turismul-Şi-dezvoltarea-economicĂ

TURISMUL ŞI DEZVOLTAREA ECONOMICĂ

ECONOMIA

Turismul este un sector mai important decât industria autoturismelor şi industria electronicii

Contribuţia la Produsul Intern Brut – mld. $, euro

Locuri de muncă – sute de milioane de angajaţi

Export şi investiţii

Elasticitate faţă de crize şi catastrofe

Întrebări cheie• Care este contributia activitatilor turistice la

dezvoltarea economiei regiunii?

• Veniturile publice obtinute din activitatile turistice prin taxe, contributii directe si alte surse vor acoperi cheltuielile efectuate de autoritatile publice (Guvern, consiliile regionale, departamentale, locale) pentru infrastructura si alte servicii publice?

Întrebări cheie

• Se poate obtine profit din aceasta activitate?

• Cum va evolua numarul turistilor in zona ca urmare a modificarilor de pret, promotii, concurenta, calitate si cantitate.

• Care este impactul asupra mediului?

Impactul economic

http://www.tourismeconomics.com/services-economic-impact.php


ECONOMIA

Creator de milioane de locuri de muncă

Marea majoritate a afacerilor aparţin IMM

Un sfert din turismul internaţional se bazează pe turismul de afaceri

TSA

Tourisme Satellite Accounts

Economic Impact of Tourism

• Economic Impact…– WTTC - World Travel and Tourism Council– Tourism is growing twice as fast as world GNP– Look up the current statistics on tourism– http://www.wttc.org

Impactul economic al turismului

World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)

DIRECT CONTRIBUTION

The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP reflects the ‘internal’ spending on Travel & Tourism (total spending within a particular country on Travel & Tourism by residents and non-residents for business and leisure purposes) as well as government 'individual' spending - spending by government on Travel & Tourism services directly linked to visitors, such as cultural (eg museums) or recreational (eg national parks).

Travel & Tourism's contribution to GDP

7,7 miliarde lei – 1,4% PNB

Travel & Tourism's contribution to employment

435000 de angajati – 5,1 % din total angajati

Visitor Exports

Export (cheltuieli ale vizitatorilor straini) – 6,1 mld. lei

Investment

Capital investit (cheltuieli ale rezidentilor si non rezidentilor in Romania) – 9,4 mld. lei

TOTAL CONTRIBUTION

• The total contribution of Travel & Tourism includes its ‘wider impacts’ (ie the indirect and induced impacts) on the economy. The ‘indirect’ contribution includes the GDP and jobs supported by:

Travel & Tourism investment spending – an important aspect of both current and future activity that includes investment activity such as the purchase of new aircraft and construction of new hotels;

Government 'collective' spending, which helps Travel & Tourism activity in many different ways as it is made on behalf of the ‘community at large’ – eg tourism marketing and promotion, aviation, administration, security services, resort area security services, resort area sanitation services, etc;

Domestic purchases of goods and services by the sectors dealing directly with tourists - including, for example, purchases of food and cleaning services by hotels, of fuel and catering services by airlines, and IT services by travel agents.The ‘induced’ contribution measures the GDP and jobs supported by the spending of those who are directly or indirectly employed by the Travel & Tourism industry.


COMUNITATE

“Injecţie” directă de venituri în comunitatea locală

Susţinerea întreprinderilor locale Ameliorarea serviciilor publice Dezvoltarea infrastructurii Creşterea nivelului de trai Suport pentru regenerarea urbană şi rurală

Renaşterea identităţii culturale Susţinerea dezvoltării durabile Punerea în valoare a tradiţiilor Prezervarea patrimoniului


VIAŢA

Schimb de experienţă

Crearea mijloacelor de existenţă

Lupta contra sărăciei

Creşterea duratei de viaţă Creşterea veniturilor Creşterea avuţiei Facilitarea accesului Mai multe destinaţii Scăderea preţului biletelor

Multiplier Effect

• Multiplier Effect…– New money spent by tourists is then re-spent by

hotels and restaurants in the community for goods and services

=

Multiplicatorul lui Keynes

∆Y = K x ∆Exp

Defining the Economic Impact of Tourism

• Economic Impact of Tourism = # of Tourists * Ave. Spending per Visitor * Multiplier

• Where ‘# of tourists’ = numbers of tourists and ‘ave.’ = average

http://fama2.us.es:8080/turismo/turismonet1/economia%20del%20turismo/economia%20del%20turismo/economic%20impacts%20of%20tourism.pdf

Leakage

• Leakage occurs…– When money must be spent outside the

community for goods unavailable within the community

• Caribbean Islands… – Where do they get their milk, cheese, eggs, and

meat?

Enclavizarea turismului

• Transformarea unor zone în mod exclusiv în “insule ale relaxării şi distracţiei”. Uneori se mai foloseşte termenul “ghetto” (criticii conceptului)

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