&' (!)*) %0)!)(&) 0 (&%!)")%&)%)$) +(!)$($)
'-. %*)&( 3'!')) (' 1)( %0 *(3( ) (!)%)) /&&)!)()()!'$'&)&!)%()')($(0('0#$&(#&($)))*'$*($(20)%,/&($)*()(%0.!))=)*!$'./&%))(%)!)-)%$('"($*(0&(>('45.')(()+()'0/&(&($"()(2(($ $)2($) &)&). %' !) $( ( ( /&,*!$( ( %( &((
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
48/112
>
)'!)(&00%)&"')")$)2&)&).!)+),&)*'$)0-+'&(*)&)"))%"(!)($)%&))&)
00 2.+#+.+-+!-#*!'%.*/'+%!
'( %) *!'0 ()$ )) %( *0'( !(0 ) $1)() 0 )
/&%) /&'& & %)$) -() %("' )&'*)() /& ( %)(0 $0 ))$*(0.()=%)!#$)!)%()$)%'!&)'&)%0&)!)()
4.4.3 Drepturile persoanei deinute sau arestate
00 '"#,!!,$#.#+'#$!%"#+.!!
:0,(&)))%7$(&(.)(%))!1)&)+%("0&'&'*(!)(&(()(0.%%)!)(&0!(0)$1)()&+*()(!)(&))1') 0 ")") (, *)$) ) )! ($) (%))(. %, - !) %)$) ) +(!&+*()(!)(&))1')+0%'0)/&(0-/&$*10!)%()(%)((/)$)2)
00 '"#,!'*#!$#)!+#
7%)!)(&0()(0!))&())!'$)(+'0.('*(.-*)(/&+("('&'*(2(%()0)+%)$)2($()()0($)%)(01$2(#)&' !)0 ('&% %,& ()()( )) !'0 %:( ) %0)*(2( &*(2()/)$)2)%)!)(&0%'(1'#3'%()%()))&)!)&)&0+(#0))=)%'-+(#0)!0#)!'$%($)2($()(()00+))+%(0)%0)'&*(2((!(#&)(!)(&)$()()!))&)*)&'$/&%() ('$ () (%)(0 &' )) 1)% ))*&(. /&0 ) !& *( *'$):0,(%%0'&)*)&)"$)))!)($'&2
00 '"#,!-3$*#(!"!"!(#
/&($&($((2((&()!'$%0)!)(&)()(0!))&)( +3')%(0 /&)'&)*)&)"&(1$)*!0 +) $1)(0 /&%''$!%)' %) )! )1') & ) %)$ %)( !& ( ?. )!'$ $( 3')%(0 /&'& &)($ )"&(1$ ) *!. !& +(!'$ %0. /& (! )!)(&)$) ()() !))&. &)%)()( 3')%0 %' %)$)() )1'))!)%(0 *'$ *( % )$) '!0 %() ) (!)%("0 )"&(1$()()*)&'$''&(%)$)(-%(-/&(!))!'$2((&(!&(?
000 '"+##+.!!
7%)!)(&0!(0)$1)().&+))&)*.())!'$.!(M0%&))$)2($()!'&()(()0/&+(#('&'1'&($%))!)))1)-))%)$%)(!&M($(!&+(!'$%0)$)=0/&(!) %) !)(&0 !(0 ) $1)(). &' ( /& (! ) %) ()(#!))&.!& +(!'$ %0 ) )($")("0 $( %))). - &' )1') +0%'('*(.!)%'* - !& +(!'$ %0 $)2($()( ))) )1') )+%(0 ) %0) '&1'&($./&'*('&)!%)'3'%().-&')%0)'&*(2(
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
49/112
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
50/112
5
4 '!"'#"
5.1 Dreptul la un proces echitabil
5.1.1 Introducere
#'&)()H!%))%:(1$I))'&((!(!)*!1$))+&(0%$!)%($)/&%()((!0'/&)%&(&)$))!'$-$1)0#$+'&(*)&($)/&)*)$)3'%)%&)*!(&)$'#(!)%()('%'&%'2(($)!%)'($)(+*(/&,!)(&()$1(&%)-(*)%(&)!)&' %(. *( (!. ')( - *( )'!)(&0 ( )!'$ *'$' 0(('2)(!)%)&$(%)$)%'&%')(&)
F& $!( '&) !1$) )+. '&)( ) H!%) )%:(1$I )) +)%)&'$"(0 ) 2(&)$) 3'!')($) ) $( (1'2 !)&' ( ))*&((&(*1$'$ 2(($ +)) 3'#(1$$ !& ( ? ($ &)). )=!)(",& (&(*1$'$ 2(($ !%)'($) %() !)* !'&))( /& ($()()!'$!)3()!&&)) *!(( (%) )2'$ )!%)'0&')1')'1)*(0)()%)&'))'+%)&()&'*)((&'*))!''1(($) !)3() (-( %'* +(% *( *'$) %&) - (()&)&(#&($).%)1')20)-*)%(&*)$))!%)'0!&%()(%))(0 +) (!0() ')( ))!))!$& %&-)&0 ) (%)(( (+*,& %0 !&!)3()( )!'$' $( '& !%) )%:(1$. ( ? & &)) ")("0!)%#(!&%!'$'!))*&)))!'$'.&$'1$$)2()'&$))%)())*%(%0-())!
(%%( )$)0 $'$ %)&($ !) %() /$ 3(%0 ( ? /& %('$ )*'$'
&))B )) 1( )!) !"#( %)( *( +)%)& &%(0 /& +(#(2(&)$&))-.!1(1$./&+(#(&()$&(#&($)F&(%)%&)=.')((*) %0'&)()!%))%:(1$ ( %'&%' /& 3'!')(('&( &) %)$)*( )*(%(1$) )$'#.*(%(0 /&!&%!($ ) *!(((%(0(!())-))&1$()(
)='$(?&&))!)))%0B
.
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
51/112
4
4
-
8/3/2019 Dr Protectia Drepturilor Omului(2)
52/112
%((%) %$ %() '& )%'&%'). %)$ !'#& /& *(&)0 2)&)($0. /&)!'$ &)& ($('$'"(./&'%, ( ?&'2((&)("0)=)( (%))!'
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
+)$. /& )). /& %: '#. !)&' %($+%()( '&) )! %( +& %$&2''$ $'%'%()%&)("0))%((%)( 0(10'&%((%) %$/&)!'$&)& (' 0 (10 '& %((%) !(*&($ !) )=)*!$'. &(('!(&(#&($0. (&($",& &('( )!'$' $( !)&) ) &am