Download - 02. Grammar Content-Exercises
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TIMPURILE LIMBII ENGLEZE
1. The Present Tense(Timpul Prezent)
A.The Present Simple Tense:I. NTREBUINARE:
1. Pentru a descrie o aciune care se repet n mod regulat:Pupils go to school every day. = Elevii merg la coaln fiecare zi.Do you read every day? = Citeti zilnic?
2. Pentru a exprima un obicei:Tom sleeps a lot. = Tom doarme mult.She doesn't smoke. = Ea nu fumeaz.
3. Pentru a exprima un adevr general, de exemplu o lege a fizicii:Water freezes at 0 degrees. = Apa ngheala 0 grade.
The Earth spins around the Sun. = Pmntul se nvrte n jurul soarelui.
4. Pentru a reda o succesiune de evenimente scurte:He unlocks the door, comes in and takes off his shoes near the door. = El descuie ua, intri se descallngu.
5. Pentru a exprima o aciune programat n viitor, n special atunci cnd se specific momentulproducerii ei:The plane leaves at four o'clock. = Avionul pleacla ora patru.We go to the cinema tonight. = Mergem la cinema disear.
6. Cu anumite verbe:
- verbecare exprim un sentiment (love, hate, prefer, like, dislike...); ex: I like dogs. = Imi plac cinii.- verbe care nu presupun noiunea de durat ( seem, want, belong, know, mean, wish)Ex: You know him. = Tu l cunoti pe el.
- verbe care redau cuvintele cuiva ( say, tell, ask, answer); ex: What does she mean? = Ce vrea ea sspuna?
II. FORMARE
1. Forma afirmativ: Subiect + VerbI write = Eu scriuYou write =Tu scriiWe write = Noi scriem
They write = Voi scrieiHe writes = El scrieShe writes - (la persoana a III-a singular se adaugterminaias)
Verbele terminate in -s, -ch, -sh, adauges: watch she watches ; Y (precedat de consoan) se transform in ie+s: study he studies
2. Forma interogativ: Do / Does (pers. a III-a sg.) + Subiect + Verb ?Do I write? = Scriu eu?Do you write?
Doeshe write? = Scrie el?
Does she write? - (verbul nu mai are terminaias; Numai auxiliarul se conjug!)Do we write?Do you write?Do they write?
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3. Forma negativ: Subiect + do not(don't) /does not(doesn't-pentru pers. a III-a sg) +Verb
I do not (don't) write = Eu nu scriuYou don't writeHedoesn'twrite = El nu scrieShe does not (doesn't) write - (verbul nu mai are terminaias; Numai auxiliarul se conjug!)We don't write
You don't writeThey don't write
EXERCISES:
1. Write the he/she/it form of these verbs (terminaia persoanei a III-a singular):1 read - reads = citete 7 push - =2 repair - = 8 do - =3 watch - = 9 think - =
4 listen - = 10 kiss - =5 carry - = 11 buy - =6 have - = 12 go - =
2. Complete the sentences. Use the correct form of these verbs and translate into Romanian.Verbs: boil-close-cost-cost-go-have-like-meet-open-smoke-speak-teach-wash
1. Shes very clever. She speaks four foreign languages. = Ea este foarte inteligent. Ea vorbete 4 limbi strine.
2. Steve _________ ten cigarettes a day. =
3. We usually _______ dinner at 7 oclock. =
4. I _________ films. I often _______ to the cinema. =
5. Water ________ at 100 degrees Celsius. =
6. In Britain the banks __________ at 9:30 in the morning. =
7. The City Museum __________ at 5 oclock every evening. =
8. Food is expensive. It __________ a lot of money. =
9. Shoes are expensive. They _________ a lot of money. =
10. Tina is a teacher. She __________ mathematics to young children. =11. Your job is very interesting. You ___________ a lot of people. =
12. Peter _________ his hair twice a week. =
3. Write the negative form and translate into Romanian:1. I play the piano very well. I dont play the piano very well. = Eu nu cnt foarte bine la pian.
2. Jack plays the piano very well. Jack _______ play the piano very well. =
3. You know the answer. You ............
4. She works very hard. - ..
5. They do the same thing every day. -
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4. Write the opposite (positive or negative) and translate into Romanian:1. I understand. I dont understand. = Eu nu neleg.
2. He doesnt smoke. He smokes. = El fumeaz.
3. They know. They . =
4. She loves him. - = .5. They speak English. -
6. I dont want it. - .
7. She doesnt want them. - ..
8. He lives in Rome. -
5. Complete the sentences. All of them are negative. Use: dont/doesnt + one of these verbs; translatethe sentences into Romanian.
Verbs: cost-drive-go-know-play-see-sell-smoke-wash-wear
1. Have a cigarette! No, thank you. I dont smoke. = Servete oigar! Nu mulumesc. Nu fumez.
2. They _______________ newspapers in that shop. =
3. She has a car, but she ___________________ very often. =
4. I like films but I _____________ to the cinema very often. =
5. He smells because he _________________ very often. =
6. Its a cheap hotel. It _________________ much to stay here. =
7. He likes football but he ____________________ very often. =8. I ________________ much about politics. =
9. She is married but she __________________ a ring. =
10. He lives near our house but we _________________ him very often. =
6. You are asking somebody questions. Write questions with Do/Does? and translate into Romanian:1. I work hard. And you? Do you workhard? = Eu muncesc din greu. i tu? Tu munceti din greu?
2. I play tennis. And your brother? Does he play tennis? = Eu joc tennis. i fratele tu? Joacel tennis?
3. I play the violin. And Ana? _________________________? =
4. I know the answer. And your friends? ________________________? =
5. I like hot water. And you? ____________________________ =
6. I smoke. And your father? __________________________________ =
7. I do exercises every morning. And them? _________________________________ =
8. I speak English. And your sister? _______________________________ =
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7. These questions begin with Where/What/How? Translate into Romanian:1. I wash my hair twice a week (how often/you?)How oftendo you wash your hair?
= Eu mspl pe cap de 2 ori pe sptmn. Ct de des te speli pe cap ?
2. I live in London. (where/you?) ________________________________________ ?
=
3. He watches TV every day (how often/he?) _____________________________________________ ?
=
4. We have lunch at home. (where/you?) __________________________________________________ ?
=
5. They get up at 7:30. (what time/you?) __________________________________________ ?
=
6. She goes to the cinema a lot. (how often/she?) __________________________________________ ?
=
7. He goes to work by bus. (how/he?) ____________________________________________ ?
=
8. Use the verbs in the list to make questions. Use the words in brackets; translate into Romanian.Verbs: cost-do-do-go-have-like-play-rain-smoke-speak
1. (he) Does he often play volleyball? Yes, hes a very good player.
= El joacvolei deseori? Da, el este un foarte bun juctor.
2. (you) Excuse me, _______________________ English ? Yes, a little.
=
3. (you) What ___________________ ? Im a secretary.
=
4. (your sister) What _____________________________ ? She works in a shop.
=
5. (she) _____________________________ ? Yes, 20 cigarettes a day.
=
6. (it) How often ______________________ in summer ? Not often. Its usually dry.
=
7. (you) ______________________ dancing ? Yes, I love it.
=
8. (they) What time ___________ usually _____ to bed ? 10 oclock.
=
9. (you) What ____________ usually _______ for breakfast ? Toast and coffee.
=10. (it) How much _____________________ to stay at this hotel ? 30 euros a night.
=
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9. Write positive or negative short answers (Yes, he does / No, I dont etc.).1. Do you smoke? No I dont.2. Do you live in a big city? _________________3. Do you drink a lot of coffee? ___________________4. Does your mother speak English? ___________________5. Do you play a musical instrument? ________________________6. Does it rain a lot where you live? ____________________10.Translate the sentences into English and then turn them into the negative and interrogative forms:1. Noi ne scriem tema n fiecare zi. = We write our homework every day.interrogative: Do we write our homework every day?
negative: We dont write our homework every day.
2. De obicei, ea merge la coal la ora 8. =interrogative:
negative:
3. Ei noat adesea n lacul acela. =interrogative:
negative:
4. Tu ntotdeauna zmbeti. =interrogative:
negative:
5. Helen se uit la film n fiecare sear. =interrogative:
negative:
6. Copiii se joac cu mingea n fiecare diminea. =interrogative:
negative:
7. Eu citesc de obicei dup-masa. =interrogative:
negative:
8. Alex vorbete ntotdeauna cu mine. =interrogative:
negative:
9. Chris lipsete des de la ore. =interrogative:
negative:
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10.Noi avem o main mare i el are o biciclet nou. =interrogative:
negative:
11. Elevul spune poezia i cnt un cntec frumos. =interrogative:
negative:
12.Voi mncai de obicei la acest restaurant. =interrogative:
negative:
13.Biatul deseneaz deseori pe caietul lui. =interrogative:
negative:
14.Eu locuiesc n casa aceea. =interrogative:
negative:
15.Tata conduce maina aceasta. =interrogative:
negative:
16.Uneori, eu cltoresc cu avionul. =interrogative:
negative:
17.Mama ede ntotdeauna pe acest fotoliu. =interrogative:
negative:
18.Fetele acelea fac de obicei mult zgomot. =interrogative:
negative:
19.Eu fac jogging n fiecare zi. =interrogative:
negative:
20.De obicei el se trezete foarte devreme dimineaa. =interrogative:
negative:
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B.The Present Continuous Tense:I. NTREBUINARE:
1. Pentru a descrie o aciune in curs de desfurare n momentul vorbirii; n acest caz, este insoit adeseade o indicaie temporal, cum ar fi: now, at the moment.Look! He's washing his car. = Privete! El i spalmaina.What are you doing there? = Ce faci acolo?
2. Pentru a descrie poziiile corpului:She's standing. = Ea stn picioare.He's leaning against a wall. = El stsprijinit de un perete.
3. Cnd e vorba de o actiune viitoare, prevzut sau programat:They're buying a new house in May. = Ei i cumpro casnoun luna mai.What are you doing next Monday? = Ce faci lunea viitoare?
4. Cnd e vorba de ceva care s-ar putea produce n orice moment:He looks funny when he's playing his trumpet. = Aratcomic atunci cnd cntla trompet.
5. Impreun cu always, pentru a exprima iritarea sau dezaprobarea:She's always coming in when we talk something important. = ntotdeauna trebuie s intre n camer fix cnd vorbim noilucruri importante.
II. FORMARE
1. Forma afirmativ: Subiect + aux. TO BE (la prezent) + VB-ingI'm running = Eu alerg
You're runningHe's runningWe're runningThey're running
2. La forma interogativ se inverseaz ordinea dintre subiect i aux. TO BE:Am I running? = alerg eu?Are you running?Is he running?Is she running?Are we running?
Are you running?Are they running?
3. La forma negativ cuvntul notprecedat de auxiliar apare de cele mai multe ori n forma sacontras (dar niciodata dupa am):I' m not running = Eu nu alergYou aren't runningHe isn't runningShe isn't runningWe aren't runningYou aren't running
They aren't running
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EXERCISES:
1. Punei verbele din paranteze la timpul Prezentul Continuu; Traducei n limba romn:
Exemplu:Diana (play) with Tim now.- Diana is playing with Tim now. = Diana se joaccu Tim acum.
1. Everybody (wear) blue T-shirts today.-
2. I (listen) to classical music at this moment.
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3. What (do) mother in the kitchen?
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4. We (organize) a study trip this week.
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5. Our colleagues (plan) a surprise party for John's birthday these days.
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6. I (meet) with my best friend at the cinema tonight.
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7. My father (work) in the garage now.
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8. This week, you (go) to the theatre with your geography teacher.
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9. At this moment, in Bucharest, it (rain).
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10. My friends (travel) to Egypt this week.
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2. Corectai afirmaiile false ca n exemplul urmtor:
Exemplu:Jim is playing basketball. (watch TV)- No, Jim is not playing basketball. Jim is watching TV.
1. Mother is cooking at this moment. (iron)-
2. My brother is learning English now. (study French)
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3. All my colleagues are working hard for their final exams these days. (plan their holiday)
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4. The cat is climbing the tree now. (eat a mouse)
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5. I am taking some photos for my album. (read a book)
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6. You are drinking Coke Cola now. (drink a coffee)
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7. Joanna is swimming in the pool. (play volleyball on the beach)
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8. I am making an apple-pie now. (do my homework)
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9. It is raining today. (snow)
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10. We are riding by bicycle to school. (go by bus)
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3. Scriei forma interogativ a urmtoarelor propoziii:
Exemplu:I am having lunch at this moment.- Am I having lunch at this moment?
1. We are playing cards.
-
2. Mother is washing dishes.
-3. My brother is reading a newspaper.
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4. We are serving breakfast.
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5. They are decorating the Christmas tree.
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6. My family is planning a trip to Maldive Islands these days.
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7. Father is sleeping in the bedroom.
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8. You are watching a horror movie.
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9. Your sister is doing her homework.
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10. I am sending a postcard in France now.
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4. Alegei verbul corect; folosii Prezentul Continuu:
1. We ........................................... basketball in the schoolyard. a) play; b) prepare; c) ski
2. They ......................................... a movie in the dining-room. a) watch; b) play; c) eat
3. My friends and I ........................................... some flowers in the garden. a) read; b) water; c) travel
4. I ............................................. my homework at math. a) do; b) make; c) give
5. You ......................................... a novel to your little brother. a) read; b) create; c) put
6. The poet .................................. a poem about love at this moment. a) create; b) give; c) look
7. I ............................................... after my lost cat. a) look; b) search; c) spend
8. ........ we ............... to the cinema tonight? a) go; b) watch; c) eat
9. The sun ..................................... brightly. a) show; b) shine; c) rain
10. My friends .................................. on a picnic without me. a) go; b) play; c) read
5. Corectai forma greit a verbului; Traducei n limba romn:
Exemplu:I am makeing an apple-pie.Correct: I am making an apple-pie. = Pregtesc o plcintcu mere.
1. Mary is comeing from Italy today.Correct:
2. We are siting in the living-room.
Correct:
3. He is geting off the bus at the first station.
Correct:
4. My brother isn't writeing poems.
Correct:
5. You aren't plaing with kids.
Correct:
6. They are leaveing Bucharest tomorrow evening.
Correct:
7. He is comeing tonight to see me.
Correct:
8. She is haveing lunch at this moment.
Correct:
9. Are you flyng to New York next week?
Correct:
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6. Translate the sentences into English and then turn them into the negative and interrogative forms:
Exemplu :
Tu te uii la acoperiul casei. = You are looking at the roof of the house.
interrogative: Are you looking at the roof of the house?
negative: You arent looking at the roof of the house.
1. Elevul deseneaz pe coperta crii. =
interrogative:
negative:
2. Noi citim aceast carte. =
interrogative:
negative:
3. Ea prsete oraul Sibiu. =
interrogative:
negative:
4. Tom conduce o main mare i alb. =
interrogative:
negative:
5. Voi cumprai 13 prjituri. =
interrogative:
negative:
6. Bieii ed la masi fetele beau lapte. =
interrogative:
negative:
7. Elevul spune o poezie. =
interrogative:
negative:8. Biatul ia penarul de pe pat. =
interrogative:
negative:
9. Avionul aterizeaz n acest moment. =
interrogative:
negative:
10. Mama mea pltete pentru pantofii acetia. =interrogative:
negative:
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11. Ei se uit la tine. =
interrogative:
negative:
12. Tu citeti ziarul i copiii se joac n grdin. =
interrogative:
negative:
13. Profesorul scrie 12 cuvinte pe tabl. =
interrogative:
negative:
14. Eu ncerc s vorbesc cu unchiul meu la telefon. =
interrogative:
negative:
15. Fetele noat n piscin. =
interrogative:
negative:
16. Bunicii mei pescuiesc. =
interrogative:
negative:
17. Soul ei lucreaz acum. =
interrogative:
negative:
18. Fiicele noastre nva pentru examen. =
interrogative:
negative:
19. Oaspeii notri servesc cina n acest moment. =
interrogative:
negative:
20. Soldaii se pregtesc pentru parada militar. =interrogative:
negative:
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2. The Past Tense(Timpul Trecut)
A.Past Tense Simple:I. NTREBUINARE:
1. Pentru a descrie activiti terminate care s-au petrecut n trecut:She was in France 2 years ago. = Ea a fost n Frana acum 2 ani.We bought a new washing machine 2 weeks ago. = Noi am cumprat o mainde splat acum 2 sptmni.
2. Pentru a exprima aciuni ncheiate care s-au petrecut la un moment determinat n trecut :They were in England in 1981. = Ei au fost n Anglia n 1981.I left Bucharest in April 1994. = Am plecat din Bucureti in aprilie 1994.
II. EXPRESII cu care se folosete adesea Trecutul Simplu:yesterday, at this time yesterday, 2 days ago, 2 months ago,last year, last week, the day before yesterday
Diana went in Belgium 3 years ago. = Diana a mers n Belgia acum 3 ani.I was having lunch at this time yesterday. = Ieri pe vreme asta luam prnzul.They played football 2 hours ago. = Ei s-au jucat fotbal acum 2 ore.
Paul taught English and French 3 months ago. =Paul a predat engleza i franceza acum 3 luni.She left town the day before yesterday. = Ea a prsit oraul alaltieri.
III. FORMARE1. Forma afirmativ: Subiect + Vb.formaII (sau terminatia "-ed" pentru verbele regulate)I wrote a book last year. = Am scris o carte anul trecut.He went to a football game last week. = El a mers la un meci de fotbal sptmna trecut.We played in the park yesterday. = Noi ne-am jucat n parc ieri.
2. Forma interogativ : Did + Subiect + Vb.forma I ?Did you write a book last year? = Ai scris o carte anul trecut?
Did he go to a football game last week? = A mers el la un meci de fotbal sptmna trecut?Did you play in the park yesterday? = V-ai jucat n parc ieri ?
3. Forma negativ: Subiect + didn't + Vb.forma I .I didn't write a book last year. = Eu n-am scris o carte anul trecut.He didn't go to a football game last week. = El n-a mers la un meci de fotbal sptmna trecut.We didn't play in the park yesterday. = Noi nu ne-am jucat n parc ieri.
a) VERBE NEREGULATE IRREGULAR VERBS
Infinitiv Trecut Participiu trecut Traducereto awake awoke awoke a se trezi
to be was, were been a fi
to bear bore born a se nate
to beat beat beaten a bate
to become became become a deveni
to begin began begun a ncepe
to bet bet bet a paria
to bid bade bidden a oferi, a licitato bleed bled bled a sngera
to blow blew blown a sufla
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to break broke broken a sparge
to bring brought brought a aduce
to burn burnt (burned) burnt (burned) a arde
to buy bought bought a cumpra
to can could been able to a putea, a fi posibil
to catch caught caught a prinde
to choose chose chosen a alege
to come came come a veni
to cost cost cost a costa
to cut cut cut a tia
to deal dealt dealt a se ocupa, a trata afaceri
to do did done a face
to dream dreamt (dreamed) dreamt (dreamed) a visa
to drink drank drunk a bea
to drive drove driven a conduce maina
to eat ate eaten a mncato fall fell fallen a cadea
to feed fed fed a hrni
to feel felt felt a simi
to fight fought fought a lupta
to find found found a gsi
to fly flew flown a zbura
to forbid forbade forbidden a interzice
to forget forgot forgotten a uita
to forgive forgave forgiven a ierta
to get got got a primi
to give gave given a da
to go went gone a merge
to grow grew grown a crete
to have had had a avea
to hear heard heard a auzi
to hide hid hidden a ascunde
to hit hit hit a lovi
to hold held held a ine
to hurt hurt hurt a rni
to keep kept kept a pstra
to know knew known a ti, a cunoate
to lay laid laid a aeza
to lead led led a conduce
to learn learnt (learned) learnt (learned) a nva
to leave left left a lsa, a prsi
to lend lent lent a mprumuta (cuiva)to let let let a permite
to lie lay lain a fi culcat
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to lose lost lost a pierde
to make made made a face
to mean meant meant a nsemna
to meet met met a ntlni
to pay paid paid a plti
to put put put a pune
to read read read a citi
to ring rang rung a suna
to rise rose risen a se ridica
to run ran run a alerga
to say said said a spune
to see saw seen a vedea
to seek sought sought a cuta
to sell sold sold a vinde
to send sent sent a trimite
to set set set a fixa, a reglato shake shook shaken a scutura, a cltina
to shave shaved shaven a se brbieri
to show showed shown a arta
to shut shut shut a nchide
to sing sang sung a cnta
to sit sat sat a sta (pe scaun)
to sleep slept slept a dormi
to smell smelt (smelled) smelt (smelled) a mirosi
to speak spoke spoken a vorbi
to spend spent spent a petrece, a cheltui
to stand stood stood a sta n picioare
to steal stole stolen a fura
to swim swam swum a nota
to take took taken a lua
to teach taught taught a nva, a preda
to tell told told a spune
to think thought thought a gndi, a crede
to throw threw thrown a arunca
to understand understood understood a nelege
to wake woke woken a se trezi
to wear wore worn a purta
to win won won a ctiga
to write wrote written a scrie
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EXERCISES:
1. Scriei forma corect a verbului din parantez la Trecutul Simplu ; Traducei n limba romn:
1. I (watch) a horror movie yesterday evening.
- I watched a horror movie yesterday evening. = M-am uitat la un film de groazieri sear.
2. Mary (play) in the garden with her dog yesterday morning.
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3. Two days ago, John (go) with his mother at the doctor.
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4. Mary (talk) a lot during the French lesson.
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5. My mother (wash) many clothes yesterday evening.
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6. I (do not enjoy) the movie last night.-
7. I (solve) the Math problem very quickly.
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8. I (prepare) my luggage yesterday.
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9. I (be) at school when you called me.
-10. When you were young, you (live) in the countryside.
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2. Folosii cuvintele din paranteze pentru a realiza propoziii negative precum n exemplu:
Exemplu:Mary liked the apple pie. (the soup)- Mary liked the apple pie, but she didn't like the soup.
1. I played in the schoolyard. (in the garden)
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2. My friend went to the mountain. (to the seaside)
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3. I travelled abroad 2 days ago. (1 month ago)
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4. Yesterday I visited Mr. Peterson. (Mrs. Smith)
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5. During lunch, I listened to a football game on the radio. (music)
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6. You called me at 10 o'clock a.m. (12 o'clock)
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7. I arrived at home early in the morning. (in the afternoon)
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8. You received a computer on your birthday. (a car)
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9. It rained 2 days ago. (last week)
-10. Mike repaired his car. (bicycle)-
3. Trecei la Trecutul Simplu verbele neregulate de mai jos, precum n exemplu;
Exemplu:
I leave school at 2 o'clock yesterday.- I left school at 2 o'clock yesterday.
1. I eat a delicious soup at the restaurant 2 days ago.
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2. My family buy a new car 3 months ago.
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3. I read a very interesting novel yesterday evening.
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4. Mary speak with her English teacher last week, about her exams.
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5. Last Monday, John write to his mother a letter.
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6. Last winter, I make a beautiful snowman in front of the house.
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7. You give your sister a necklace for her birthday.
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8. Last year, Tim become a doctor.
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9. Mrs. Thompson teach Spanish and English every Monday and Wednesday.
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10. Father come from the office late at noon.
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4. Trecei urmtoarele verbe la Trecutul Simplu:
Exemplu:I see - I sawI watch - I watched
1. I sleep - 6. He doesn't feel -2. He plays - 7. I meet -
3. He run - 8. He catches -4. You speak - 9. You wake up -5. They don't read - 10. They leave -
5. Raspundei la urmtoarele ntrebri conform precizrilor din paranteze (vezi exemplu)Traducei n limba romn:
Exemplu:
When did she leave Bucharest? (2 years ago)
- She left Bucharest 2 years ago. = Ea a plecat din Bucureti acum 2 ani.
1. Where did you sleep last night? (at Cathy's)
-
2. When did you read this book? (3 weeks ago)
-
3. When did you find out about Susan's problems? (last Monday)
-
4. Where did you meet your friends? (in the park)
-
5. When did she study French (2 years ago)
-
6. Where did he work last year (in a bank)
-
7. When did they divorce? (4 years ago)
-
8. How did she die? (in a train accident)
-
9. Who was Mihai Eminescu? (a great Romanian poet)
-
10. When was he born? (in 1973)
-
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6. Translate the sentences into English and then turn them into the negative and interrogative forms:
Exemplu :
El a devenit un bun doctor. = He became a good doctor.
interrogative: Did he become a good doctor?
negative: He didntbecome a good doctor.
1. Tu ai nceput sa scrii. =
interrogative:
negative:
2. Eu am adus aici o cutie cu fructe ieri. =
interrogative:
negative:
3. Ea a cumprat prea mult mncare. =
interrogative:
negative:
4. Noi am prins civa peti. =
interrogative:
negative:
5. Voi ai ales maina aceea. =
interrogative:negative:
6. Ele au venit acas trziu. =
interrogative:
negative:
7. Ei au tiat hrtia. =
interrogative:
negative:8. Eu am fcut cteva exerciii. =
interrogative:
negative:
9. Tu ai desenat flori. =
interrogative:
negative:
10. Televizorul a costat foarte mult. =
interrogative:
negative:
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11. Cinele a but toat apa. =
interrogative:
negative:
12. Am visat c eram toi la munte. =
interrogative:
negative:
13. Voi ai condus pn la Bucureti. =
interrogative:
negative:
14. Fiicele mele au mncat ieri numai dulciuri. =
interrogative:
negative:
15. Nepoii mei au czut peste gard. =
interrogative:
negative:
16. Noi am hrnit animalele n fiecare zi. =
interrogative:
negative:
17. Laura i-a gsit n sfrit geanta. =
interrogative:
negative:
18. Avionul a zburat 10 ore. =
interrogative:
negative:
19. Noi am uitat c trebuia s venim la ora 7. =
interrogative:
negative:
20. Doctorul a ncercat s salveze pacientul. =interrogative:
negative:
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B. Past Tense Continuous:
I. NTREBUINARE:1. Pentru a exprima o aciune n desfurare ce a avut loc n trecut :She was playing in her room at this time yesterday. = Ea se juca n camera ei pe vremea aceasta ieri.They were listening music at this time last Saturday. = Ei ascultau muzicsmbtla ora aceasta.
2. Pentru a exprima o aciune repetat de-a lungul unei perioade de timp :
Did she ask any questions? = A pus multe ntrebri?Oh, she was asking questions all the time. = Oh, ea punea ntrebri tot timpul.Did he buy any sweets? = A cumprat dulciuri?Oh, he was buying sweets all the time. = Oh, el cumpra dulciuri tot timpul.
II.EXPRESII cu care se folosete adesea Trecutul Continuu:at this time yesterday, from ... to ..., all day.
Tom was typing some letters at this time yesterday. = Tom scria nite scrisori pe vremea aceasta ieri.She was playing guitar from 6 to 8 o'clock. = Ea cnta la chitarde la ora 6 la 8.They were laughing all day. = Ei rdeau toatziua.
III. FORMARE:1. Forma afirmativ: Subiect + was (pers. I/III sg.) / were + Vb-ingI was learning a poem at this time yesterday. = nvam o poezie pe vremea aceasta ieri.You were watering the flowers at this time yesterday. = Tu udai florile pe vremea aceasta ieri.They were mending the radio at this time yesterday. = Ei reparau radio-ul pe vremea aceasta ieri.
2. Forma interogativ: Was (pers. I/III sg.) / were + Subiect + Vb-ing ?Was I learning a poem at this time yesterday? = nvaam eu poezie pe vremea aceasta ieri?Were you watering the flowers at this time yesterday? = Udai tu florile pe vremea aceasta ieri?Were they mending the radio at this time yesterday? = Reparau ei radio-ul pe vremea aceasta ieri?
3. Forma negativ: Subiect + wasnt (pers. I/III sg.) / werent + Vb-ingI wasn't learning a poem at this time yesterday. = Eu nu nvam o poezie pe vremea aceasta ieri.You weren't watering the flowers at this time yesterday. = Tu nu udai florile pe vremea aceasta ieri.They weren't mending the radio at this time yesterday. = Ei nu reparau radio-ul pe vremea aceasta ieri.
EXERCISES:1. Spune ce fcea fiecare pe vremea aceasta, marea trecuta:
Exemplu: Father was in the living-room. (watch) - Fatherwas watching TV.
1. My mother was in the kitchen. (cook) -2. Daniel was in the garden. (water flowers) -
3. Grandma was in the bedroom. (sleep) -
4. Their friends were at the disco. (dance) -
5. Aunt Mary and uncle John were in the garage. (repair car) -
2. Ieri diminea, toi elevii din clasa a asea erau n clas i se pregteau pentru testul de lamatematic. Spune ce fcea fiecare cnd a intrat profesorul. Traducei n limba romn:
Exemplu: Ana and Mary / clean the blackboard.- Ana and Mary were cleaning the blackboard. = Ana i Maria tergeau tabla.
1. Christian / talk to his desk mate. -
-
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2. Victor / repeat some geometry formulas.
-
3. Diana and Helen / look at some exercises.
-
4. George / read the math lesson.
-
5. Andreea / write her homework.
-
3. Trecei verbele la Trecutul Continuu:Exemplu: We are reading Shakespeare now. - We were reading Shakespeare at this time yesterday, too.
1. Father is fixing the car in the garage. -
2. Timothy is painting the wall now. -
3. Grandpa and Grandma are watching a movie now. -
4. Students are learning new Spanish words now. -
5. The boys are trying to fix a bicycle now. -
4. Trecei verbele din paranteze la Trecutul Continuu. Traducei n limba romn:Exemplu: She (sing) for 2 hours yesterday.- She was singing for 2 hours yesterday. = Ea cnta timp de 2 ore ieri.
1. Tom (practice) in the language lab from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. yesterday.
-
2. Mother (cook) all day yesterday.
-
3. My friends (watch) TV for 6 hours yesterday.
-
4. Pupils (study) Spanish from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m.
-
5. From 3 to 5 I (play) tennis yesterday afternoon.
-
5. Trecei verbele din paranteze la Trecutul Continuu. Aceste verbe exprim o aciune trecutcare a avut loc o perioad mai lunga de timp.Exemplu: I (work) in a restaurant in the centre of the city.- I was working in a restaurant in the centre of the city.
1. I (live) in an old building. -
2. Mother (visit) me twice a week. -
3. I (share) my room with 2 girls.
4. I (work) on Saturdays twice a month. -
5. I had a very good friend, Tom, and he (work) in the same restaurant with me.-
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6. Translate the sentences into English and then turn them into the negative and interrogative forms:
Exemplu :
Tu citeai mult cnd erai adolescent. = You were reading a lot when you were a teenager.
interrogative: Were you reading a lot when you were a teenager?
negative: You werent reading a lot when you were a teenager.
1. Noi ntotdeauna mergeam la culcare la ora 9. =
interrogative:
negative:
2. Mama cra multe bagaje ieri cand am ntlnit-o. =
interrogative:
negative:
3. Copilul era singuri plngea. =
interrogative:
negative:
4. Colegii mei pescuiau n fiecare vacan de var. =
interrogative:
negative:
5. Ei munceau n fiecare zi n timp ce ea muncea mai rar. =
interrogative:
negative:
6. Muncitorii ii curau ntotdeauna uneltele dup ce le foloseau. =
interrogative:
negative:
7. Cnd eram tnr, petreceam mult timp cu prietenii mei. =
interrogative:
negative:
8. Bunicul venea n fiecare luni i aducea jucrii lui Timmy. =
interrogative:
negative:
9. Cnd l-am vazut ultima oar, el pleca din ora. =
interrogative:
negative:
10. Artitii repetau nainte ca spectacolul s nceap. =
interrogative:negative:
-
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3. The Future Simple Tense(Timpul Viitor)
I. NTREBUINARE:1. Viitorul Simplu l folosim n legtura cu ateptri, predicii, opinii sau presupuneri care se vordesfura n viitor.Don't worry. She'll come back. = Nu te ngrijora. Se va ntoarce.My son will be ten next month. = Fiul meu va mplini zece ani luna viitoare.
2. Viitorul Simplu se folosete pentru a descrie aciuni obinuite ce vor avea loc n viitor.Drivers will always have to pay their speed tickets. = oferii ntotdeauna vor trebui s-i achite amenzile pentru depireavitezei.Babies will be born and old people will die, as usual. = Copii tot se vor nate, i btrnii se vor stinge, ca de obicei.
3. Viitorul Simplu se folosete n cadrul propoziiilor condiionale de tip 1, precum i n propoziiitemporale.We will punish him if he does it again. = l vom pedepsi dacva mai face acel lucru din nou.He will come home when he finishes his work. = El va veni acasdupa ce ii va termina treaba.
4. Viitorul Simplu se folosete pentru a descrie aciuni ce exprim intenia (mai ales cele luate n
momentul deciziei).I will have some Pepsi, please. = A dori un Pepsi, vrog.I like this car. I will buy it. = mi place aceastmain. O voi cumpra.
II. FORMARE:1. Forma afirmativ: Subiect + will+ VerbI will come We will comeYou will come You will comeHe will come They will come
2. Forma interogativ: Will+ Subiect + Verb ?
Will I come ? Will we come ?Will you come ? Will you come ?Will he come ? Will they come ?
3. Forma negativ: Subiect + will not (wont) + VerbI will not come We will not comeYou will not come You will not comeHe will not come They will not come
EXERCISES:
1. Punei verbele din paranteze la Viitorul Simplu i traducei n limba romn:Exemplu:I (know) the results in three days time.- I will know the results in three days time. = Voi afla rezultatele in 3 zile.
You (be) in London tomorrow.-
You (recognize) him when you see him?
-I (remember) this day all my life.
-
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I am sure you (like) this book.
-
He (be) pleased if you invite him.
-
I am sure I (succeed).
-
You (remember) to post my letter?
-
I hope I (pass) the exam.
-
You (not find) a solution if you dont know the whole truth.
-
2. Where will you be ? Scriei propozi
ii despre dvs. folosind: Ill be / Ill probably be / I dont know
where Ill beExemplu:(Tomorrow at 10 oclock) Ill probably be on the beach. / Ill be at work / I dont know where Ill be
(An hour from now) ______________________________________________.
(At midnight) ______________________________________________.
(At 3 oclock tomorrow afternoon) ______________________________________________.
(Two years from now) ______________________________________________.
3. Scriei forma negativ:Exemplu:Youll sleep. You wont sleep.
Ill forget. __________________.
It will happen. __________________.
Youll find out. __________________.
Shell come back. __________________.
4. Scriei propoziii la viitor care s nceap cu I think:Exemplu:(Diana/pass the exam) I think Diana will pass the exam.
(Jack/win the game) ______________________________________________.
(Sue/like her present) ______________________________________________.
(The weather/nice tomorrow) ______________________________________________.
(My friends/visit me next week) ______________________________________________.
(I/go on a trip next summer) ______________________________________________.
(We/wake up early tomorrow morning) ______________________________________________.
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INTREBARI DISJUNCTIVE - TAG QUESTIONS
Redarea n limba englez a ntrebrii Nu-i asa?se face n mod diferit, n funcie de anumitecaracteristici ale propoziiei stimul ( propoziia dup care este aezat) i anume:
1. Dac n propoziia stimul se afl un verb auxiliar sau modal, acesta se repet n ntrebarea disjunctiv, la
semn invers.
+Positive statement,
-negative tag?
Snow is white, isn't it?
-Negative statement,
+positive tag?
You don't like me, do you
Exemple:Mary has finished her work, hasnt she? = Maryi-a terminat treaba, nu-i aa?You havent met her before, have you? = Tu n-ai mai ntlnit-o, nu-i aa?
John can manage alone, cant he? = John se descurcsingur, nu-i aa?She couldnt come, could she? = Ea nu a putut veni, nu-i aa?
2. Dac n propoziia stimul se afl un verb obinuit, n ntrebarea disjunctiv se folosete verbul auxiliar
do la acelai timp i la aceeai persoan.Exemple:Your mother baked these cakes, didnt she? = Mama ta a fcut prjiturile acestea, nu-i aa?Alice speaks English well, doesnt she? = Alice vorbete bine engleza, nu-i aa?They dont know each other, do they? = Ei nu se cunosc, nu-i aa?You didnt come home late, did you? = Tu n-ai venit trziu, nu-i aa?
3. Forma negativ a verbului auxiliar sau modal din ntrebarea disjunctiv este ntotdeauna contras ( isnt,didnt, cant, etc.) Forma negativ pentru persoana I sg. a verbului to be la prezent este fie am I not?fie, invorbirea curent, familiar, aint I? [eint ai].
Exemplu:I am a good dancer, am I not? (aint I?) = Eu sunt un bun dansator, nu-i aa?
4. Subiectul ntrebrii disjunctive este ntotdeauna pronumele corespunztor subiectului propoziiei stimul;5. ntrebarea disjunctiv este desparit de propoziia stimul prin virgul;6. Intonaia ntrebrii disjunctive urc atunci cnd se ateapt un rspuns i coboar atunci cnd aceasta esteo simpl constatare;7. n cazul n care ntrebarea disjunctiv este doar o exclamaie (chiar aa?, adevrat?) exprimndsurprindere, nemulumire, bucurie etc., verbul auxiliar sau modal este folosit la acelai timp cu predicatul
propoziiei stimul.
Exemple:You will tell me, will you? (ameninare) = mi vei spune, bine?Oh, I am here at last, am I? ( bucurie) = Oh, n sfrit am ajuns aici, sau nu?
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8. Cnd propoziia stimul este la modul imperativ, ntrebarea disjunctiv este will you?saushall we?Exemple:Let me have a look, will you? = Las-msmuit, bine?Have another cake, will you? = Mai servete o prjitur, te rog?Lets go, shall we? = Haidei smergem, bine?
9. Dac propoziia stimul conine cuvinte ca: neither, no, none, no one, nobody, nothing, scarcely, barely,hardly ever, seldom, ntrebarea disjunctiv este la afirmativ.
Exemplu:Nothing was added, was it? = Nu s-a adugat nimic, nu-i aa?
10. Cnd subiectul propoziiei stimul este: anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, none, neither, everyone,somebody, someone, subiectul ntrebrii disjunctive este they.
Exemplu:Nobody will go there, will they? = Nimeni nu se va duce acolo, nu-i aa?
EXERCISES:
1. Adugai ntrebarea disjunctiv potrivit:
1. Teresa is an accountant, __________?2. I am a good worker, _____________?3. Pierre is a grandfather, ___________?4. Kate is a doctor, ____________?5. Jack and Alicia are students, _____________?6. Mario is at work right now, ______________?7. I'm here, _____________?8. You and I are busy right now, ______________?9. It's windy today, ____________?
10. I am ready for the next exercise, ___________?11. Sabine was an actress, ___________?12. I was very tired, ___________?13. Alexander was a factory owner, ___________?14. Monika was here, ___________?15. Hanna and Alicia were students, ___________?16. Mario was at work yesterday, ___________?17. I was late, ___________?18. You and I were busy last week, ___________?19. It was windy today, ___________?20. Hector was your neighbour, ___________?21. Luciano Pavarotti was a great opera singer, ___________?22. It isn't very cold today, ___________?23. The children won't want to go to bed early, ___________?
2. Alegei ntrebarea disjunctiv potrivit:
1. You wanted that, ___________?
a) would you
b) didn't youc) wouldn't you
d) do you
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2. He saw that, ___________?
a) is he
b) won't he
c) didn't he
d) doesn't he
3. You know that's right, ___________?
a) would you
b) wouldn't you
c) don't you
d) didn't you
4. He will be coming, ___________?a) is he
b) did he
c) doesn't he
d) won't he
5. After all this time you'd think he'd have forgotten, ___________?
a) didn't you
b) wouldn't youc) don't you
d) do you
6. The patient is suffering from severe fever he needs to see a doctor, ___________?
a) doesn't he
b) did he
c) won't hed) is he
7. You may think you know the answer but you don't, ___________?
a) don't you
b) would you
c) wouldn't you
d) do you
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8. After working so hard he didn't deserve to fail the exam, ___________?
a) doesn't he
b) did he
c) won't he
d) is he
9. You wouldn't report me, ___________?
a) don't you
b) would you
c) wouldn't you
d) do you
10. He isn't going to like this, ___________?a) didn't he
b) did he
c) won't he
d) is he
3. Traducei urmtoarele propoziii n limba englez:
1. Eu mi scriu tema n fiecare zi, nu-i aa? =2. Tu ai fcut exerciii n fiecare sptmn, nu-i aa? =
3. El se trezete de obicei la ora 8, nu-i aa? =
4. Ana nu va citi o carte n fiecare lun, nu-i aa? =
5. Noi nu vorbim englez, nu-i aa? =
6. Voi nu dormii mai mult dect ei, nu-i aa? =
7. Ei mncau aici de fiecare dat, nu-i aa? =
8. Ea noat n piscin acum, nu-i aa? =
9. Noi nu vorbim n acest moment, nu-i aa? =
10. El cnt foarte bine la pian, nu-i aa? =
11. Dar el nu poate s cnte la vioar, nu-i aa? =
12. Tu trebuie s bei mult lapte, nu-i aa? =
13. Ea are mai multe cri dect tine, nu-i aa? =
14. Voi putei nota foarte repede, nu-i aa? =
15. Ei au rezolvat cel mai dificil exerciiu, nu-i aa? =
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DIATEZA PASIV THE PASSIVE VOICE
Diateza pasiv se formeaz conjugnd verbul to be la timpul cerut de sens, la care se adaugformaIII (participiul trecut) a verbului de conjugat.
Exemple:I am asked. = Eu sunt ntrebat
I have been asked. = Eu am fost ntrebatI was asked. = Eu eram ntrebatI had been asked. = Eu fusesem ntrebatI will be asked. = Eu voi fi ntrebat
n limba romn, trecerea de la diateza activ la diateza pasiv se face prin transformareacomplementului direct n subiect.Exemplu:Activ: Directorul m-a chemat pe mine. Pasiv: Eu am fost chemat de director.
n limba englez, exist 3 tipuri de complemente care pot deveni subiect in transformarea de la activla pasiv: complementul direct, complementul indirecti, n unele cazuri, complementul prepoziional.
Exemplu: Activ: I gave him a book. = I-am dat o carte.
(unde complementul direct este a book, iar complementul indirect este him ; ambele complemente pot devenisubiecte in cazul trecerii la pasiv; desigur, subiectul va fi trecut la cazul nominativ.)Exemple:Complement direct Subiect : A book was given to him. (by me) = O carte i s-a dat lui (de ctre mine).
Complement indirect Subiect: He was given a book. (by me) =I s-a dat o carte (de ctre mine)
n propoziia: In this office they insist on punctuality = n acest birou ei insitprivind punctualitatea.punctuality este un complement prepoziional, care, de asemenea, poate deveni subiect n cazul
folosirii diatezei pasive:In this office punctuality is insisted on (by them). = n acest birou se insitpe punctualitate (de ctre ei)
Un alt exemplu de complement prepoziional care poate deveni subiect.Exemplu:Active: She looked after the child. = Ea a ingrijit copilul
Passive: The child was looked after (by her). = Copilul a fost ngrijit (de ctre ea)
n multe cazuri, pasivul se folosete atunci cnd nu este important cine face aciunea. n acestesituaii, se omite formularea by, de la sfritul propoziiei.
Exemplu: In this office punctuality is insisted on.
Nota: Se poate folosi aspectul continuu al diatezei pasive numai la Present Tense si Past Tense.Exemple:While I am in hospital, my flat is being painted.= n timp ce sunt n spital, apartamentul meu este zugrvit.While I was in hospital, my flat was being painted.= n timp ce eram n spital, apartamentul meu era zugrvit.
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EXERCISES:
I.Trecei urmtoarele propoziii la diateza pasivi traducei n limba romn:1. They will finish the work today.- The work will be finished today. = Treaba va fi terminatastzi.
2. He has found your bag.
-
3. I will invite my friend to a party.
-
4. Someone has found the missing child.
-
5. A specialist will repair my TV set.
-
6. His co-workers must do something for him.
-
7. People play football all over the world.
-
8. The noise frightened me.
-
9. They are building a new house round the corner.
-
10. They were building a new supermarket in that district last month, when I passed by.
-
II. Trecei urmtoarele propoziii la diateza pasiv n dou feluri, transformnd attcomplementul direct ct i cel indirect n subiecte:
1. The doctor prescribed some pills to the patient.- Some pills were prescribed to the patient (by the doctor).- The patient was prescribed some pills (by the doctor).
2. They have given me a nice present.
-
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3. The policeman will show us the way.
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4. I teach them English.
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5. I have lent John two of my books.
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6. The jury awarded the Romanian film director the Great Prize.
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7. The guide showed the museum to the tourists.
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8. They will give me a reward.
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9. My friend doesnt always tell me the truth.
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10. The teacher asked me a difficult question.
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III. Trecei la diateza pasiv urmtoarele propoziii care cuprind combinaii verb+prepoziie:
1. They didnt look after the children properly.- The child wasnt looked after properly (by them)
2. We called for the doctor.
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3. We couldnt account for his odd behaviour.
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4. Burglars broke into the house.
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5. Dont speak until someone speaks to you.
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6. He hasnt slept in his bed.
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7. We laughed at John.
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8. We objected to his proposal.
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9. They set fire to the shed.-
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IV. Trecei urmtoarele propoziii la diateza pasivi traducei n limba romn:1. Has someone repaired the TV set?- Has the TV set been repaired? = A fost reparat televizorul?
2. Will you write the letter in ink?
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3. Havent they told you to be here at 6 oclock?
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4. Did the tornado frighten you?
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5. Will someone tell him the details?
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6. Have you fed the dog?
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7. Did the sight of the accident shock him?-
8. Did they tell you about the meeting?
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9. Do you think they will turn down your request?
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10. Would you have finished your work sooner if your colleagues hadnt interrupted you?
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V.Trecei urmtoarele propoziii la diateza pasivi la diateza activ. Gasii subiecte acolo unde estenecesar:
1. This book will soon be forgotten. They will soon forget this book.
2. These books mustnt be taken away.
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3. English is spoken all over the world.
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4. This painting is admired by all the visitors of the museum.
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5. This house has been built out of stone and cement.
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6. A reception was held in his honour.
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7. The pupils will be told where to sit.
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8. I was recommended a very good doctor.
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9. The climber was finally discovered by the rescue party.
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10. He hates being made fun of.
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VI. Traducei n limba englez:1. n acest hotel se vorbesc limbi straine. = In this hotel foreign languages are spoken.
2. Ni s-a cerut s artm paapoartele.
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3. Ni s-au spus lucruri foarte interesante la conferin.
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4. Evenimentul a fost comentat de toate ziarele.=
5. Scrisoarea va fi pus la pot ct mai curnd posibil.
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6. Nu s-a auzit nimic despre el de cnd a plecat la Constana.
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7. Aceast informaie trebuie tratat confidenial.
=8. Sensurile cuvintelor noi trebuie cutate n dicionar.
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9. Cnd a ajuns acasi-a dat seama c i se furase portofelul.
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10. Cursul profesorului a fost ascultat de toi studenii.
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11. Ni se vor da instruciuni detaliate n privina referatului.
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12. Se construiesc multe blocuri noi in cartierul nostru.
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13. Muzeul a fost nchis pentru reparaii.
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14. Acest timbru nu a fost bine lipit pe plic.
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15. America a fost descoperit la sfritul secolului al XV-lea.