Download - 1regnulmonera_procariote_
![Page 1: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MEDIUL DE VIATA
• Sol,
Apa,
Aer,
Corpul plantelor, animalelor si al omului
![Page 4: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MODUL DE VIATA
Procariotele sunt solitare, mai rar coloniale
![Page 5: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CLASIFICAREA PROCARIOTELOR ARHEBACTERII (bacteriile
metanogene )BACTERII EUBACTERIILE (bacteriile
propriu-zise ) - bacilul fanului - bacilul tetanic - bacilul tuberculozei - bacteriile fixatoare de azot, etc.
• ALGELE ALBASTRE-VERZI ( cianobacteriile ) - cleiul pamantului - Oscillatoria
![Page 6: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Tipuri de bacterii
![Page 7: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Caracterele generale ale eubacteriilor
Materialul genetic = o molecula de ANDRibozomii = rol in sinteza proteinelorPeretele celular = forma specifica
bacteriilorFlagelii = rol in miscareCilii = rol in miscarePilii = filamente lungi – rol in
reproducerea sexuataPigmentii asimilatori = rol in fotosinteza
la bacteriile fotosintetizante
![Page 8: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
NUTRITIA
FOTOSINTEZA lumina sursa de E
Autotrofa - produc s. organice CHEMOSINTEZA- E
chimica SAPROFITA- organisme
moarte• Heterotrofa - iau s. organice din: PARAZITA-organisme vii
![Page 9: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
RESPIRATIA
AEROBA ( in prezenta oxigenului ) - Bacillus subtilis ( bacilul
fanului ) - Lactobacillus lactis ( bacilul
lactic )
• ANAEROBA ( fata oxigen ) - Clostridium botulinum
( bacteria botulinica )
![Page 10: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Alcatuirea celulei bacteriene
Perete celularMembrana plasmaticaCapsula gelatinoasaCitoplasmaPiliFlageliPigmenti asimilatori – la bacteriile fotosintetizanteNucleoid
![Page 11: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
FORMA BACTERIILOR
coci spirili vibrioni
Forma de bastonas
Forma de sfera
Forma de spirala
Forma de virgula
![Page 12: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
REPRODUCEREA Asexuata , amitotica, prin diviziune
directa si foarte rar sexuataIn conditiile nefavorabile, formeaza spori
de rezistenta
![Page 13: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CIANOBACTERIILE - algele albastre – verzi -
Organisme unicelulare, reunite in colonii sferice sau filamentoase
Traiesc in apele dulci si marine, bogate in materie organica
Nutritie autotrofaFixeaza azotul atmosfericSe reproduc prin amitoza sau vegetativ,
prin HETEROCISTI ( celule cu peretii ingrosati de culoare galbuie )
![Page 14: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Cleiul pamantului- colonie -
Oscillatoriaheterocist
![Page 15: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
IMPORTANTA PROCARIOTELORCianobacteriile mentin constanta concentratia in oxigen a
atmosferei,asigura compusii cu azot necesari plantelor, prin fixarea azotului atmosferic.
Majoritatea speciilor de alge albastre- verzi,sunt pe cale de disparitie datorita actiunii radiatiilor UV.
Procariotele asigura reciclarea C.N,P si a altor elemente chimice
Bacteriile patogene – boli: TUBERCULOZA,GONOREEA,CIUMA,PNEUMONIA,SIFILISUL
Escherichia coli ( bacteria) – sinteza de VITAMINE,ENZIME,MEDICAMENTE
Bacteriile metanogene,cutrata apele reziduale si descompun plantele si animalele moarte GAZ METAN
Bacteriile fixatoare de azot imbogatesc solurile in azot prin absorbtia lui direct din atmosfera
![Page 16: 1regnulmonera_procariote_](https://reader030.vdocumente.com/reader030/viewer/2022032701/563db969550346aa9a9d15f0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
BACTERIILE FIXATOARE DE AZOT
PLANTA LEGUMINOA
SA
NODOZITATI
BACTERII FIXATOARE DE AZOT