Tema 1

1. SchemablocaprocesuluitehnologicdeobinereaNaNO3cristalizat:Solutie apoasa NaNO3

Concentrare prin evaporare

Racire pana la temperatura mediului (20C)

Filtrare

Solutia de filtrat

Cristalizare

NaNO3 pur

2. Ecuaiilecaracteristicealeproceselortehnologicecomponente:a) m sol NaNO315% = m H2O + m sol NaNO3 40%

b) m sol NaNO3 40% = m sol NaNO3 20% + m cristale

c) m sol NaNO3 20% + m cristale = m filtrat + m NaNO3 pur

3. Debituldeazotatdesodiucristalizat(kg/s)obinutlaieireadin instalaie,idebituldefiltrat(m3/s), unde instalaiaestealimentatcuun debitde50m3/hsoluie15%masiceNaNO3 :

10%...........1015 kg/m320%...........1030 kg/m3________________________________10%............15 kg/ m3(unitati)-pentru o unitate: /c= 15/10=1,515 %= 10%+(5x 1.5)= 1015+ 7.5= 1022.5 kg/m320C..........998 kg/m3 5 C..........1000 kg/m3__________________________________15C........... -2 kg/m3creste scade-pentru un grad: -2/15 ; la 10C= 1000- 5x 2/15

Debitul de NaNO3 cristalizat:d NaNO3 crist.= 50 m3/h x 15%= 50 m3/h x 1022.5 kg/m3= 51125 kg/h

d= 51125/3600= 14.2 kg/s

Debit de filtrat:

14.2.........100%x..............15 %

x= 14.2x15/ 100= 2.13 sol NaNO314.2 - 2.13= 12.07 H2O

solutia de 15% NaNO3 contine: 2.13 kg NaNO3 si 12.07 kg H2O

EVAPORARE:

2,13.............40%x.................100%

x= 5.32 kg sol. NaNO35.32 - 2.13= 3.19 kg H2O

m vapori(W) = 14.2 - 5.32= 8.88 kg/s

LA RECE:

3,19........... 80%x................ 20%y...............100%

x= 3.19x20/80= 0.79 kg NaNO3y=0.79x100/20= 3.98 solutie NaNO3

5.32 kg sol NaNO3 40% - 3.98 kg sol NaNO3 20%=1.34 kg cristale NANO3

debitul de filtrat: mV sol 20% NaNO3= 3.98 kg/h / 1030 kg/m3= 0.003864 m3/s4. Tabeldebilan:Nr. crt.MaterialeINTRATIESITUnitate de masura

1.Solutie diluata14.2_______Kg/s

2.Solutie conc._______5.32Kg/s

3.Umiditate (W)_______8.88Kg/s

TOTAL_______14.214.2Kg/s

6. Consumul specific si randamentul:

CS = kg sol 15%/ kg NaNO3 cristalizat= 14.2/ 1.34 = 10.59

= kg NaNO3 cristale/ kg NaNO3 sol 15%= 1.34/2.13= 0.62 %

5. Diagrama Sankey:NaNO3 15%

NaNO3 cristale1,34 kg

solutia de filtrat

FILTRARE

3,19 kg NaNO3

CRISTALIZARE

5,32Kg NaNO3

8,88 kg/s [W-vapori]

14,2 Kg NaNO3

CONCENTRARE PRIN EVAPORARE

RACIRE