61429327-perne-loess

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Page 1: 61429327-perne-loess

ABCDEFGHAIAJKLLLFKBHMNLONBPGMKGLCDBQHMNCRAAJDMLSNEFJNHNMATLPKFDUAHKLPKLVNBDALCNLEGHKMAGJKLPAWKMQKTLQHMGHAOACGRAAL

BKNBAODMEKXBKDEDVKBKTLHKMKBNMALQJGIKYEZJNMATLFMGONMAL[ALGMVAJKLEDATLBAQAFNMALGO\BGHKTLF]EZBHNMALLLQKBQAIAJKLJGL

NEKUAMKL SJDKQQ^L QGNL CNL FDHKBRAGJL PKL CDBHMGCRAKL YNEOJGMKTL ONBPGRAAL QNIL BAWKJNJL GFKAL QNIHKMGBKYABCJNQAWL

GVMKQAWKTLKHC_^_LL

`BL CGUNJL FKMBKJDML OZ[AAL \BVNQHKL QGNL AUDJGHKL NMEKGU]L CGL ABQHMNCRANBAJKL Q]L OAKLGPDFHGHKL \BLONBCRAKL

PKLNHAJGaNJLPKLCDEFGCHGMKL[ALCDBPARAAJKLQFKCAOACKLPKLJNCMN_LL

bDBQDJAPGMKGL HKMKBNMAJDML CNL FKMBKL PABLJDKQQYOAABPL DL DFKMGRAKL FMKJAEABGM]L \BCKFKMAAL JNCM]MAJDML PKL

ONBPGRAAYL HMKINAKL MKGJAUGH]TL WKMAOACGH]L [AL MKCKFRADBGH]L \BGABHKGL HKMEKBNJNAL FJGBAOACGHL FKBHMNL \BCKFKMKGL

DIAKCHKJDMLPKLCDBQHMNCRAA_LL

bDBQHMNCHDMNJLLWGLLMKQFKCHGLLCNLLQHMACHKRKLLHDGHKLLCDBPARAAJKLLHKcBACKLLPKLLKdKCNRAKLLQHGIAJAHKLL\BLCGAKHNJL

PKL QGMCABATL PDCNEKBHGRAGL HKcBAC]L FKL DIAKCHAWL [AL BDMEGHAWKJKL CNL QHGBPGMPKJKL PKL MKOKMABR]TLABCJNQAWL CKJKL

CDBKdK_LL

`BL GCKQHL QCDFTL JGL \BHDCEAMKGL PKL C]HMKL CDBQHMNCHDML GL FMDAKCHNJNAL PKL DMVGBAUGMKL CDDMPDBGHDML [AL GLL

OA[KJDML CNL FMDCKPNMAL HKcBACKL QKL WDML EKBRADBGL HDGHKL JNCM]MAJKL QFKCAOACKL KdKCNH]MAAL FKMBKJDML PABL JDKQQL [ALL

QNCCKQANBKGL JDML FMKW]UNHKL \BL FMDAKCHNJL PKL KdKCNRAKTL FMKCNEL [AL BKCKQGMNJL PKL NHAJGaKL [AL EAaJDGCKL PKLL

HMGBQFDMH_LL

eAKCGMKL[GBHAKLWGLDMVGBAUGL\BLCGPMNJL���LKOKCHNGMKGL\BCKMC]MAJDMLPKLWKMAOACGMKLFMKW]UNHKL\BLCGAKHNJL

PKLQGMCABALFKBHMNLOAKCGMKLDIAKCHAW_LL`BLCGUNJLCZBPLCDBPARAAJKLCDBCMKHKLPKL[GBHAKMLBNLCDMKQFNBPLCNLFMKWKPKMAJKLFMDAKCHNJNALPKLL

KdKCNRAKL SCDBPARAAL L JDCGJKL L PKL L GEFJGQGEKBHTL L PDHGMKGL L CDBQHMNCHDMNJNATL L QHMGHAOACGRAGL L HKMKBNJNATL L GFKJKLL

QNIHKMGBKTLFMKUKBRGLMKRKJKJDMLQGNLCDBQHMNCRAAJDMLQNIHKMGBKLKHC_^LKWKBHNGJKJKLEDPAOAC]MALGJKLFMKWKPKMAJDMLL

PABL CGAKHNJL PKL QGMCABAL QKL FDHL OGCKL PKL C]HMKL KdKCNHGBHTL PGML BNEGAL CNL GCDMPNJL FMDAKCHGBHNJNAL [AL

IKBKOACAGMNJNA_LLL��� !"�#$#%& %' !()%%

fKMBKJKLLQKLLKdKCNH]LLPABL% *+,--%*.%/01213.3,.%+4310.%2,%5+04.53.6,7%6,8/9*3.3%1:%/60.%,;5.<.311*+6%2,%4,%

.04*.-.0,:3=%fKMBKJKL QKL WDML KdKCNHGL PABL F]EZBHNMAL JAFQAHKL PKL FDHKBRAGJL PKL CDBHMGCRAKYNEOJGMKL [AL WDML OAL IABKL

CDEFGCHGHKL\BLQHGMHNMALPKLghLYLijCELVMDQAEK_LkQHKLABHKMUAQ]LODJDQAMKGLEGHKMAGJKJDMLPMKBGBHKLFKBHMNLFKMBKLABLUDBGLFGEGBHNMAJDMLQKBQAIAJKLJGLNEKUAMK_L

lDKQQNJLWGLOALGPNQLJGLNEAPAHGHKGLDFHAE]LPKLCDEFGCHGMK_LbDEFGCHGMKGLQKLWGLOGCKLCNLNBLEGALEKCGBACLSIMDGQC]^LQGNLCNLEGALPKLEZB]TLGHABVZBPNYQKLCKJLFNRABLDLVMKNHGHKLWDJNEAC]LGLF]EZBHNJNALNQCGHLPKLgTmjHXEn_L

oNL L QNBHL L GCCKFHGHKL L GJHKL L EGHKMAGJKMKL L WAUAIAJKpL L QDJL L WKVKHGJTM]P]CABATL L WKVKHGRAKTL L MKQHNMAL L PKL

EGHKMAGJKLPKLCDBQHMNCRAATLF]E\BHNMALGMVAJDGQKTLPKQKNMALABPNQHMAGJKTCDBHGEABGMKLCNLFMDPNQKLFKHMDJAKMKLQGNL

PKLCGBGJAUGMKLKHC_LL

qKGJAUGMKGL NBDML NEFJNHNMAL CDMKQFNBU]HDGMKL KQHKL CDBPAHADBGH]L PKL ODJDQAMKGL NBNALEGHKMAGJL GLC]MNAL

NEAPAHGHKLQ]LOAKLCNFMABQ]L\BHMKLJAEAHKJKLPKLrYmsLSIDJDW]BAQ^LQALmYgjsLSIGJGQHLYLBAQAFDQ^_LLL�>(&"�""%& %�>�'����! % %

tEKUAMKGLHKMKBNJNALPKLCDEFGCHGHLCNLCGBHAHGHKGLQNFJAEKBHGM]LPKLGF]LQKLWGLOGCKLBNEGALFMABLQHMDFAMKTL\BL

MKFMAUKL QNCCKQAWKTLFKLE]QNM]LCKLGFGLQKL ABOAJHMKGU]L \BL HKMKBTLFKL HDGH]LVMDQAEKGLQHMGHNJNAL PKLF]EZBHL CKL

HMKINAKL CDEFGCHGH_L bDEFGCHGMKGL WGL FNHKGL OAL KdKCNHGH]TL PKL MKVNJ]TL PNFGL HMKCKMKGL GL CZHKWGL DMKL PKL JGL

ABOAJHMGMKGLGFKAL\BLF]EZBHTL\BLONBCRAKLPKLBGHNMGLF]EZBHNJNAL[ALPKLQHGMKGLGHEDQOKMAC]LKdAQHKBH]_L

uGC]TL PABL CGNUGL FMKCAFAHGRAAJDML GHEDQOKMACKTL NEAPAHGHKGL F]EZBHNJNAL CKL HMKINAKL CDEFGCHGHL KQHKL EGAL

EGMKLPKCZHLCKGLDFHAE]TLQKLGEZB]LCDEFGCHGMKGLFZB]LCKLNEAPAHGHKGLQCGPKLJGLWGJDGMKGLCKMNH]TLJNZBPNYQKL

HDHDPGH]LE]QNMALPKLKWGCNGMKGLGFKJDMLPKLFMKCAFAHGRAALPABLVMDGFGLPKLONBPGRAKL[ALPKL\EFAKPACGMKGLNBNALBDNL

GFDMHL PKL GF]_L oNL QKL KdKCNH]L CDEFGCH]MAL FMABL IGHKMKL FKL HAEFL OMAVNMDQTL CZBPL KdAQH]L FKMACDJNJL QC]PKMAAL

HKEFKMGHNMAALQNILjDbTLQGNLCZBPLF]EZBHNJLKQHKL\BVcKRGH_LtEAPAHGHKGLF]EZBHNJNALCKLQKLCDEFGCHKGU]LHMKINAKLQ]LOAKLCZHLEGALGFMDFAGH]LPKLNEAPAHGHKGLPKLCDEFGCHGMK_LvIGHKMKGLEGdAE]LCKLQKLGPEAHKTLOGR]LPKLNEAPAHGHKGLDFHAE]LPKLCDEFGCHGMKTLKQHKLPKLnsLSCGLWGJDGMKLGIQDJNH]^_%

Page 2: 61429327-perne-loess

CGMGCHKMAQHACAJDMLPKLCDEFGCHGMK_L`BCKMCGMKGLfMDCHDM|L[ALFDGHKLOALGFMDdAEGH]LCNLODMENJGp%:DFHL}L:FL~LSg�n^sL%\BLCGMKp%�FLYLJAEAHGLABOKMADGM]LPKLFJGQHACAHGHKLGLF]EZBHNJNATLPKHKMEABGH]LCDBODMEL��v�Lg�gnXrY�mL|uKHKMEABGMKGLJAEAHKJDMLPKLFJGQHACAHGHK|_SPABLQHNPANJLVKDLg�Yijs^%

oL uGC]L�L�L�DFHTLCDEFGCHGMKGLPKWABKLCNLGHZHLEGALPAOACAJ]LCNLCZHLF]EZBHNJLKQHKLEGALGMVAJDQL[ALEGALNQCGH_%

oL uGC]L�L�L�DFHTLCDEFGCHGMKGLM]EZBKLABQNOACAKBH]_%oL uGC]LS�DFHLYL�^L�LnsTLGPNCKMKGLEGQKALPKLF]EZBHLJGLNEAPAHGHKGLDFHAE]LQKLFDGHKLOGCKLGP]NVZBPNYAL

DLCGBHAHGHKLPKLGF]L�:SEn^LCGJCNJGH]LCNLODMENJGpL%L

?@AB%;%C2%;D@+43E@F%;%GHDIJJC@F%\BLCGMKp%�L}LCDKOACAKBHLFKBHMNLCDEFKBQGMKGLFAKMPKMAJDMLPKLGF]LSFMABLKWGFDMGMKLKHC_^LGLC]MNALWGJDGMKLQKLAGLPKLg_g___gTihTL\BLONBCRAKLPKLGBDHAEF_%ùPL}LPKBQAHGHKGLF]EZBHNJNAL\BLQHGMKLNQCGH]LSVXCEn^%ù�|}LPKBQAHGHKGLGFKALSM:L}Lg^%�DFHL}LNEAPAHGHKGLDFHAE]LPKLCDEFGCHGMKL%:|}LNEAPAHGHKGLF]EZBHNJNALCKLHMKINAKLCDEFGCHGHL%ùL}LWDJNENJLPKLF]EZBHLCKLABHKMWABKL\BLCDEFGCHGMKLSEn^%tHAJGaKJKL ODJDQAHKL JGL CDEFGCHGMKGL CNL EGANJL VMKNL JNCMKGU]L FMABL AEFGCH_L fMABL QFDMAMKGL HMKFHGH]L GL \B]JRAEAAL PKL

C]PKMKL GL EGANJNAL VMKNL QKL MKGJAUKGU]L DL \BPKQGMKLFMKJAEABGM]TL E]MABPNYQKL GQHOKJL KOKCHNJL PKL CDEFGCHGMKL \BL

GPZBCAEK_L

bDBPARAAJKLPKLCGJAHGHKLPKOABAHAWKLFKLCGMKLHMKINAKLQ]LJKL\BPKFJABKGQC]LFKMBGLQKLWDMLQHGIAJAL\BLNMEGLNBKAL\BCKMC]MAL%

'!>��>!LLCDEFJKHTLLCGEGBPGH]LLNBNALLJGIDMGHDMLLGNHDMAUGH_LLqKUNJHGHKJKLL\BCKMC]MAJDMLLWDMLLOALGWAUGHKLDIJAVGHDMANL

PKLFMDAKCHGBHTLCGMKLWGLGWAUGLNEAPAHGHKGLDFHAE]LPKLCDEFGCHGMKLFKBHMNLHAFNJLPKLFKMB]LQHGIAJAH_L�MGPNJLBDMEGJLPKL

CDEFGCHGMKLGJLFKMBKALHMKINAKLQ]LOAKLPKLEABAELKL%M=%

$�"#�N %& %O(& P�! % %

fKBHMNL CDEFGCHGMKL QKL FDHL ODJDQAL NHAJGaKL HKMGQAKMKL PABL ABPACGHDMNJL PKL BDMEKL ��L g��rL QFKCAOACKL

EGHKMAGJKJDMLVMGBNJGMKLL

YL MNJDNL CDEFMKQDML WAIMGBHL HMGCHGHL PKL hThL HL BKHKPTL CDBODMEL GMH_L ��uL gg_LL

YLCDEFMKQDMLFKLFBKNMALQHGHACLGNHDFMDFNJQGBHLPKLgjLHLCDBO_GMH_L��uL�LL

`BLGIQKBHGLNHAJGaKJDMLEKBHADBGHKLQAL\BLCGUNJLIGJGQHNJNALBAQAFDQLSKdCKFHADBGJLIGJGQH^LQKLFDGHKLNHAJAUGLQAL

MNJDNJLCDEFMKQDMLQHGHACLGNHDFMDFNJQGHLLLPKLgjLYLgiLLLHDBKLCDBODMELGMH_L��uL�_LL

v[HKMBKMKGTLGEKQHKCGMKGLQALDEDVKBAUGMKGLEGHKMAGJNJNALQKLOGCKLCNLINJPDUKMNJLFKLHMGCHDMLCNL[KBAJK_LL

�NJPDUKMNJL QAL NBNJL PABL NHAJGaKJKL PKL CDEFGCHGMKL L L QKL ODJDQKQCL CDEIABGHL FKBHMNL MKGJAUGMKGL

QNCCKQAW]LGLDFKMGRANBAJDMLQFKCAOACGHKL\BLCGFLh_g_LL

fKBHMNL FKMBKJKL JDCGJKTL PKL CDEFJKHGMKTL MKOGCKMKL JDCGJ]L QGNL \BL QFGRAAL MKQHM\BQKL KHC_L NHAJGaKJKLWDML OAL

GPGFHGHKLQAHNGRAKALCDBCMKHKLFKBHMNLOAKCGMKLCGUL\BLFGMHKLTLFNH\BPLOALNHAJAUGHKLGJHKLNHAJGaKLPKLCGFGCAHGHKLEGALEAC]LTL

ABCJNQAWLFJGCGLWAIMGHDGMKLPGC]LBNLGOKCHKGU]LWKCAB]H]RAJK_LL'!>� P$#%� Q(>#>R"�%%

kdKCNHGMKGL NEFJNHNMAAL CDBQH]L PABL NME]HDGMKJKL DFKMGHANBAL pL YL

GQHKMBKMKGLEGHKMAGJNJNAL\BLQHMGHLCNLINJPDUKMNJLLYLNEKUAMKGLEGHKMAGJNJNALCNLONMHNBNJLQGNLGNHDCAQHKMBGLLYLCDEFGCHGMKGLFMDFMANUAQ]LGLOAKC]MNALQHMGHLCNLNBNJLPABLNHAJGaKJKLFMKWGUNHKLGBHKMADM_LL

fGMGEKHMAALABARAGJALGALCDEFGCH]MAALMKUNJH]L\BLONBCHAKLPKLBGHNMGLEGHKMAGJNJNALQALHAFNJLNHAJGaNJNAL_L`BL HGIKJNJLiL

QKLPGNLDMAKBHGHAWLpLL

YL VMDQAEKGL QHMGHNJNAL \BGABHKL PKL CDEFGCHGMKL SL PAL ^LL

YL VMDQAEKGL QHMGHNJNAL PNF]L CDEFGCHGMKL SL PCL ^LL

YLBNE]MNJLPKLHMKCKMALQNFMGFNQKLCNLNHAJGaNJLSLBL^LL�GIKJLiLL

oM_L tHAJGaNJL PAL PCL :%CMH_L oGHNMGLEGHKMAGJNJNAL CEL CELg_L qNJDNLCDEFMKQDMLWAIMGBHLHMGCHGHLSFH_HDGHKEGHKMAGJKJK^L hjLYLmjL nhLYLrhL rLYLmLi_L bDEFGCHDMLFKLFBKNMALQHGHACLGNHDLgjLH_L njLYLihL ihLYLnjL mLYL�L

SHDGHKLEGHKMAGJKJK^LLLL

Page 3: 61429327-perne-loess

HAB\BPL QKGEGL PKL VMKNHGHKGL WDJNEAC]L \BL QHGMKL NQCGH]L GL EGHKMAGJNJNAL GO\BGHTL GQHKMBNHL \BL QHMGHTL

PKHKMEABGH]LFKLQGBHAKM_LL

tEKUAMKGLEGHKMAGJNJNAL\BLCGUNJLC\BPLNEAPAHGHKGLGCKQHNAGLKQHKLQNILrLYLmLsLQKLWGLOGCKLLL\BLONBCHAKL

PKLWDJNENJLNEFJNHNMAJDMLTLCNLONMHNBNJLQGNLCNLGNHDCAQHKMBG_LLLO(� !�)!"%'! �#�S"# % %

`BLWKPKMKGLPKOABAHAW]MAALFGMGEKHMAJDMLCDEFGCH]MAALMKCDEGBPGHATLCDBQHMNCHDMNJLLFMABL%���LWGLLKdKCNHGLL

PABLHAEFL\BLLFMKUKBHGLLIKBKOACAGMNJNATLL\BCKMC]MAALLFMKGJGIAJKLLFKLLDLQNFMGOGH]LJAEAHGH]LCGMKLFDGHKLOAL\BCGPMGH]L

CcAGMLQAL\BLFMAENJLQHMGHLGJLFKMBKA_L�GHKMAGJNJTLMKQFKCHAWLNHAJGaKJKLWDMLOALGCKJKGLODJDQAHKLKOKCHAWLFKBHMNLMKGJAUGMKGL

FKMBKA_LL

fKBHMNL OAKCGMKL QKMAKL PKL \BCKMC]MAL FMKGJGIAJKL CDBQHMNCHDMNJL WGL MKGJAUGL PKHKMEAB]MAJKL ABPACGHKL ABL

CGFAHDJNJL�ùKMAOACGMKGLNEFJNHNMAJDM�LFKLEABAELnLFMDIKLPKLCDBHMDJ_LL

uKHKMEAB]MAJKLFMKUKBHGHKL WDML OAL \BGABHGHKLFMDAKCHGBHNJNALFKBHMNLPKOABAHAWGMKGLFMDCKQNJNALHKcBDJDVACL

PKLCDEFGCHGMKLQALGLCDBPAHAAJDMLPKLCGJAHGHKLGLNEFJNHNMAJDMLPABLFKMB]_LLLG !"T"��! �%��#"�)�""%$�'#$�$!"#>!% %

bDBHMDJNJL FKL QGBHAKML GJL CGJAH]HAAL NEFJNHNMAJDML CDBQH]L L L \BL WKMAOACGMKGL GHKBH]L GL VMGBNJDUAH]HAAL TL GL

EGHKMAGJNJNAL NHAJAUGHTL GL NEAPAH]HAAL TL GL VMDQAEAAL QHMGHNJNAL TL GL BNE]MNJNAL PKL HMKCKMAL QNFMGFNQKL CNL NHAJGaNJL PKL

CDEFGCHGMKL_LL

qKQFKCHGMKGLL \BHDCEGAL LGL LGCKQHDMLLKJKEKBHKL LWGL LGQAVNMGL LMKGJAUGMKGL LCDBPAHAAJDML LPKL LCDEFGCHGMKL

FMKQCMAQKLQALPKOABAHAWGHK_LLù�����������������������|

fKBHMNLWKMAOACGMKGLCDEFGCH]MAALFMABLCZBH]MAMKLQKLKdKCNH]LQDBPGaKLPKQCcAQKLPKLFMKJKWGMKLGLFMDIKJDMLPKL JGIDMGHDMTL PKL PAEKBQANBAL \BL FJGBL jT�jdgTjjL EL [AL PKL DL GPZBCAEKL KVGJ]L CNL VMDQAEKGL CDEFGCHGH]LFMKQCMAQ]TLFJNQLjThLE_%

oNE]MNJLQDBPGaKJDMLPKQCcAQKLCKLHMKINAKLKdKCNHGHKLQKLQHGIAJK[HKLGWZBPL\BLWKPKMKLCDBPARAAJKLGM]HGHKLJGLFCH_LfMDIKJKLQKLFMKJKWKGU]LPABLihL \BLihLCE�LFMAEGLFMDI]LQKL AGL JGLQNFMGOGR]_LuNF]LFMKJKWGMKGL HNHNMDMLFMDIKJDMTL QDBPGaNJL QKL GQHNF]�L CDEFGCHGMKGL QNCCKQAW]L GL QHMGHNMAJDML PKL ihL CEL VMDQAEKL QKL OGCKL CNLEGANJLEGBNGJ_%

bNLWGJDMAJKLPKBQAH]RAALF]EZBHNJNAL\BLQHGMKLNQCGH]TLPKHKMEABGHKLFKLFMDIKJKLFMKJKWGHKTLQKL\BHDCEKQCLPAGVMGEKJKLPKLWGMAGRAKL\BLGPZBCAEKLGLGCKQHKALE]MAEA_%

`BL FGMGJKJL CNL PAGVMGEKJKL \BHDCEAHKL QKL HMKCL FKBHMNL CDEFGMGRAKL [AL PAGVMGEKJKL GCKJKAG[AL E]MAEALDIRABNHKL PABL QDBPGaKJKL PKQCcAQKL KdKCNHGHKL \BL HKMKBNJL BGHNMGJL [AL CKJL CDEFGCHGHTL CNL DCGUAGL JNCM]MAJDML PKLCDEFGCHGMKLKdFKMAEKBHGJ]LSFCH_LhLvBKdGLi^_%

fKBHMNLCGMGCHKMAUGMKGLCGBHAHGHAW]LGLCDEFGCH]MAALUDBKALGOKMKBHKLNBNALQDBPGaLPKQCcAQTLQKLCGJCNJKGU]L

EKPAGLGMAHEKHAC]L SùPLEKPAN^LGL WGJDMAJDML PKBQAH]RAAL F]EZBHNJNAL \BL QHGMKLNQCGH]L SùP^L DIRABNHKLFKLFMDIKTLFKLGPZBCAEKGLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLFMKQCMAQ]LSO]M]LQFKMNJLPKLGPZBCAEKLPKLjThjLE^_%

bNLGCKGQH]LWGJDGMKLEKPAKLQKLCGJCNJKGU]LVMGPNJLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLSu^LCDBODMELMKJGRAKAp%uL}LùPLXLùPE%bDEFGCHGMKGLQKLCDBQAPKM]LINB]LCZBPLVMGPNJLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLMKGJAUGHLSu^LCDMKQFNBPKLWGJDMAJDMLABPACGHKLJGL

\BLHGIKJNJLi_%

�DBKJKL\BLCGMKLBNLQYGLMKGJAUGHLVMGPNJLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLFMKQCMAQKLWDMLOALCDEFGCHGHKLQNFJAEKBHGM_%

uNF]LMKCDEFGCHGMKLUDBKJKLMKQFKCHAWKLWDMLOALWKMAOACGHKLPABLBDN_%

`BLCGUNJLf�tLWGJDMAJKLVMGPNJNALPKLCDEFGCHGMKLSu^LCKLHMKINAKLQ]LOAKLMKGJAUGHLQNBHLCKJKLPABLHGIKJNJLi_%

fKBHMNL WKMAOAC]MAJKLPKLGPZBCAEKTLKJL MKFMKUABH]LEKPAGLGMAHEKHAC]LGL HNHNMDML WGJDMAJDMLE]QNMGHKLFKLWKMHACGJGL

FNBCHNJNA_%

L�GIKJNJLi%

oM_LCMH_L%

lNCM]MAL KdKCNHGHKL FMABL CDEFGCHGMKGLF]EZBHNMAJDMLQKBQAIAJKLJGLNEKUAMKL%

�MGPNJLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLuSs^SùPYLHXE

n^L%

�KPANL% EABAEL%

Page 4: 61429327-perne-loess

g_L% lNCM]MAJKL PKL CDEFGCHGMKL FKBHMNL ONBPGMKGLCJ]PAMAJDMLPKLJDCNAHL[ALQDCAGJYCNJHNMGJKL%

�hLLSg_mh^L%

�iLSg_mj^L%

i_L%lNCM]MAJKLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLBKCKQGMKLFKBHMNLONBPGMKGL DIAKCHAWKJDML ABPNQHMAGJKL CNLFMDCKQKLPKLOGIMACGRAKLNEKPKL%

��LLSg_�j^L%

�hLLSg_mh^L%

�BL CGUNJL QHGHAAJDML KJKCHMACKL QKL WGL GQAVNMGL NBL VMGPL PKL CDEFGCHGMKL PKL �hsTL CNL DL VMKNHGHKL

WDJNEKHMACGLPKLg_mhHXEC_L

ùKMAOACGMKGLJNCM]MAJDMTLFKBHMNLOAKCGMKLPABLFMDCKPKKJKLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLPKLQNFMGOGR]LQKLWGLOGCKL

FMABL CDEFGMGMKGL WGJDMAJDML MPL QGNL qPL DIRABNHKL FKL FMDIKL PKL F]EZBHTL PABL JNCMGMKTL MKQFKCHAWL PABL

QDBPGaKL MGPADEKHMACKL QGNL PKL FKBKHMGMKL QHGHAC]TL CNL WGJDMAJKL DIRABNHKL \BL CGPMNJL JNCM]MAJDML PKL

CDEFGCHGMKLKdFKMAEKBHGJ]TLJGL\BHDCEAMKGLPAGVMGEKJDMLKHGJDB_LLùKMAOACGMKGLFMABLQDBPGaKLPKLFKBKHMGMKLQHGHAC]L

ùKMAOACGMKGL JNCM]MAJDML PKL CDEFGCHGMKL QKL OGCKL \BL FNBCHKL QAHNGHKL \BL BDPNMAJKLNBKAL MKRKJKL CNL DCcANMAL MKVNJGHKTL

GQHOKJL\BCZHLQ]LKdAQHKLCKJLFNRABLDLWKMAOACGMKLJGLgjjLEi_L

�DBPGaNJLPKLFKBKHMGMKLQHGHAC]LQKLKOKCHNKGU]LFKLDLGPZBCAEKLKVGJ]LCNLVMDQAEKGLPKLCDEFGCHGMKLFMDAKCHGH]L

FJNQLjThLE_L

uKHKMEABGMKGLMKUAQHKBRKALJGLFKBKHMGMKLFKLCDBLSqF^LQKLOGCKLPABLijL\BLijLCE_L

bNLPGHKJKLDIRABNHKLPABLQDBPGaLQKL\BHDCEK[HKLPAGVMGEGLPKLFKBKHMGMKLQHGHAC]_L

fKBHMNLUDBGLGOKMKBH]LOAKC]MKALPAGVMGEKLPKLFKBKHMGMKLQHGHAC]TLCDEFGCHGMKGLHKMKBNJNALQKLWGLCDBQAPKMGLIABKL

KdKCNHGH]LPGC]LPAGVMGEGLDIRABNH]LQKLWGL\BQCMAKL\BLABHKMWGJNJLPKLQAVNMGBR]LSqFYQ^_L

ùGJDMAJKLEGALEGMALPKCZHLWGJDGMKGLEKPAKTLMKOJKCH]LDLCDEFGCHGMKLODGMHKLINB]LAGMLWGJDMAJKLEGALEACALPKCZHLSqFYQ^L

ABPAC]LUDBKJKLCKLWDMLOALCDEFGCHGHKLQNFJAEKBHGM_L

fMDIKJKLFKBHMNLCDBHMDJNJLCDEFGCH]MAALQKLMKCDJHKGU]LPABLVMDFALCNLPAGEKHMNJLEABAELQALGP\BCAEKGLPKLjTrL

ELQGNLKVGJ]LCNLVMDQAEKGLQHMGHNJNALKJKEKBHGMLCDEFGCHGH_LL

oNE]MNJLFMDIKJDMLFKBHMNLCDBHMDJNJLCDEFGCH]MAALMGUNJH]LPABLCDBPAHAGLC\HKLNBGLFMDI]LFKBHMNLOAKCGMKLQHMGHL

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Page 5: 61429327-perne-loess

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Page 6: 61429327-perne-loess

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