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1. DESCRIEREA UTILAJELOR FOLOSITE PENTRU NCLZIRE I RCIRE

Utilajele pentr !n"#l$ire repre$int# "ir"a %&' (in t)tall tilajel)r (in ()tarea atelierel)r(e trata*ente ter*i"e. Se p)t tili$a at+t pentr !n"#l$irea ,i *en-inerea pieel)r la te*peratra/inal# "+t ,i pentr r#"irea " 0ite$e (e)eit (e *i"i 2r#"ire !n "pt)r3.

La ale4erea a pr)ie"tarea ni ae*enea tilaj treie !n(eplinite r*#t)arele "erin-e5# a(*it# reali$area te*peratrii ()rite !ntr6n ti*p *ini*7 # per*it# re4larea " *are pre"i$iea te*peratrii7 # ai4re ) te*peratr# "+t *ai ni/)r*# !n pa-il (e l"r7 # l"re$e " nran(a*ent *a8i*7 # reali$e$e ) pr)("ti0itate *a8i*#7 # )"pe n pa-i *ini*7 )pera-iile (e!n"#r"are6(e"#r"are # p)at9:98:;:/

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La a"ete "pt)are= ener4ia ter*i"# ne"ear# !n"#l$irii pieel)r e )-ine prin ar(erea n)r")*tiili li">i$i a 4a$),i. ?a$ele "al(e "are re$lt# !n r*a ar(erii "e(ea$# "#l(r# pieel)ra/late pe 0atra "pt)rli= !n"#l$in(6le prin ")n0e"-ie= "+t ,i pere-il)r re/ra"tari "are (eli*itea$#pa-il (e l"r ,i "are= la r+n(l l)r= 0)r !n"#l$i pieele prin ")n("tiilitate 2"ele ()# ele*ente/iin( !n ")nta"t3 ,i e0ental prin ra(ia-ie= (a"# te*peratra 0a (ep#,i 9&&@C.

Cpt)rl " /la"#r#= ")nt# (in */la 1 ")n/e"-i)nat# (in )-el a n *aterial re/ra"tar ") re$iten-# *e"ani"# ")repn$#t)are= "are epar# pa-il til (e 4a$ele (e ar(ere= pere-iire/ra"tari := ar$#t)arele 2la ")*tiili 4a$),i3 a inje"t)arele 2la ")*tiili li">i$i3 ;=

*)ntate !n pere-ii laterali ,i pa-il ne"ear pentr na "ir"la-ie a 4a$el)r (e ar(ere . Pieele 9e !n"#l$e" prin ra(ia-ia */lei= iar a"eata printr6n ">i* (e "#l(r# ")*ple8 (e ra(ia-ie 6")n0e"-ie !ntre pere-ii "pt)rli= */l# ,i 4a$e. ?a$ele (e ar(ere= "are a "e(at ) parte (in"#l(ra l)r ite*li= nt e0a"ate printr6n "anal (e /*.

arjarea e reali$ea$# prin *ane0rarea ,ii B (e "#tre n ite* *e"ani" %a"-i)nat " n*)t)r ele"tri" a >i(rali". Te*peratra (in pa-il (e l"r e *#)ar# ,i e re4lea$# at)*at" ajt)rl ni ter*)"pl le4at la n *ili0)lt*etr ter*)re4lat)r. Pentr re("ereapier(eril)r (e "#l(r# prin 4a$ele "are nt e0a"ate la "),= e re")*an(# /)l)irea n)rre"perat)are

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Cpt)arele " flacr indirectprin /aptl "# eli*in# ")nta"tl (ire"t (intre piee ,i/la"#r#= e /)l)e" *ai (e !n trata*entele ter*i"e (e"+t "pt)arele " /la"#r# (ire"t# = (e)are"ela a"etea e8it# peri")ll ar(erii= pra!n"#l$irii= (e"arr#rii= )8i(#rii a !n"#l$irii neni/)r*ea pieei.

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Cpt)r " /la"#r# " re"ir"la-ia 4a$el)r

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Cpt)are " /la"#r# in(ire"t#

Cpt)are " /n"-i)nare(i")ntin#7 !n"#r"are *anal 2a37

" 0atr# *)il# 23.Pentr piee *ari= "are ne"eit# !n"#r"are " *a"arale e ")ntrie" "pt)are " vatr

mobil"e ete antrenat# *e"ani" " ajt)rl n)r lan-ri a "re*aliere. etrele *ai ,)are nt*)ntate pe )4>iri ,i r)-i pentr ,ine= iar "ele *ai 4rele e (eplaea$# pe ile ,i "#i (e rlare.I$)larea ter*i"# a pa-ili (e l"r e reali$ea$# " ajt)rl n)r ,i"ane " niip.

Cpt)r " /n"-i)nare ")ntin#

Cpt)arele "funcionare continunt pre0#$te " ite*e *e"ani"e (e (eplaare apieel)r 2tranp)rt)are " pl#"i= 0etre p#,it)are= 0etre plat)rii= et"3. Te*peratra !n pa-il (e

l"r al "pt)rli ete 0ariail#= piea par"r4+n( la ) tre"ere n "i"l (e !n"#l$ire 6 *en-inereine (eter*inat. A"ete "pt)are e *ai n*e" ,i cuptoare zonale.Dp# "* 6a *ai a*intit= pentr ar(erea ")*tiilil)r 4a$),i e /)l)e" arztoare= !n

ti*p "e pentr ar(erea ")*tiilil)r li">i$i 6 injectoare. La n)i !n -ar# "ei *ai tilili$a-i")*tiili nt 4a$l *etan= p#"ra ,i *)t)rina.

Cuptoare electrice

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Cpt)arele ele"tri"e nt *ai i*ple (e"+t "pt)arele " /la"#r#= (e)are"e n ne"eit#ar$#t)are ,i ")n("te a/erente (e ")*tiil ,i aer= "a*ere (e ")*tie eparate ,i "analepentr e0a"area 4a$el)r la "),.

Spa-il (e l"r 1 ete i$)lat ter*i" " "#r#*i$i re/ra"tare ,i pre0#$t " ) ,# := "e e(eplaea$# pe 4>i(ajele ;= prin a"-i)nare " *)t)rl >i(rali".

Ele*entele !n"#l$it)are 9 2re$iten-ele3 nt *)ntate pe pere-ii laterali pe ni,te p)r-ipe"iali B ,i !n 0atr#= /iin( le4ate la n pan) (e )rne 7. Te*peratra (in pa-il (e l"r er*#re,te " ajt)rl ter*)"plli ,i a aparatli ter*)re4lat)r ")repn$#t)r= *)ntate !ntr6n pan) (e ")*an(#.

Dat)rit# /aptli "# lipe" 4a$ele (e ar(ere= "are prin e0a"are la "), pr)(" "ea *ai*are pier(ere (e "#l(r#= ran(a*entl "pt)arel)r ele"tri"e ete *lt *ai *are (e"+t al "el)r "

/la"#r# ( h = 49 - 76 %).arele a0antaj al "pt)arel)r ele"tri"e !l ")ntitie p)iilitatea l)r (e re4lare ,iat)*ati$are= ele per*i-+n( pre"i$ii "rente (e 9 6 :&@C ,i ) /n"-i)nare !ntr6n re4i*e")n)*i".

Cuptoare bi

n "a$l "pt)arel)r " #i *e(il (e !n"#l$ire ete li">i(= ")nt+n( (in *etale aa*ete"ri (e #rri t)pite pra!n"#l$ite la te*peratra ne"ear#= "eea "e prepne ) erie (eavantaje"a5

6 tran/erl "#l(rii e /a"e *lt *ai a0antaj)= (ratele (e !n"#l$ire /iin( *ai "rte76 te*peratra (e !n"#l$ire e p)ate reali$a *lt *ai ,)r ,i pre"i= te*peratra #ii ,i a

pieel)r /iin( a"eea,i76 pra/a-a pieel)r n ete e8p# a"-inii ">i*i"e a *e(ili7(ar ,i (e dezavantaje "e re$lt# (in *#rile pe"iale (e pr)te"-ia *n"ii 2pentr

pre0enirea n)r a""i(ente3 "e treie" late56 ne"eitatea e8iten-ei n)r intala-ii (e e8>atare pentr eli*inarea 4a$el)r "are e

e*an#76 ne"eitatea e8iten-ei n)r intala-ii (e pr)te"-ie !*p)tri0a pra!n"#l$irii ,i

at)aprin(erii7

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Cpt)r ele"tri"

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6 larea n)r *#ri !*p)tri0a tr)piril)r= et".Ca ,i "pt)arele= "pt)arele6#i p)t /i a"-i)nate " ")*tiil a ele"tri"= !n"#l$irea #ii

/#"+n(6e (in e8teri)r a (in interi)r.

Di0ere tipri (e "pt)are #ia3 " !n"#l$ire e8teri)ar# " 4a$ *etan7 3 " !n"#l$ire e8teri)ar#

ele"tri"#7 "3 " !n"#l$ire interi)ar# " tri ra(iante7 (3 " !n"#l$ireinteri)ar# " ele"tr)$i i*era-i7

16 "a*er# (e pre!n"#l$ire7 26 "a*er# (e !n"#l$ire7 36 ar$#t)r7 4 - p)rt7 5 -"re$et7 6 -aie7 76 pie#7 8 - "anale pentr 4a$e7 9 - "apa"7 16 ter*)"pl7

116 >)t# pentr e8>atare7 126 */l#7 136 ele"tr)$i7 14 - re$it)are7 156pan) (e )rne7 16 6 pla"# (e pr)te"-ie.

Cuptorul baie cu nclzire exterioar cu gaz metan 2a3= (ipne (e ()# "a*ere5 "a*era1 2(etinat# pre!n"#l$irii pieel)r 2pentr a e e0ita pr)("erea tr)pil)r la i*eri)narea l)r !naie3 ,i "a*era : 2!n "are ete *)ntat "re$etl *etali" "are ")n-ine #rrile t)pite3. Ar$#t)rl e(ipne at/el !n"+t /la"#ra li # at# tan4en-ial /a-# (e "re$et= ai4r+n( ) *i,"are *ai inten#a 4a$el)r= "are ap)i tre" !n "a*era (e pre!n"#l$ire prin "ele ()# "anale pra"ti"ate !n peretele(ep#r-it)r= n(e !ntr6) */l# e 4#e" pieele. Pieele nt intr)(e !n aie " ajt)rl n)r(ip)$iti0e pe"iale "are per*it ,i (eplaarea l)r lteri)ar# !n tilajele (e r#"ire.

Cuptorul baie cu nclzire exterioar electric 23= per*ite n re4laj /)arte pre"i ,i")*)(. Site*l (e e8>atare= ")nt+n( (in ()# 4ri (e a)r-ie plaate la ni0ell

"re$etli= ai4r# ) e0a"are *ai ")*plet# a *aj)rit#-ii 4a$el)r e*anate.A*ele tipri (e "pt)are6#i e /)l)e" n*ai la te*peratri j)ae :&&699&@C=

pentr "are "re$etele *etali"e pre$int# ) re$iten-# *e"ani"# ")repn$#t)are. Plaareaele*entel)r !n"#l$it)are (ire"t !n aia (e #rri ete !n# *ai a0antaj)a#.

Cuptoarele baie cu nclzire interioar cu tuburi radiante2"3= per*it ) *i,"are a t)pitrii!n aie (at)rit# (i/eren-ei (e te*peratr#= "eea "e ai4r# n ">i* ")repn$#t)r (e "#l(r# ,ie tili$ea$# pentr te*peratri *e(ii B9& 6

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*a8i** 1;&&@C3= e /)l)e" cuptoare bi cu nclzire interioar cu electrozi imersai ntopitur 2(3.

Ran(a*entl ter*i" al "pt)arel)r #i ete (e 8 - 15 %pentr "ele " /la"#r#= 2 - 3 %pentr "ele " re$it)are ,i (e 5 - 7 %pentr "ele " ele"tr)$i.

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