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Take Care ofYour Feet for a
A Guide for People With Diabetes
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You can take
care of your feet!D
o you want to avoid serious foot problems that
can lead to a toe, foot, or leg amputation?
Take Care of Your Feet for a Lifetime tells you how. Its allabout taking good care of your feet.
Foot care is very important for every person with
diabetes, but especially if you have:
Loss of feeling in your feet
Changes in the shape of your feet
Foot ulcers or sores that do not heal
Nerve damage can cause you to lose feeling in your
feet. You may not feel a pebble inside your sock that is
causing a sore. You may not feel a blister caused by
poorly fitting shoes. Foot injuries such as these can
cause ulcers, which may lead to amputation.
Keeping your blood glucose (sugar) in good control
and taking care of your feet every day can help you
avoid serious foot problems.
Use this guide to make your own plan for taking care
of your feet. Helpful tips make it easy! Share your
plan with your doctor and health care team and get
their help when you need it.
There is a lot you can do to prevent serious problems
with your feet. Heres how.
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1 Takecareofyourdiabetes.
Makehealthylifestylechoicestohelpkeepyour
bloodglucose(sugar),bloodpressure,and
cholesterollevelsclosetonormal.Doingso
mayhelppreventordelaydiabetes-relatedfoot
problems
as
well
as
heart,
eye,
and
kidney
disease.
Workwithyourhealthcareteamtomakea
diabetesplanthatfitsyourlifestyle.Theteammay
includeyourdoctor,adiabeteseducator,anurse,a
dietitian,
a
foot
care
doctor
called
a
podiatrist
(pah-DI-ah-trist),andotherspecialists.Thisteam
willhelpyouto:
KnowwhentogetyourdiabetesABCs
checked:A1C*(bloodglucose),Blood
pressure,
and
Cholesterol.
Knowhowandwhentotestyourblood
glucose.
Takeyourmedicinesasprescribed.
Eat
regular
meals
that
contain
a
variety
of
healthy,low-fat,high-fiberfoodsincludingfruits
andvegetableseachday.
Getphysicalactivityeachday.
Stop
smoking.
Followyourfootcareplan.
Keepallyourappointmentsandhaveyourfeet,
eyes,andkidneyscheckedatleastonceayear.
Visityourdentisttwiceayear.
*A1Cisanaveragemeasureofyourbloodglucoseovera
3-monthperiod.
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2 Checkyourfeeteveryday.
Youmayhaveseriousfootproblems,butfeelno
pain.Checkyourfeetforcuts,sores,redspots,
swelling,andinfectedtoenails. Findatime(evening
isbest)tocheckyourfeeteachday.Makechecking
your
feet
part
of
your
everyday
routine.
Ifyouhavetroublebendingovertoseeyourfeet,
useaplasticmirrortohelp.Youalsocanaska
familymemberorcaregivertohelpyou.
Check
your
feet
every
day.
2
Make
sure
to
call
your
health
care
team
right
awayifacut,sore,blister,orbruiseonyour
footdoesnotbegintohealafteroneday.
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3 Washyourfeeteveryday.
Washyourfeetinwarm,nothot,water.Donot
soakyourfeetbecauseyourskinwillgetdry
afterwards.
Before
bathing
or
showering,
test
the
water
to
makesureitisnottoohot.Youcanusea
thermometer(90to95Fissafe)oryourelbow.
Dryyourfeetwell. Besuretodrybetweenyour
toes.
Use
talcum
powder
or
cornstarch
to
keep
theskinbetweenyourtoesdry.
Keep
the
skin
softand
smooth.
Rubathincoatofskinlotion,cream,orpetroleum
jellyonthetopsandbottomsofyourfeet.
Donotputlotionorcreambetweenyourtoes
becausethismightcauseaninfection.
4
Putlotiononthetops
and
bottoms
ofyourfeet.
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5 Smoothcornsandcallusesgently.
Ifyouhavecornsandcalluses,checkwithyour
doctororpodiatristaboutthebestwaytocare
forthem.
If
your
doctor
tells
you
to,
use
a
pumice
stone
to
smoothcornsandcallusesafterbathingor
showering.Apumicestoneisatypeofrock
usedtosmooththeskin. Rubgently,onlyinone
direction,toavoidtearingtheskin.
Donotcutcornsandcalluses.Dontuserazor
blades,cornplasters,orliquidcornandcallus
removerstheycandamageyourskin.
Gentlyrubcalluses
with
a
pumice
stone.
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55
6 Trimyourtoenailseachweekorwhenneeded.
Haveafootcaredoctortrimyourtoenailsifyou
cantseewell,ifyoucannotreachyourfeet,ifyour
toenailsarethickoryellowed,orifyournails
curve
and
grow
into
the
skin.
Ifyoucanseeandreachyourtoenails,trimthem
withclippersafteryouwashanddryyourfeet.
Trim
toenails
straight
across
and
smooth
them
withanemeryboardornailfile.
Donotcutintothecornersofthetoenail.
Trim
your
toenails
straight
across
and
smooth
them
with
a
nail
file.
Make
sure
to
call
your
health
care
team
right
awayifacut,sore,blister,orbruiseonyour
footdoesnotbegintohealafteroneday.
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7Wearshoesandsocksatalltimes.
Wearshoesandsocksatalltimes.Donotwalk
barefootnotevenindoorsbecauseitiseasyto
steponsomethingandhurtyourfeet.
Always
wear
socks,
stockings,
or
nylons
with
your
shoestohelpavoidblistersandsores.
Chooseclean,lightlypaddedsocksthatfitwell.
Socksthathavenoseamsarebest.
Checktheinsidesofyourshoesbeforeyouput
themontobesuretheliningissmoothandthat
therearenoobjectsinthem.
Wear
shoes
that
fit
well
and
protect
your
feet.
Checktheinsideofyourshoesbeforeyouputthemon.
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8 Protectyourfeetfromhotandcold.
Wearshoesatthebeachoronhotpavement.
Putsunscreenonthetopofyourfeettoprevent
sunburn.
Keepyourfeetawayfromradiatorsandopenfires.
Donotputhotwaterbottlesorheatingpadson
yourfeet.
Wearsocksatnightifyourfeetgetcold. Lined
bootsaregoodinwintertokeepyourfeetwarm.
Checkyourfeetoftenincoldweathertoavoid
frostbite.
Protect
your
feet
when
walking
on
hot
surfaces.
Make
sure
to
call
your
health
care
team
right
awayifacut,sore,blister,orbruiseonyour
footdoesnotbegintohealafteroneday.
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9Keep the bloodflowing to your feet.
Putyourfeetupwhenyouaresitting.
Wiggleyourtoesfor5minutes,twoorthree
timesaday. Moveyouranklesupanddownandin
and
out
to
improve
blood
flow
in
your
feet
and
legs.
Donotcrossyourlegsforlongperiodsoftime.
Do
not
wear
tight
socks,
elastic
or
rubber
bands,
orgartersaroundyourlegs.
Donotsmoke. Smokingreducesbloodflowto
yourfeet.Askforhelptostopsmokingorcall
1-800-QUITNOW
(1-800-784-8669).
Workwithyourhealthcareteamtocontrol
yourA1C(bloodglucose),bloodpressure,and
Put your feet upwhen you are
sitting.
8
cholesterol.
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99
10 Bemoreactive.
Askyourhealthcareteamtohelpyouplanadaily
activityprogramthatisrightforyou.
Walking,dancing,swimming,andbicyclingaregood
formsofexercisethatareeasyonthefeet.
Avoidactivitiesthatarehardonthefeet,suchas
runningandjumping.
Alwaysincludeashortwarm-upandcool-down
period.
Wearathleticshoesthatfitwellandthatprovide
goodsupport.
Walkingbriskly isgoodexercise.
Makesuretocallyourhealthcareteamright
awayifacut,sore,blister,orbruiseonyour
footdoesnotbegintohealafteroneday.
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11Besuretoaskyourhealthcareteamto:
Tellyouifyouarelikelytohaveseriousfoot
problems. Ifyouhaveseriousfootproblems,
yourfeetshouldbecheckedateveryvisitto
yourdoctor.
Checkthesenseoffeelingandpulsesinyourfeet
atleastonceayear.
Showyouhowtocareforyourfeet.
Referyoutoapodiatristifneeded.
Decideifspecialshoeswouldhelpyourfeetstay
healthy.
Ask
your
doctor
to
check
the
sense
of
feeling
in
your
feet.
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12 Getstartednow.
Begintakinggoodcareofyourfeettoday.
Setatimeeverydaytocheckyourfeet.
Notethedateofyournextvisittothedoctor.
Cutoutthefootcaretipsheetinthisbookletand
putitonyourbathroomorbedroomwallor
nightstandasareminder.
Complete
the
To
Do
list
at
the
back
of
this
booklet.Getstartednow.
Setadateforbuyingthethingsyouneedtotake
careofyourfeet:nailclippers,pumicestone,
emery
board,
skin
lotion,
talcum
powder,
plastic
mirror,socks,athleticshoes,andslippers.
Mostimportant,stickwithyourfootcare
programandgiveyourselfaspecialtreatsuch
as
a
new
pair
of
soft,
lightly
padded
socks.
You
deserveit!
Make
sure
to
call
your
health
care
team
right
awayifacut,sore,blister,orbruiseonyour
footdoesnotbegintohealafteroneday.
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TipsforProperFootwear
Proper
footwear
is
very
important
for
preventing
seriousfootproblems.Athleticorwalkingshoes
aregoodfordailywear.Theysupportyourfeet
andallowthemtobreathe.
Never
wear
vinyl
or
plastic
shoes,
because
they
dontstretchorbreathe.
Whenbuyingshoes,makesuretheyarecomfort-
ablefromthestartandhaveenoughroomfor
your
toes.
Dontbuyshoeswithpointedtoesorhighheels.
Theyputtoomuchpressureonyourtoes.
Ask
your
doctor
about
Medicare
or
otherinsurancecoverageforspecialfootwear.
Youmayneedspecialshoesorshoeinsertsto
preventseriousfootproblems. IfyouhaveMedicare
PartBinsurance,youmaybeabletogetsomeofthe
cost
of
special
shoes
or
inserts
paid
for.
Ask
your
doctorwhetheryouqualifyfor
1pairofextradepthshoes*and3pairsof
inserts,or
1pairofcustommoldedshoes(includinginserts)
and
2
additional
pairs
of
inserts.
IfyouqualifyforMedicareorotherinsurance
coverageandwouldbenefitfromtheuseofthe
shoes,yourdoctororpodiatristwilltellyouhowto
getyourspecialshoes.
*Extradepthshoeslooklikeathleticorwalkingshoes,buthavemoreroominthem.Theextraroomallowsfordifferentshapedfeetandtoesorforspecialinsertsmadetofityourfeet.
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For more information, please contact:
National Diabetes Education Program
www.YourDiabetesInfo.org800-438-5383
American Association of Diabetes Educators
www.diabeteseducator.org
800-TEAM-UP-4 (800-832-6874)
American Diabetes Association
www.diabetes.org
800-DIABETES (800-342-2383)
American Podiatric Medical Association
www.apma.org
800-FOOTCARE (800-366-8227)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Division of Diabetes Translation
www.cdc.gov/diabetes
877-232-3422
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International
www.jdrf.org
800-533-CURE (800-533-2873)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
www.niddk.nih.gov
800-860-8747
NIH PUBLICATION NO. 12-4285, REVISED JULY 2003
http://www.yourdiabetesinfo.org/http://www.diabeteseducator.org/http://www.yourdiabetesinfo.org/http://www.diabeteseducator.org/ -
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