engleza 4 ec bk course material

8/10/2019 Engleza 4 EC Bk Course Material

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UNIVERSITATEA Al.I.Cuza IAIFACULTATEA DE ECONOMIE I ADMINISTRAREA AFACERILOR DEPARTAMENTUL PENTRU NVAMNT LA DISTAN INVMNT CU FRECVEN REDUS

Lumini a Cocr Simona Mitocaru

LIMBA ENGLEZ IV

Mater al !e "tu! u #e$tru %$&'(')*$tul la ! "ta$('+ %$&'(')*$tul ,u -re,&e$('re!u"'

IASI /012

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1

MAR ETING !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

CHAPTER #

$INANCIAL INSTIT%TIONS AN& MONETAR' POLIC' (( ##

CHAPTER )

THE E%ROPEAN %NION (((((((((((((((( **

SAMPLE TESTS ((((((((((((((((((((!!! +,

E' TO SAMPLE TESTS (((((((((((((((( +-

BIBLIOGRAPH' (((((((((((((((((((( +.

APPEN&I/ ((((((((((((((((((((((( -,

/


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CHAPTER 1MAR ETING

LEARNING OB4ECTIVES

A-ter rea! $4 t7 " ,7a#ter B9u "79ul!; $9J )9re a39ut t7e relat 9$"7 # 3uBer@"u##l er $ ter)" 9- !9)e"t , a$! $ter$at 9$al

)ar et $4 !e&el9# a 499! ,9))a$! 9- t7e "#e, - , la$4ua4e u"e! $ t7e )ar et $4 ! ",9ur"e

A! INTRO&%CTION

Pr 56u 2tion2a. K7at !9 B9u $9J a39ut $ter$at 9$al )ar et $4 3. 9J J9ul! B9u !e",r 3e t7e ,9")9#9l ta$ ,9$"u)er 3e7a& 9r

1! R a0 t7 t 8t to an29 r t7 :o33o9in; 3ura3:orm!

P3ura3 :ormation ru3 E8am>3 2 :rom t7 t 8t E8am>3 2 o: ?our o9nS4. Q s

S4. $@ s +es S4. $@ch +es

S4. $ sh +esS4. $ x +es S4. $ y +(I)esS4. $ y + sS4. $ f + ( )es!g" $ f + sS4. $o + sS4. $o + es69rr9Je! #lural"Fr9) Fre$,7S4. $ee + sFr9) Lat $Fr9) =ree Sa)e -9r) $ "4. a$! #l.

Irre4ular -9r)"S4. QenV9Jel ,7a$4e


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)! $in0 t7 >3ura3 :orm o: t7 :o33o9in; noun2 an0 u2 t7 m in 2 nt nc 2 o: ?ouro9n!

a. ,r ter 9$ 3. ,9)) ttee,. )er,7a$! "e!. )9$eBe. #artB-. t7e" "4. #7e$9)e$9$7. ,9)#a$B

. ,r " "

:. 49&er$)e$t. $9Jle!4e

*! Tran23at into Romanian o: 9or02 in t7 =o8= 3o9ai;n!

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Tar; t cu2tom r2 M 22a; %SP %ni6u S 33in; Pro>o2ition : atur 2 t7at 0i:: r ntiat t7 a02

A>> a3 P r2ua2i n 22 Cr 0i=i3it?

Ea"t)a$ W9!a t99 t7e re"#9$" 3 l tB -9r t7e #9#ular "at 9$ 9- #79t94ra#7B J7 ,7u$t l t7e$ 7a! 3ee$ t7e #r & le4e 9- #r9-e"" 9$al" 9r Jealt7B a)ateur". A" #79t94ra#7BJa" u te $eJ t9 t7e ) !!le ,la"" t9 J79) t7e W9!a a!&ert " $4 ,a)#a 4$ a##eale!t7e a!" al"9 "er&e! t9 tea,7 #e9#le 79J t9 u"e #79t94ra#7B a$! a39ut t7e r9le t ,9ul!

#laB $ !9,u)e$t $4 t7e r l &e"; t7e ,a)era J9ul! 3e $e


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CHAPTER #$INANCIAL INSTIT%TIONS AN& MONETAR' POLIC'

LEARNING OB4ECTIVESA-ter rea! $4 t7 " ,7a#ter B9u "79ul!;

$9J )9re a39ut 3a$ $4 $ B9ur ,9u$trB a$! a3r9a! -a) l ar ze B9ur"el&e" J t7 ! --ere$t )9$etarB #9l , e" lear$ a$! #ra,t "e B9ur &9,a3ularB a$! "#e, - , "tru,ture" u"e! $ t7e la$4ua4e 9- 3a$ $4 a$! - $a$,e

SECTION A INTRO&%CTION

Pr 56u 2tion2

a. Na)e at lea"t t7ree tB#e" 9- - $a$, al $"t tut 9$" t7at B9u $9J 9- a$! "#ea a39utt7e r r9le $ a ,9u$trB " e,9$9)B

3. K7at "er& ,e" !9 3a$ " u"uallB #r9& !e -9r ,u"t9)er",. 9J 7a" t7e R9)a$ a$ 3a$ $4 "B"te) ,7a$4e! $ t7e la"t 8@ Bear"!. K7at !9 B9u u$!er"ta$! 3B t7e )9$etarB #9l ,B 9- a ,9u$trB+49&er$)e$t = &e

e


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-. T7r9u47 t7e "t9, e


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a$! -lat" t79u47 t7at " ,7a$4 $4 . U$t l re,e$tlB t7eB 7a&e $9t 49$e $ -9r )9$eBtra$") "" 9$ 3ut t7at t99 " ,7a$4 $4.

Pension funds #r9& !e $,9)e t9 l &e 9$ a-ter ret re)e$t. =e$erallB #e9#le 7a&et9 ,9$tr 3ute t9 t7e) J7 le t7eB are "t ll J9r $4. T7ere " a ,9)#ul"9rB 49&er$)e$t",7e)e u$!er J7 ,7 ,9$tr 3ut 9$" are #a ! t9 t7e 49&er$)e$t -9r a "tate #e$" 9$ . 6ut9-te$ t7e - r) #e9#le J9r -9r 7a" t" 9J$ #e$" 9$ ",7e)e a$! e)#l9Bee" ,a$ u"e t7at@e t7er $"tea! 9- t7e "tate ",7e)e 9r a" Jell. T7e lar4e"t 9- t7e"e #r &ate ",7e)e" aret79"e 9- t7e 3 4 #u3l , ut l t e" ra lJaB" #9"t 9-- ,e ,9al ) $e" 3ut t7ere are al"9$u)er9u" #r &ate - r)" J t7 ",7e)e". T7ere " al"9 t7e #9"" 3 l tB 9- ta $4 9ut a #er"9$al #e$" 9$ #la$ t7e ,9$tr 3ut 9$" t9 J7 ,7 are all9Je! a4a $"t $,9)e ta


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9r l9a$" J7 ,7 $! & !ual" )aB 3uB. T7e "t9, e


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9- 49l!. K7e$ t7 " ,e$tral re"er&e Ja" !raJ$ 9$ 7ea& lB t7e 6a$ ra "e! t7e rate 9- $tere"t t ,7ar4e! t7e 9t7er 3a$ " J7e$ t7eB 39rr9Je!. T7 " ! ",9ura4e! t7e) -r9)

39rr9J $4 t99 )u,7 a$! !reJ $ 49l! -r9) a3r9a! t7u" #r9te,t $4 t" 9J$ re"er&e 9- 49l!. T7e 9t7er 3a$ " t99 t9 ,7ar4 $4 t7e r 9J$ ,u"t9)er" t7e "a)e rate 9- $tere"t #lu"a )ar4 $ a$! &arB $4 t7e r 9J$ rate J t7 t7e 3a$ " rate J7 ,7 ,a)e t9 3e ,alle! 6a$ Rate . T7e 3a$ t7u" 3e,a)e t7e 39!B t7at - 7 #T7e 6a$ 9- E$4la$! " 9$e 9- t7e 9l!e"t ,e$tral 3a$ " a$! J7at t $9J !9e"

4reJ 9ut 9- t" 7 "t9rB. It Ja" -9u$!e! $ 1 8 t9 le$! )9$eB t9 t7e $eJ Dut,7 W $4K ll a) J79 $ee!e! )9$eB t9 - 47t a Jar. It Ja" $ e--e,t a 4r9u# 9- 3a$ er" J79 -elt)9re ,erta $ 9- 4ett $4 t7e r )9$eB 3a, - t7eB le$t a" a 4r9u#. T7 " llu"trate" t7e -a,tt7at a $4 9r 49&er$)e$t 9-te$ $ee!" t7e "u##9rt 9- C tB 3a$ er" a$! " t9 "9)e e7 )

Or 4 $allB t7e l9,al 3a$ " ea,7 ""ue! t7e r 3a$ $9te". T7at #r93a3lB )a!e t7e 3a$ $4 "B"te) )9re r " B a$! 9$e 9- t7e t7 $4" t7e 6a$ 9- E$4la$! ! ! Ja" t9 ee# a$eBe 9$ 79J Jell t7e l9,al 3a$ " )a$a4e! #r $, #allB 3B )a $4 "ure t7e l9a$" t7eB)a!e Jere t9 re#uta3le 39rr9Jer". N9Ja!aB" t7e 6a$ 9- E$4la$! 7a" t7e "9le r 47t t9

""ue $9te" $ E$4la$! a$! Kale" T7e S,9tt "7 a$! N9rt7er$ Irela$! 3a$ " 7a&e l ) te!r 47t". 9Je&er )9"t )9$eB $9Ja!aB" ,9$" "t" 9- 3a$ !e#9" t" a$! t7e 3a$ " are &erB)u,7 $ t7e 3u" $e"" 9- a,,e#t $4 !e#9" t" a$! )a $4 l9a$" 9ut 9- t7e) "9 t7eB 7a&el9"t $9t7 $4 )#9rta$t.

)! In ;rou>2 0ra9 a com>ari2on = t9 n T7 Ban o: En;3an0 an0 BancaNa iona3 a Romni i T7 Nationa3 Ban o: Romania in t rm2 o:air2 :in0 t7 6u 2tion2 :or t7 :o33o9in; an29 r2a?m nt2! Matc7 t7 >7ra2 2 on t7 3 :t

9it7 t7 :i;ur 2 on t7 ri;7t!1 Ke "#ea 9- a 4r9"" #r9- t 9- 1 G a. $ $e - &e "e&e$ "tr9 e tJe$tB -9ur M./. T7e $tere"t ,7ar4e" J ll 3e 9- ] .80 3. t7e "e&e$tee$t7 9- Au4u"t $ $etee$

$ $etB "e&e$2. [9u J ll 4et a$ a$$ual $tere"t rate 9- /. G

,. " o: 9or02 8tract 0 :rom t7=o8 = 3o92 0i2cu22 t7 :o33o9in; i22u 2 con2i0 rin; t7 :inancia3 r a3iti 2 o: ?ourcountr? in com>ari2on 9it7 t7o2 2tat 0 a=o a=out t7 Ban o: 4a>an!

a. T7e r9le 9- t7e e


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INFO CELL $ANKING AN% MONETAR& 'OLIC&

$ANKING is the business of accepting de"osits and !ending money. It can becarried out by some other (inancia! intermediaries that perform thefunctions of securing deposits and making !oans.' $ANK is an organisation that offers a wide range of services to do withthe handling of money. $hey keep money on behalf of their customers, lendit to them, and offer them various services.' CENTRAL $ANK in a country i.e., $he (ank of )ngland $he (ank of'merica, and $he *ational (ank of +omania" is the banker for thegovernment, issuing mone) on its behalf and setting the chief interest ratefor loans it is much involved in the countrys monetary policy.$he MONETAR& 'OLIC& is the central government policy with respect to

the -uantity of money in the economy, the rate of interest and the e*c+angerate .

1#! Matc7 t7 t rmD>7ra2 1 #, 9it7 t7 ri;7t 0 :inition a t ara;ra>7 a=out a =an in; 2 r ic or >ro0uct u2in; t n o: t7t rm2 a=o !

1)! R a0 t7 :o33o9in; t 8t an0 :i33 in t7 =3an 2 9it7 t rm2 :rom t7 =o83 t t7 ta=3 = 3o9 u2in; >r iou2 in:ormation on c ntra3 an0 0om 2tic=an 2>ro>riat =an :or t7:o33o9in; :our > o>3 ! E8>3ain ?our c7oic 7ra2 27a a3r a0? = n intro0uc 0 :or ?ou!

Pr9 " C9$ "

I t9tallB a4ree J t7 t7e !ea t7at

I t7 $ t7e aut79r " r 47t J7e$ 7e "aB" .

6B a$! lar4e Je 7a&e t7e "a)e 9# $ 9$9$

I ,a$ t a4ree )9re J t7 t7e aut79r J7e$7e "aB"..Et,.

I ) a-ra ! I !9$ t 7a&e t7e "a)e 9# $ 9$9$ ..I ,a$ t a4ree J t7 t7e "tate)e$t t7at .

I !9$ t t7 $ 7e ,9$" !ere! t7e J79le)atter 9- .

I$ )B 9# $ 9$ t " 9ut 9- t7e ue"t 9$ t9"aB t7at ..

#!=! & =at ! In ;rou>2 o: ) 0i2cu22 t7 artic3 a=o con2i0 rin; t7 :o33o9in; car02 an0ta=3 !

Student A

[9u a4ree J t7 t7e !ea 9- a -9r)al ,9$"t tut 9$ -9r t7e EU a$! t7 $ t7at re-ere$!u)"are $9t $e,e""arB at t7 " "ta4e. [9u 7a&e a$ 9#t ) "t , & eJ 9$ t7e )atter $,lu! $4a39ut t7e #9" t 9$ 9- R9)a$ a $ t7e ,9$te


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Student C

[9u ,are-ullB 93"er&e B9ur ,9llea4ue" $ t7e r !e3ate a$! e&aluate t7e r #er-9r)a$,e 9$ a",ale -r9) 1 t7e #99re"t t9 10 t7e 7 47e"t -9ll9J $4 t7e ,r ter a -r9) t7e ta3le 3el9J;

E*aluation Ta(le

Student A Student B

Fluency in English

Accuracy in EnglishLo;ica3 >r 2 ntation o:ar;um nt2P r2ua2i 6ua3iti 2 an0a>>ro>riat attitu0 o: t72> a r

)! Tran23at t7 :o33o9in; t 8t into Romanian 9or !Sear,7 t7e I$ter$et a$! 9t7er "9ur,e" t9 - $! t7e late"t ""ue" 9$ t7e EU a$! ,9)#letea - le -9r ea,7 9- t7e -9ll9J $4 "u3:e,t";F le 1@ "t9rB Me)3er State" Treat e"

8


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F le /@ Lea!er"7 #F le 2@ Le4 "lat 9$F le 8@ Ca"e Stu! e" ,9$,er$ $4;

a. =er)a$B a$! Fra$,e 3. P9rtu4al a$! S#a $,. SJe!e$ a$! F $la$!

INFO CELL

$he origins of the )! can be tracked back to the early =>?@s but its

principal (ounding treat) is the Treat) o( Rome =>?:", which established

the EEC $he )uropean )conomic Community". $he )! was intended to unite

the peoples of )urope and to create a common market between its mem2er

states . tarting with A member states, the )! has gradually eBpanded to =?

members. /urther en!argement is taking place especially in order to

encompass some of the former communist countries from )astern )urope.

Economic integration within the )! has led to the creation of the sing!e

Euro"ean market and the introduction of a sing!e currenc) euro". $his large

competitive market should act as an incentive to efficiency and innovation ,

prompting the reorganisation of companies, industries and markets. $here

has been a wave of mergers and a!!iances since the late => @s, reflecting not

only global trends but also the res+a"ing of the )! 2usiness environment .

T+e E5 +as a num2er o( policies t+at a((ect t+e activit) o( 2usiness

(irms6 covering7

8


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'griculture

)ducation

Immigration

Industry

;egislation

Monetary and fiscal policy

+egional and social policy

ervices

$rade

$ransport

"! COMPREHENSION CHEC u=3ic circu3ation-! to >ut ;! t7 con0uct o: t7 mon tar?

>o3ic?! to r ac7 7! t7 0a?5to50a? a0mini2tration

.! to 2u> r i2 i! t7 i22u o: uro5not 2 an0coin2

1,! to ta ! t7 3a9D a ru3

INFO CELL7 T+e E5 Constitution %ra(t and Its 'ream2!e


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Constitution is a set o( rig+ts6 "o3ers and "rocedures t+at regu!ate

t+e re!ations+i"s 2et3een "u2!ic aut+orities in an) state6 and 2et3een

"u2!ic aut+orities and t+e individua! citi=ens E5 is a vo!untar) association 3+ic+ does not en(orce

mem2ers+i"?

5A "erson instead o( a countr) 3i!! +o!d t+e E5 "residenc) (or t3o>

and>a>+a!( )ears

> T+e Euro"ean Commission 3i!! sti!! +ave one commissioner "er

countr) > @ in tota! 3+en t+e ne3 mem2ers Boin > 2ut at an) one

time on!) / 3i!! +ave voting rig+ts?

> Euro"e attem"ts at a sing!e (oreign "o!ic) and eventua!!) a sing!e

de(ence "o!ic)> It 3i!! inc!ude t+e E5 s C+arter o( Fundamenta! Rig+ts

engleza 4 ec bk course material

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