Calcule1.CALCULUL LA TRACTIUNE AL AUTOVEHICULULUIAutoturism cu motor MAS-73kW/52001.1 Parametri geometrici ai autovehicululuiDIMENSIUNI[mm]Ampatament (L)2578Ecartamentul fata (B1)1536Ecartamentul spate (B2)1517Lungime totala (A)4238Latime totala (D)1765Inaltime totala (H)1421MASE[kg]Greutate Proprie (G0)1205Greutate Utila (Gu)560Nr. Persoane5Greutate Persoane (Gp)300Greutate Bagaje (Gb)100Greutate Totala (Ga)17651.2 Repartizarea greutatii pe puntiFata0,51Spate0,49Distributia greutatii pe puntiPunte fata (G1) [N]0,51*Ga*10G1=9001.5Punte spate (G2) [N]0,49*Ga*10G2=8648.51.3 Alegerea pneurilor si determinarea razei de rulareSe adopta:Pneuri 165SR15Jenti 5Jx 15Latime sect. max (B)165mm=(0.945 - 0,960)0.945Diametrul exterior (D)646mmRaza Statica (Rs)295mmRaza Dinamica (Rr)305mmPresiune aer - fata2.1daN/cm2- spate2.00daN/cm2Viteza maxima180km/h1.4 Calculul caracteristicii externe a motoruluiPuterea motoruluiP [W]74000Turatian [rot/min]5200AmpatamentulL [m]2.578EcartamentulB2 [m]1.517Inaltime TotalaH [m]1.421Latime TotalaD [m]1.765GreutateaGa [N]17650Raza rotii motoareRn [mm]305Aria supraf frontaleS [m]3.008065Coef. de rez. aerodinamicaK [kg/m]0.19Unghiul rampei maxime10Coef. de rez. la rularef0.012Coef. de aderenta0.8Randamentul transmisieitr0.92Coef. de elasticitatec0.3Coef. de adaptabilitatek1.25Coef. aerodinamicCx0.31Cunoasterea caracteristicii externe a motorului este necesara pentru efectuarea calculului detractiune si pentru studierea performantelor autovehiculuilui.In cazul in care nu se cunoaste caracteristica exterioara determinata experimental,aceasta poate ficalculata cu ajutorul relatiilor de mai jos:Coeficientii alfa1=0.752=1.53=-1.251+2+3=1Putere MaximaPe74000[W]Turatia Puterii Maximenn5200[rot/min]Momentul maximMM163.08[N*m]Turatia Momentului MaximnM3120[rot/min]n(rot/min)Pe(kW)Me(N*m)c(g/kW)C(kg/h)100014.12134.85387.755.48110015.83137.45380.426.02120017.58139.92373.696.57130019.37142.27367.517.12140021.18144.50361.867.67150023.03146.60356.688.21160024.89148.57351.948.76170026.78150.42347.629.31180028.68152.14343.699.86190030.59153.73340.1210.40200032.50155.20336.9010.95210034.42156.55334.0011.50220036.34157.77331.4212.05230038.26158.86329.1412.59240040.17159.83327.1513.14250042.06160.67325.4413.69260043.94161.39323.9914.24270045.79161.98322.8114.78280047.63162.44321.8915.33290049.43162.78321.2215.88300051.20162.99320.8016.43310052.94163.08320.6216.97312053.28163.08320.6217.08320054.63163.04320.7017.52330056.28162.88321.0218.07340057.89162.59321.5918.62350059.44162.18322.4119.16360060.93161.64323.4919.71370062.37160.97324.8320.26380063.74160.18326.4320.81390065.04159.26328.3121.35400066.27158.22330.4821.90410067.42157.05332.9422.45420068.50155.76335.7023.00430069.49154.34338.7923.54440070.40152.79342.2224.09450071.21151.12346.0024.64460071.93149.32350.1625.19470072.54147.40354.7325.73480073.06145.35359.7326.28490073.46143.18365.1926.83500073.76140.88371.1527.38510073.94138.45377.6527.92520074.00135.90384.7428.471.5 Stabilirea vitezei maxime a autovehicululuiViteza maxima se determina din conditia functionarii motorului dupa caracteristicaexterna (sarcina maxima).Pvmax=P (pt. M.A.C.)=W74000.00A=370.58B=119118.37Vmax=[m/s]45.44Vmax=[km/h]163.581.6 Determinarea raportului de transmitere al transmisieiValoarea raportului de transmitere al transmisiei principale ale autocisternei (i) se determinadin conditia realizarii vitezei maxime in priza directa a cutiei de viteze, pe drum orizontal de calitatefoarte buna.Raportul de transmitere al transmisiei principale :Raza dinamicaRd0.305mTuratia vitezei maximenvmax5200rot/minRaportul din CV pentru Vmaxikvmax1Raportul din reductoriCDN1Viteza maximaVmax45.44m/si03.66Coeficientul rezistentei totale:max=0.191.7 Determinarea rapoartelor de transmitere din cutia de vitezePresupunem ca valorile rapoartelor de transmitere ale cutiei de viteze, formeaza oprogresie geometrica.Calculul raportului de transmitere din treapa IRaportul de transmitere in prima treapta din cutia de viteze se calculeaza din conditia invingeriipantei maxime (max), neglijand forta de rezistenta a aerului care este neinsemnata din cauzavitezei reduse. Urcarea pantei maxime are loc la valoarea maxima a momentului motor.Coeficientul de aderenta: =0.8Coeficientul schimbarii dinamice a reactiunilor la puntea motoare:m =1.21.824.62Raportul de transmitere pentru treapta Iik1=3.15Determinarea celorlalte rapoarte din cutia de vitezeCunoscand rapoartele de transmitere din prima treapta icvI si la penultima treaptain priza directa icvVI se trece la determinarea rapoartelor de transmitere intermediare.Pentru aceasta se considera ca motorul lucreaza tot timpul pe caracteristica externa,adica la admisie totala.Numarul de trepte din cutia de viteze :i=5Ratia geometrica:1.3322.3641.7751.3321.000Determinarea vitezelor corespunzatoare treptelor de vitezaTuratia limita inferioara de schimbare a treptei:3903.24Se adopta turatia limita inferioara de schimbare a treptelor de viteza n1 :n1=3903.24Viteza minima a treptei de viteza:Viteza maxima a treptei de viteza:Puterea la roata:Momentul la roata:Forta la roata:Factorul dinamic:Acceleratia :Coeficientii maselor de rotatie corespunzatori treptelor de viteza alese se vor calcula cu relatia:Se adopta: Momentul de inertie al motorului Im :Momentul de inertie al rotilor autovehiculului Ir :Treapta de vitezaRap.trans. IkViteza [m/s]Viteza [km/h]13.152.99414.42551.92922.3642.92119.21769.18131.7752.88025.58892.11841.3322.85734.089122.72251.0002.84445.438163.5762. PERFORMANTELE AUTOTURISMULUIPerformantele reprezinta posibilitatile maxime ale autoturismului in privinta vitezei,demarajului si capacitatii de franare, precum si indicii de apreciere ai acestora.Caracteristica fortei la roataCaracteristica fortei la roata sau caracateristica de tractiune reprezinta curbele de variatieale acesteia in functie de viteza autoturismului Fr=f(v) pentru fiecare treapta a cutieide viteze utilizate.Me - momentul efectiv al motoruluiitr - raportul de transmitere al transmisieitr - randamentul transmisieir - raza dinamica a rotii Caracteristica dinamica a autovehicululuiForta de tractiune disponibila excedentara: Fe=Fr-Rd , care se utilizeaza la invingerearezisetntelor drumului si rezistentei la demarare, caracterizeaza dinamicitateaautoturismului, dar nu poate fi folosita ca indice de comparatie pentru autoturismuluide greutati diferite, deoarece la valori egale ale fortei excedentare Fe, calitatile dinamiceal unui autoturism cu greutate mai mica sunt superioare celor ale unuiautototurism cu greutate totala mai mare.3 Acceleratia si inversul eiAcceleratia autoturismului caracterizeaza in general, calitatile lui dinamice,deoarece, in conditii egale, cu cat este mai mare cu atat creste viteza medie de exploatare.Valoarea acceleratiei autoturismului se poate determina cu ajutorul caracteristicii dinamice.turatia limita inf de schimbare a treptei n1=n/q=3903.2440395018se adopta turatia lim inf de scimb a treptelor de vitteza3903.24nv1v2v3v4v5390310.82714.90319.85426.45035.238400011.09614.78219.69326.23634.952410011.37315.15220.18626.89235.826420011.65115.52120.67827.54836.700430011.92815.89121.17028.20437.574440012.20616.26121.66328.86038.447450012.48316.63022.15529.51539.321460012.76017.00022.64730.17140.195470013.03817.36923.14030.82741.069480013.31517.73923.63231.48341.943490013.59318.10824.12432.13942.816500013.87018.47824.61732.79543.690510014.14718.84725.10933.45144.564520014.42519.21725.60134.10745.438530014.70219.58726.09434.76346.312540014.98019.95626.58635.41947.185550015.25720.32627.07836.07448.059nPeMevFrDa0,9*vmax468049.430740071710140.894362.42393950540.013120.0461326771TuratiaPutereMomentTreapta ITreapta IITreapta IIITreapta IVTreapta VnPeMeViteza IFrDaViteza IIFrDaViteza IIIFrDaViteza IVFrDaViteza VFrDa[rot/min][kW][N*m][m/s][N]-[m/s2][m/s][N]-[m/s2][m/s][N]-[m/s2][m/s][N]-[m/s2][m/s][N]-[m/s2]100014.120134.8482.7744683.3650.265100.845363.6963515.4460.198730.639254.9232638.7770.148720.474716.5591980.7290.110830.345928.7381486.7830.081760.24531110015.832137.4493.0514773.6990.270160.862284.0653583.2520.202480.652085.4162689.6750.151440.484157.2152018.9340.112700.352479.6121515.4600.082870.24919120017.582139.9253.3294859.6680.274980.878364.4353647.7830.206040.664255.9082738.1130.154000.493057.8712055.2930.114440.3585610.4861542.7520.083850.25263130019.367142.2743.6064941.2730.279540.893594.8043709.0380.209400.675756.4002784.0920.156410.501418.5272089.8060.116050.3641911.3591568.6580.084700.25562140021.183144.4983.8845018.5150.283850.907985.1743767.0170.212560.686596.8932827.6130.158670.509249.1832122.4740.117120.3679412.2331593.1790.085420.25816150023.026146.5974.1615091.3930.287900.921535.5433821.7210.215530.696767.3852868.6750.160770.516539.8382153.2960.118870.3740513.1071616.3150.086010.26025160024.891148.5694.4385159.9060.291710.934245.9133873.1490.218310.706267.8772907.2780.162710.5232710.4942182.2720.120080.3782813.9811638.0650.086480.26188170026.776150.4174.7165224.0560.295260.946116.2823921.3010.220890.715108.3702943.4220.164500.5294911.1502209.4030.121150.3820514.8551658.4300.086820.26307180028.675152.1384.9935283.8420.298560.957136.6523966.1780.223280.723288.8622977.1080.166130.5294911.8062234.6880.122100.3853615.7281677.4100.087030.26381190030.586153.7345.2715339.2640.301610.967317.0224007.7790.225470.730799.3543008.3340.167610.5402912.4622258.1270.122910.3882116.6021695.0040.087110.26410200032.503155.2045.5485390.3210.304400.976657.3914046.1040.227470.737639.8473037.1020.168930.5448913.1182279.7210.123590.3905917.4761711.2130.087060.26394210034.424156.5485.8255437.0150.306950.985147.7614081.1530.229280.7438110.3393063.4110.170100.5489513.7742299.4690.124140.3925018.3501726.0370.086890.26333220036.344157.7676.1035479.3460.309240.992798.1304112.9270.230890.7493210.8313087.2610.171120.5524714.4302317.3720.124550.3939619.2241739.4750.086590.26226230038.260158.8606.3805517.3120.311280.999608.5004141.4260.232300.7541711.3243108.6530.171980.5554515.0862333.4290.124840.3949520.0981751.5280.086160.26075240040.166159.8286.6585550.9140.313061.005578.8694166.6480.233520.7583511.8163127.5860.172680.5578915.7422347.6400.124990.3954720.9711762.1950.085600.25879250042.060160.6706.9355580.1520.314601.010709.2394188.5950.234550.7618612.3083144.0600.173230.5598016.3972360.0060.125000.3955421.8451771.4770.084910.25638260043.938161.3867.2125605.0270.315881.014989.6084207.2670.235380.7647112.8013158.0750.173620.5611617.0532370.5260.124890.3951422.7191779.3740.084100.25352270045.794161.9767.4905625.5370.316911.018429.9784222.6620.236020.7668913.2933169.6310.173860.5619917.7092379.2010.124640.3942723.5931785.8850.083160.25021280047.627162.4417.7675641.6840.317691.0210210.3484234.7820.236460.7684113.7853178.7290.173940.5622818.3652386.0300.124260.3929424.4671791.0110.082090.24645290049.431162.7818.0455653.4660.318211.0227710.7174243.6270.236710.7692614.2783185.3670.173870.5620419.0212391.0130.123750.3911525.3401794.7510.080890.24224300051.202162.9948.3225660.8850.318491.0236911.0874249.1950.236770.7694514.7703189.5470.173650.5612519.6772394.1500.123110.3889026.2141797.1060.079570.23758310052.938163.0828.5995663.9400.318511.0237611.4564251.4880.236630.7689715.2623191.2680.173270.5599320.3332395.4420.122330.3861827.0881798.0760.078110.23247312053.280163.0858.6555664.0270.318481.0236711.5304251.5540.236580.7688015.3613191.3180.173170.5596020.4642395.4790.122160.3855827.2631798.1040.077810.23139320054.633163.0448.8775662.6300.318281.0229911.8264250.5050.236290.7678315.7553190.5310.172730.5580720.9892394.8890.121420.3830027.9621797.6600.076530.22691330056.284162.8819.1545656.9570.317791.0213712.1954246.2470.235760.7660216.2473187.3340.172040.5556721.6452392.4890.120380.3793528.8361795.8590.074820.22090340057.886162.5929.4325646.9200.317061.0189112.5654238.7130.235040.7635416.7393181.6790.171190.5527322.3012388.2440.119210.3752529.7091792.6730.072990.21444350059.437162.1779.7095632.5190.316071.0156112.9354227.9030.234120.7604017.2323173.5650.170190.5492522.9562382.1540.117900.3706730.5831788.1010.071020.20753360060.931161.6379.9865613.7540.314831.0114713.3044213.8180.233010.7565917.7243162.9920.169030.5452423.6122374.2170.116460.3656431.4571782.1440.068930.20017370062.366160.97110.2645590.6260.313341.0064913.6744196.4570.231710.7521218.2163149.9610.167720.5406824.2682364.4360.114890.3601432.3311774.8020.066710.19236380063.736160.18010.5415563.1330.311591.0006614.0434175.8200.230200.7469818.7093134.4700.166260.5355924.9242352.8080.113190.3541833.2051766.0740.064360.18410390065.039159.26210.8195531.2760.309600.9939914.4134151.9080.228510.7411819.2013116.5210.164640.5299625.5802339.3350.111350.3477534.0781755.9610.061880.17540390366.270158.21910.8275495.0560.307540.9871214.4244124.7200.226960.7358719.2163096.1130.163460.5258825.6002324.0160.110450.3446034.1051744.4620.061170.17290400066.270158.21911.0965495.0560.307350.9864814.7824124.7200.226620.7347119.6933096.1130.162860.5237926.2362324.0160.109380.3408634.9521744.4620.059280.16624410067.425157.05111.3735454.4710.304850.9781315.1524094.2560.224540.7275820.1863073.2460.160930.5170926.8922306.8520.107280.3335135.8261731.5780.056540.15663420068.500155.75711.6515409.5230.302090.9689315.5214060.5170.222260.7197820.6783047.9210.158840.5098427.5482287.8420.105050.3256936.7001717.3090.053680.14657430069.492154.33711.9285360.2100.299090.9588915.8914023.5020.219780.7113121.1703020.1360.156600.5020628.2042266.9860.102680.3174137.5741701.6540.050700.13606440070.396152.79112.2065306.5340.295830.9480116.2613983.2110.217120.7021821.6632989.8930.154200.4937428.8602244.2850.100190.3086638.4471684.6140.047580.12510450071.208151.12012.4835248.4940.292320.9362816.6303939.6450.214250.6923822.1552957.1910.151650.4848829.5152219.7380.097550.2994639.3211666.1890.044330.11370460071.925149.32312.7605186.0900.288560.9237217.0003892.8030.211200.6819222.6472922.0310.148950.4754930.1712193.3460.094790.2897940.1951646.3780.040960.10184470072.543147.40113.0385119.3220.284540.9103117.3693842.6850.207950.6707923.1402884.4110.146080.4655530.8272165.1080.091900.2796541.0691625.1810.037460.08953480073.057145.35313.3155048.1900.280280.8960617.7393789.2920.204500.6589923.6322844.3330.143070.4550831.4832135.0240.088870.2690541.9431602.6000.033830.07677490073.464143.17913.5934972.6940.275760.8809618.1083732.6230.200860.6465324.1242801.7960.139900.4440732.1392103.0950.085710.2579942.8161578.6330.030080.06357500073.759140.88013.8704892.8340.270990.8650318.4783672.6780.197030.6334124.6172756.8000.136570.4325232.7952069.3200.082420.2464743.6901553.2810.026190.04991510073.939138.45514.1474808.6100.265960.8482518.8473609.4570.193000.6196225.1092709.3450.133090.4204333.4512033.6990.078990.2344844.5641526.5430.022180.03580520074.000135.90414.4254720.0220.260690.8306319.2173542.9610.188780.6051625.6012659.4310.129450.4078034.1071996.2330.075430.2220345.4381498.4200.018040.0212400.0000.0000.0000.0000.00000-0.040080.0000.0000.00000-0.041080.0000.0000.00000-0.041670.0000.0000.00000-0.042000.0000.0000.00000-0.0421900.0000.0000.0000.0000.00000-0.040080.0000.0000.00000-0.041080.0000.0000.00000-0.041670.0000.0000.00000-0.042000.0000.0000.00000-0.0421900.0000.0000.0000.0000.00000-0.040080.0000.0000.00000-0.041080.0000.0000.00000-0.041670.0000.0000.00000-0.042000.0000.0000.00000-0.042191/a[I]1/a[II]1/a[III]1/a[IV]1/a[V]10001.181.562.112.894.0811001.161.532.072.844.0112001.141.512.032.793.9613001.121.481.992.753.9114001.101.461.962.723.8715001.091.441.942.673.8416001.071.421.912.643.8217001.061.401.892.623.8018001.041.381.892.593.7919001.031.371.852.583.7920001.021.361.842.563.7921001.021.341.822.553.8022001.011.331.812.543.8123001.001.331.802.533.8424000.991.321.792.533.8625000.991.311.792.533.9026000.991.311.782.533.9427000.981.301.782.544.0028000.981.301.782.544.0629000.981.301.782.564.1330000.981.301.782.574.2131000.981.301.792.594.3031200.981.301.792.594.3232000.981.301.792.614.4133000.981.311.802.644.5334000.981.311.812.664.6635000.981.321.822.704.8236000.991.321.832.735.0037000.991.331.852.785.2038001.001.341.872.825.4339001.011.351.892.885.7039031.011.361.902.905.7840001.011.361.912.936.0241001.021.371.933.006.3842001.031.391.963.076.8243001.041.411.993.157.3544001.051.422.033.247.9945001.071.442.063.348.8046001.081.472.103.459.8247001.101.492.153.5811.1748001.121.522.203.7213.0349001.141.552.253.8815.7350001.161.582.314.0620.0451001.181.612.384.2627.9352001.201.652.454.5047.070-24.95-24.34-24.00-23.81-23.700-24.95-24.34-24.00-23.81135.250-24.95-24.34-24.00-23.8143.463. DEMARAJUL AUTOTURISMULUIPerformantele si calitatile dinamice ale autoturismelor sunt puternic influentate decapacitatea de demarare a acestora.3.1 Timpul si spatiul de demarareCapacitatea de demarare a autoturismului este caracterizata de acceleratie, insapentru a avea indici de apreciere mai usor de utilizat in compararea diferitelor tipuride autoturisme, este necesara determinarea timpului si spatiului. Studiul demarajuluiautoturismului presupune determinarea acceleratiei, a timpului si spatiului de demaraj, indici cucare se poate aprecia si compara capacitatea de demarare pentru diferite tipuri de autoturisme.tabel 4Treaptanv1/aTdSd[rot/min][m/s][s2/m][s][m]-0000I10002.773991.182931.640712.2756511003.051381.159721.965633.2220512003.328781.138492.284394.2389213003.606181.119082.597525.3246714003.883581.101342.905496.4779815004.160981.085153.208757.6977916004.438381.070393.507728.9832717004.715771.056963.8027810.3337918004.993171.044794.0943011.7489319005.270571.033804.3825913.2284420005.547971.023914.6680014.7722621005.825371.015084.9508016.3804922006.102771.007265.2313018.0533923006.380171.000405.5097619.7913924006.657560.994465.7864421.5950625006.934960.989426.0616123.4651326007.212360.985246.3354925.4024927007.489760.981916.6083327.4081728007.767160.979416.8803729.4833829008.044560.977737.1518231.6294630008.321960.976867.4229233.8479531008.599350.976797.6938936.1405332008.654830.976887.7480936.6080833008.876750.977537.9649538.5090334009.154150.979088.2363340.9556435009.431550.981448.5082543.4825736009.708950.984638.7809446.0923037009.986350.988669.0546348.78753380010.263750.993559.3295751.57122390010.541140.999349.6059854.44659400010.818541.006049.8841257.41714410010.826861.013059.8925357.50806420011.095941.0137110.1652060.49698430011.373341.0223610.4476063.66966440011.650741.0320710.7325566.94999450011.928141.0428711.0203470.34290460012.205531.0548411.3113073.85377470012.482931.0680511.6057477.48846480012.760331.0825811.9040381.25338490013.037731.0985312.2065585.15558500013.315131.1160012.5137089.20277510013.592531.1351212.8259393.40345520013.869931.1560313.1437197.76698530014.147321.1789013.46757102.30373540014.424721.2039113.79806107.0251955000.00000-24.94964185.060861342.23439II10004.065131.533553.117046.3355911004.434691.505463.678598.7221112004.804241.479834.2302111.2702913005.173801.456484.7727713.9771714005.543361.435225.3071016.8403915005.912921.415905.8339219.8581216006.282471.398406.3539523.0290617006.652031.382596.8678126.3523718007.021591.368397.3761429.8276719007.391151.355697.8794933.4550120007.760701.344438.3784137.2348421008.130261.334548.8734341.1680022008.499821.325979.3650445.2557223008.869371.318669.8537149.4996324009.238931.3125810.3399153.9017325009.608491.3076910.8240758.4643926009.978051.3039611.3066563.19039270010.347601.3013911.7880668.08290280010.717161.2999412.2687373.14550290011.086721.2996312.7490878.38220300011.456281.3004413.2295283.79744310011.530191.3007313.3256484.90226320011.825831.3023813.7104489.39595330012.195391.3054514.1923195.18351340012.564951.3096914.67553101.16588350012.934511.3151015.16054107.34954360013.304061.3217115.64776113.74159370013.673621.3295716.13766120.34979380014.043181.3387216.63071127.18257390014.412731.3492017.12738134.24916400014.423821.3589317.14239134.46561410014.782291.3610817.62991141.58493420015.151851.3744318.13538149.15023430015.521411.3893218.64606156.98237440015.890961.4058619.16255165.09445450016.260521.4241419.68547173.50084460016.630081.4442920.21550182.21726470016.999641.4664520.75334191.26103480017.369191.4907821.29977200.65118490017.738751.5174621.85563210.40873500018.108311.5467122.42183220.55691510018.477861.5787622.99935231.12152520018.847421.6139023.58928242.13126530019.216981.6524524.19283253.6181854000.00000-24.34283242.213142348.4639955000.00000-24.34283242.213142348.46399III10005.415672.065495.5930015.1449211005.908002.028206.6007320.8505212006.400341.994377.5909526.9445113006.892671.963728.5653033.4205214007.385001.936019.5252840.2736915007.877341.9110410.4723047.5005416008.369671.8886311.4076555.0988717008.862001.8886312.3374963.1101718009.354341.8508513.2580271.4945519009.846671.8352414.1654180.20597200010.339001.8216715.0656289.29163210010.831341.8100615.9596398.75489220011.323671.8003516.84840108.60016230011.816001.7924617.73283118.83287240012.308341.7863618.61381129.45947250012.800671.7820119.49222140.48752260013.293011.7793820.36892151.92561270013.785341.7784621.24474163.78351280014.277671.7792422.12053176.07212290014.770011.7817322.99712188.80362300015.262341.7859423.87537201.99148310015.360811.7870024.05127204.68490320015.754671.7919024.75608215.65007330016.247011.7996425.64020229.79672340016.739341.8092126.52858244.44893350017.231671.8206627.42213259.62640360017.724011.8340728.32180275.35074370018.216341.8495129.22858291.64565380018.708671.8670930.14348308.53710390019.201011.8869331.06760326.05355400019.215781.9015631.09558326.59097410019.693341.9091432.00551344.29319420020.185671.9339032.95154363.15658430020.678011.9613833.91043382.74846440021.170341.9917834.88356403.11056450021.662682.0253535.87245424.28900460022.155012.0623536.87870446.33488470022.647342.1031137.90410469.30498480023.139682.1479938.95058493.26253490023.632012.1974240.02027518.27824500024.124342.2519141.11555544.43146510024.616682.3120442.23904571.81156520025.109012.3785143.39370600.51967530025.601342.4521644.58285630.6707954000.00000-24.00094320.421724161.5935355000.00000-24.00094320.421724161.59353IV10007.214892.8370910.2346536.9209411007.870792.7889112.0797050.8378312008.526692.7458413.8948265.7195113009.182592.7178715.6866381.5854114009.838492.6734517.4547198.40081150010.494392.6435219.19842116.12803160011.150292.6174320.92374134.80011170011.806182.5949622.63315154.42104180012.462082.5759524.32895174.99810190013.117982.5602526.01336196.54183200013.773882.5477527.68853219.06600210014.429782.5383529.35651242.58759220015.085682.5319831.01932267.12692230015.741582.5286132.67894292.70768240016.397482.5282134.33732319.35709250017.053382.5307735.99641347.10608260017.709282.5363237.65816375.98949270018.365182.5448939.32454406.04633280019.021072.5565440.99755437.32011290019.676972.5713642.67924469.85921300020.332872.5894644.37173503.71730310020.464052.5934844.71168510.65173320020.988772.6109746.07712538.95237330021.644672.6360647.79788575.63334340022.300572.6649249.53633613.83173350022.956472.6977951.29503653.62851360023.612372.7349553.07670695.11355370024.268272.7767154.88424738.38679380024.924172.8234656.72082783.55955390025.580072.8756458.58983830.75616400025.599742.9019458.64667832.21076410026.235962.9337660.50308880.32470420026.891862.9984562.44854932.00389430027.547763.0704164.43882986.17897440028.203663.1505166.478971043.04964450028.859563.2397668.574661102.84303460029.515463.3393870.732291165.81878470030.171363.4508272.959131232.27539480030.827263.5758875.263541302.55815490031.483163.7167477.655151377.06928500032.139063.8760980.145221456.28103510032.794964.0573582.746981540.75267520033.450864.2648085.476231631.15313530034.106754.5039988.351951728.2914454000.00000-23.80830417.555687342.3268555000.00000-23.80830417.555687342.32685V10009.611864.0129419.2858892.68658110010.485663.9583322.76855127.68308120011.359473.9120726.20715165.24140130012.233273.8736129.60873205.36774140013.107083.8425332.97993248.08148150013.980893.8185036.32706293.41487160014.854693.8012539.65615341.41296170015.728503.7906142.97305392.13372180016.602303.7864746.28350445.64844190017.476113.7887949.59315502.04225200018.349913.7975852.90766561.41501210019.223723.8129556.23272623.88231220020.097523.8350459.57414689.57684230020.971333.8641062.93792758.65004240021.845133.9004366.33027831.27416250022.718943.9444469.75771907.64468260023.592743.9966373.22719987.98335270024.466554.0576176.746111072.54176280025.340354.1281380.322491161.60583290026.214164.2091183.965051255.50109300027.087974.3016387.683411354.59937310027.262734.3216388.436911375.07611320027.961774.4070291.487771459.31714330028.835584.5269295.391031570.16464340029.709384.6632899.406261687.70014350030.583194.81853103.548891812.58505360031.456994.99569107.836751945.59482370032.330805.19849112.290612087.64581380033.204605.43169116.934962239.83061390034.078415.70139121.799032403.46535400034.104625.78364121.949572408.59732410034.952216.01550126.949992581.25401420035.826026.38453132.367602772.97834430036.699826.82267138.137862982.22485440037.573637.34960144.329763212.17178450038.447437.99337151.033143466.97085460039.321248.79540158.368203752.18973470040.195049.81953166.501124075.53932480041.0688511.16943175.671254448.13961490041.9426613.02550186.242074886.88969500042.8164615.73192198.806265419.35454510043.6902720.03699214.433796095.29778520044.5640727.93257235.391827020.11616530045.4378847.07336268.162118494.8111354000.00000-23.69976-262.86129-3569.4768255000.00000135.24540-262.86129-3569.476820.9*Vmax468040.8940943.464403391.2259571145.807944. BILANTUL DE PUTEREAcesta reprezinta echilibrul dintre puterea la roata Pr si suma puterilor necesareinvingerii rezistentelor la inaintare si se determina cu relatia:Pe = puterea efectiva a motoruluiPr = puterea consumata pentru invingerea rezistentelor la rularePp = puterea necesara invingerii rezistentei la urcarea panteiPa = puterea necesara invingerii rezistentei aeruluiPd = puterea necesara invingerii rezistentei la demararePantaCoeficientGa17650S3.008065120.2274746428K0.19100.1933443327tr0.9250.1070796367f0.01200.02tabel 5PRi = PetrPa = kSvaPr = fGavacosaPp=Gavasina051012PrPavaPRPr+Pa+PpPr+Pa+PpPr+Pa+PpPr+Pa+Pp10818.5420998407128.07478858832.77412.990629267214.604027503858.0505491911104.7130849762123.1754679967Treapta I11900.3963098248170.4675436113.05114.565313353416.105849640863.8851893864115.2139787499135.522600072512982.2505198089221.31323468053.32916.175584888517.619505888369.7282825177125.7233254598147.878185084414064.1047297929281.38031052843.60617.817812519.146072074575.5805970338136.2418935544160.24299148115145.958939777351.43721988623.88419.488364815720.686624027581.4429013835146.7704514825172.617787711216227.8131497611432.25241148544.16121.183610463122.242237575887.3159640153157.3097676929185.003342223617309.6673597452524.59433405764.43822.899918070123.813988547393.2005533781167.8606106342197.40042346718391.5215697292629.23143633424.71624.633656264225.402952770599.0974379207178.4237487552209.8097998919473.3757797133746.93216704684.99326.381193673227.0102060735105.0073860916188.9999505047222.232239941620555.2299896974878.46497492695.27128.138898924728.6368242845110.9311663398199.5899843313234.668512070221637.08419968151024.59830870625.54829.903140646330.2838832318116.8695471138210.1946186839247.119384724822718.93840966551186.1006171165.82531.670287465931.9524587435122.8232968625220.814622011259.58562635423800.79261964961363.74034888796.10333.436708010933.643626648128.7931840345231.4507627616272.068005406624882.64682963371558.28595275356.38035.198770909235.3584627734134.7799770786242.1038093842284.567290331325964.50103961771770.50587744426.65836.952844788337.0980429479140.7844444436252.7745303276297.084249576827046.35524960182001.16857169176.93538.695298276138.8634429998146.8073545781263.4636940406309.619651591928128.20945958592251.04248422747.21240.422540.6557387574152.8494759308274.1720689719322.174264825229210.063669572520.89606378297.49042.130818587842.4760060487158.9115769507284.9004235702334.748857725630291.9178795542811.49775908977.76743.816622667344.3253207021164.9944260862295.6495262843347.344198741731373.77208953813123.61601887938.04545.47628086646.2047585458171.0987917863306.4201455629359.961056322332455.62629952223458.01929188338.32247.106161811648.115395408177.2254424995317.2130498546372.600198916133537.48050950633815.47602683328.59948.702634131850.0583071169183.3751466747328.0290076083385.262394971833753.85135150313889.8014127458.65549.017650.4508571132184.6079215487330.195033198387.797668221934619.33471949034196.75467246048.87750.262066454352.0345695008189.5486727606338.8687872727397.948412938335701.18892947444602.62367749679.15451.780827406754.0452583878195.7467892059349.7331572965410.659021264136783.04313945855033.85149067349.43253.255285616856.0914496062201.9702644593360.6228861284423.394988398137864.89734944265491.20656072219.70954.681809712158.1742189843208.2198669696371.5387422173436.157082788938946.75155942665975.45733637439.98656.056768320460.2946423502214.4963651855382.4814940117448.946072885440028.60576941076487.372266361610.26457.376530069462.4537955321220.8005275558393.4519099604461.762727136241110.45997939487027.719799415610.54158.637463586764.6527543584227.1331225291404.4507585122474.607813990142192.31418937887597.268384267610.81959.835937566.8925946571233.4949185542415.4788081158487.482101895714412.7342153971302.82837284193.69612.990629267219.640938675877.4686073621139.6336125799164.2296641552Treapta II15854.0076369368403.06456425264.06514.565313353421.702967239285.2854214524153.666927192180.722583924917295.2810584765523.28742827084.43516.175584888523.792977144293.1222222154167.7202284768197.235490367118736.5544800162665.31393513374.80417.817812525.9135121492100.9808266211181.7953334043213.770200452220177.8279015559830.96105507825.17419.488364815728.0671160125108.86305164195.894058945230.328531150421619.10132309561022.04575834155.54321.183610463130.2563324925116.7707142422210.018222069246.912299431923060.37474463531240.38501516055.91322.899918070132.4837053474124.7056313979224.1696397465263.52332226724501.6481661751487.79579577246.28224.633656264234.7517783356132.6696200775238.3501289478280.163416625825942.92158771471766.09507041416.65226.381193673237.0630952155140.664497251252.5615066432296.834399478727384.19500925442077.09980932277.02228.138898924739.4201997454148.6920798889266.8055898028313.538087795828825.46843079412422.62698273547.39129.903140646341.8256356836156.7541849612281.0841953969330.276298547530266.74185233392804.4935608897.76131.670287465944.2819467884164.8526294383295.3991403958347.050848703931708.01527387363224.51651402088.13033.436708010946.7916768181172.9892302903309.7522417696363.863555235233149.28869541333684.51281236768.50035.198770909249.3573695312181.1658044876324.1453164887380.716235111834590.5621169534186.29942616678.86936.952844788351.9815686859189.3841690003338.5801815232397.610705303936031.83553849274731.6933256559.23938.695298276154.6668180406197.6461407987353.0586538434414.548782781637473.10896003245322.51148106969.60840.422557.4156613535205.9535368531367.5825504195431.532284515238914.38238157215960.57086264759.97842.130818587860.2306423831214.3081741336382.1536882218448.563027475140355.65580311186647.688440625810.34843.816622667363.1143048877222.7118696105396.7738842205465.642828631341796.92922465157385.681185241610.71745.47628086666.0691926255231.166440254411.4449553858482.773504954143238.20264619128176.366066731811.08747.106161811669.097849355239.6737030344426.168718688499.956873413844679.47606773099021.560055333611.45648.702634131872.2028188344248.235474922440.9469910973517.194750980744967.73075203899197.299839288211.53049.017672.8331941111249.9545302857443.9093465654520.649027480346120.74948927069923.08012128411.82650.262066454375.3866448222256.8535728868455.781589584534.488954624947562.022910810310882.743234820112.19551.780827406778.6518710765265.5298138993470.6743311182551.841301316649003.296332350111902.366366178812.56553.255285616882.0010413558274.2660149296485.6270326703569.253608026250444.569753889812983.766485597312.93554.681809712185.4366994184283.0639929479500.6415112104586.727691723951885.843175429514128.760563312613.30456.056768320488.9613890225291.9255649246515.7195837088604.265369379953327.116596969215339.165569561813.67457.376530069492.5776539267300.8525478297530.8630671358621.868457964354768.390018508916616.798474581814.04358.637463586796.2880378891309.8467586337546.0737784615639.538774447656209.663440048617963.476248609814.41359.8359375100.0950846681318.9100143066561.3535346562657.278135799919201.0074598439716.02713077984.92312.990629267226.6037812629103.5182210708186.3360064466219.1034857272Treapta III21121.1082058283953.03211106795.41614.565313353429.4957225633114.0354454451205.1350093585241.179236567123041.20895181271237.29488198745.90816.175584888532.4538247705124.59992761223.981270061263.302245197724961.30969779711573.11160632326.40017.817812535.4841025126135.2159637283242.8790847169285.476807781626881.41044378151964.77844685976.89319.488364815738.5925704173145.8878499629261.832749489307.707220481828801.51118976592416.59156638177.38521.183610463141.7852431126156.6198824764280.8465605401329.99777946130721.61193575032932.84712767397.87722.899918070145.0681352264167.4163574317299.924814033352.352780881932641.71268173473517.8412935218.37024.633656264248.4472613866178.2815709915319.0718061304374.776520907434561.81342771914175.87022670768.86226.381193673251.928636221189.2198193187338.2918329952397.273295700236481.91417370354911.23009001859.35428.138898924755.5182743576200.235398576357.58919079419.847401423238402.01491968795728.21704623829.84729.903140646359.2221904243211.3326049262376.9681756778442.50313423940322.11566567236631.127258151510.33931.670287465963.046399049222.5157345322396.4330838213465.244790310642242.21641165677624.25688854310.83133.436708010966.9969148595233.7890835566415.9882113833488.076665800644162.31715764118711.902100197511.32435.198770909271.0797524838245.1569481622435.6378545265511.003056871946082.41790362559898.359055899611.81636.952844788375.3009265498256.6236245119455.3863094138534.028259687348002.518649609911187.923918433912.30838.695298276179.6664516853268.1934087684475.2378722079557.156570409449922.619395594212584.892850585312.80140.422584.1823425183279.8705970946495.1968390717580.392285201251842.720141578714093.562015138313.29342.130818587888.8546136766291.6594856532515.2675061678603.739700225453762.82088756315718.227574877513.78543.816622667393.6892797882303.5643706069535.4541696591627.203111644855682.921633547417463.185692587814.27845.47628086698.692355481315.5895481186555.7611257084650.786815622157603.022379531819332.732531053814.77047.1061618116103.8698553829327.7393143511576.1926704785674.495108320359523.123125516221331.164253060215.26248.7026341318109.2277941216340.0179654671596.753100132698.332285901959907.143274713121746.694845811315.36149.0176110.3215638171342.4895399386600.8810303111703.115565666661443.223871500623462.777021391615.75550.2620664543114.7721863253352.4297976294617.446710832722.302644529963363.32461748525731.866998832716.24751.7808274067120.5090466217364.9791070008638.277798741746.41048036765283.425363469428142.730348168116.73953.2552856168126.4443896387377.6701897442659.2506600219770.660089575967203.526109453830699.663232182717.23254.6818097121132.5842300043390.5073420222680.3695908375795.055768319669123.626855438233406.96181366117.72456.0567683204138.9345823464403.4948599977701.6388873506819.601812760771043.727601422636268.922255387818.21657.3765300694145.5014612928416.6370398334723.0628457239844.302519062172963.82834740739289.840720147718.70958.6374635867152.2908814714429.9381776922744.6457621202869.162183386574883.929093391442474.013370725319.20159.8359375159.3088575102443.4025697367766.3919327024894.185101896725580.06565326961693.02118953156.55912.990629267236.4769838697138.6486926971248.9806318728292.6342929134Treapta IV28138.07221859662253.41120326647.21514.565313353440.6722053094152.9046498616274.2697829549322.288810099530696.07878392352925.54061551047.87116.175584888545.0238619069167.2723464246299.6706734355352.055066684233254.08534925053719.56755340078.52717.817812549.5461750404181.7619405133325.1934614417381.943220794435812.09191457754645.65014407449.18319.488364815754.2533660878196.3835902547350.8483051007411.963430557538370.09847990445713.94651466889.83821.183610463159.1596564271211.1474537761376.6453625396442.125854100540928.10504523146934.61479232110.49422.899918070164.2792674362226.0636892045402.5947918856472.440649550543486.11161055848317.813104168211.15024.633656264269.6264204932241.1424546671428.7067512658502.917975034846044.11817588539873.699577347611.80626.381193673275.2153369761256.393908291454.9913988073533.567988680348602.124741212311612.432338996512.46228.138898924781.0602382629271.8282082034481.4588926372564.400848614451160.131306539213544.169516251913.11829.903140646387.1753457315287.4555125315508.1193908828595.42671296453718.137871866215679.069236251113.77431.670287465993.5748807599303.2859794022534.9830516712626.655739856456276.144437193218027.289626131314.43033.4367080109100.2730647262319.3297669429562.0600331294658.098087418758834.151002520120598.988813029615.08635.1987709092107.2841190083335.5970332805589.3604933846689.763913777961392.157567847123404.324924083315.74236.9528447883114.6222649842352.0979365423616.894590564721.663377061463950.164133174126453.456086429516.39738.6952982761122.3017240319368.8426348554644.6724827946753.806635396166508.17069850129756.540427205417.05340.4225130.3367175294385.841286347672.7043282038786.203846909369066.17726382833323.736073548317.70942.1308185878138.7414668547403.1040491441701.0002849184818.86516972871624.183829154937165.201152595218.36543.8166226673147.5301933858420.6410813739729.5705110658851.800761979474182.190394481941291.093791483519.02145.476280866156.7171185007438.4625411635758.425164773885.020781790776740.196959808945711.572117350219.67747.1061618116166.3164635774456.5785866402787.5744041672918.53538728979298.203525135850436.794257332620.33348.7026341318176.3424499938474.9993759309817.0283873755952.354736601379809.804838201251419.30185821120.46449.0176178.4000957191478.7209969619822.9566471901959.156069636781856.210090462855476.918338567820.98950.2620664543186.8092991279493.7350671629846.7972725251986.48898785584414.216655789860842.102488193121.64551.7808274067197.7312323579512.7958184633876.8912177431020.94829917786972.223221116766542.504833345622.30153.2552856168209.1224710615532.1917879592907.32038115651055.742828694589530.229786443772588.283501162522.95654.6818097121220.9972366169551.9331337778938.09492089271090.882734534792088.236351770778989.596618781123.61256.0567683204233.369750402572.0300140462969.22499507861126.378174824794646.242917097685756.602313338424.26857.3765300694246.2542337948592.49258689151000.72076184151162.239307691797204.249482424692899.458711971824.92458.6374635867259.6649081733613.33101044091032.59237930851198.476291262799762.2560477515100428.32394181825.58059.8359375273.6159949155634.55544282151064.85000560661235.099283664934078.40761449834003.08958276648.73812.990629267251.0422022352186.4588839508333.4458716736391.6023781882Treapta V37486.24837594815328.11223466219.61214.565313353457.4410216298206.0294860395367.7151725346431.687329700640894.08913739796917.338799020310.48616.175584888564.2097265018225.8642920406402.2486773081472.036485125544301.92989884788794.787813337811.35917.817812571.3819428038245.9873204918437.0704045315512.673863000447709.770660297610984.47781511112.23319.488364815778.9912964882266.4225899303472.2043727423553.623481862751117.611421747513510.427341836613.10721.183610463187.0714135076287.1941188939507.6746004782594.909360249954525.452183197316396.654931011213.98122.899918070195.6559198143308.3259259198543.5051062764636.555516699757933.292944647119667.179120131314.85524.6336562642104.778441361329.8420295458579.7199086746678.585969749361341.133706096923346.018446693615.72826.3811936732114.4726041002351.7664483091616.3430262103721.024737936464748.974467546827457.191448194716.60228.1388989247124.7720339842374.1232007474653.3984774209763.895839798568156.815228996632024.716662131217.47629.9031406463135.7103569656396.9363053982690.9102808439807.223293872971564.655990446437072.612625999618.35031.6702874659147.321198997420.2297807988728.9024550168851.031118697374972.496751896342624.897877296619.22433.4367080109159.6381860307444.0276454869767.3990184772895.343332809278380.337513346148705.590953518720.09835.1987709092172.6949440194468.353918806.4239897625940.183954745981788.178274795955338.710392162620.97136.9528447883186.5250989154493.2326168754846.0013874103985.577003045185196.019036245862548.27473072521.84538.6952982761201.1622766713518.6877606508886.15522995791031.546496244288603.859797695670358.302506702122.71940.4225216.6401032396544.7433678636926.9095359431078.116452880792011.700559145478792.81225759123.59342.1308185878232.9922045728571.4234570513968.2883239031125.310891492295419.541320595287875.822520887924.46743.8166226673250.2522066234598.75204675141010.31561237541173.15383061698827.38208204597631.351834089625.34045.476280866268.4537353438626.75315550141053.01541989761221.6692887898102235.222843495108083.41873469326.21447.1061618116287.6304166866655.45080183881096.41176500731270.8812845509105643.063604945119256.04176019427.08848.7026341318307.8158766042684.86900430111140.52866624191320.8138364369106324.631757235121579.14673158127.26349.0176311.9769811005690.84122515981149.44062685511330.8889271804109050.904366395131173.23944808927.96250.2620664543329.0437410492715.03178142581185.39014213891371.4909629854112458.745127844143859.03033587628.83651.7808274067351.347635974745.96315175041231.02021123581422.9366827337115866.585889294157337.4329610529.70953.2552856168374.7611873312777.68713381231277.442892071475.1750142194119274.426650744171632.46586110930.58354.6818097121399.3180210732810.22774614921324.68220317921528.22997598122682.267412194186768.14757354931.45756.0567683204425.0517631526843.60900729841372.76216310071582.125586553126090.108173644202768.49663586632.33157.3765300694451.9960395217877.85493579761421.70679037211636.8858644758129497.948935094219657.53158555833.20558.6374635867480.1844761332912.9895501841471.54010353091692.5348282861132905.789696543237459.2709601234.07859.8359375509.6506989396949.03686899541522.28612111451749.09649652125. FRANAREA AUTOTURISMULUIFranarea este procesul prin care se reduce partial sau total viteza autobasculantei. De capacitatea de franare a autobasculantei depindein mare masura posibilitatea utilizarii integrale a vitezei si acceleratiei acestuia, elemente ce determina viteza medie de exploatare. Forta de franare si repartitia ei pe puntiForta de franare tangentiala care actioneaza asupra rotii in timpul franarii se realizeaza la rotile autobasculantei ca urmare a actiuniimomentelor de franare Mf, de rezistenta la rulare Mrul si de inertie a rotii M.Suprafata pe care se franeaza este:asfalt uscat:=0.8pamant batatorit:=0.6asfalt umed:=0.4zapada batatorita:=0.2Spatiul minim de franare este:Spatiul de oprire al autocamionului este:unde:t0 timpul de reactie al conducatorului autot0 = (0.451)st1 timpul din momentul inceperii cursei active a pedalei de frana la atingerea valorii nominale a fortei pe pedala de franat1= (0.20.5)st1 intarzierea din momentul inceperii dezvoltarii fortei de franare pana la atingerea valorii maximet1= (0.11)s=0vitezaspatiul minim de franare(sfmin)[m]spatiul minim de franare(sfmin)[m]+Fa[m/s]=0,2=0,4=0,6=0,8=0,2=0,4=0,6=0,800000000055.791863593.03383330912.05517740291.55391462175.78176149553.0310584612.05390353251.55318622421023.167454360112.13533323638.22070961176.215658486923.006939104112.09109738298.20037806816.20402592921552.126772310327.304499781618.496596626213.985231595451.323406187527.081905456218.394090156113.92652470282092.669817440548.54133294532.882838446624.862633947490.170449186447.843700807132.560713958224.67789383930208.507089241109.217999126373.986386504955.9409263817196.3909978873105.768238509872.381693751855.017075029640.946388.4197284774203.457953012137.8263552662104.2101710549348.9438050536191.9002796623132.3919003286101.0634980819.vitezaspatiul de oprire(so)[m][m/s]=0,2=0,4=0,6=0,80000057.70317857474.03499830112.73338594592.06670644691030.81271429916.139993204210.93354378358.26682578751569.328607172636.314984709524.600473512918.600358021920123.250857195864.559972816943.73417513433.067303150130277.3144286906145.259938837998.401894051574.401432087740.946516.598238875270.5990775059183.309052504138.599527503=0vitezadeceleratia maxima[m/s2]Fa0Fa0Fa0Fa0[m/s]=0,2=0,4=0,6=0,8=0,2=0,4=0,6=0,802.24.26.28.22.24.26.28.252.24.26.28.22.20769230774.20769230776.20769230778.2076923077102.24.26.28.22.23076923084.23076923086.23076923088.2307692308152.24.26.28.22.26923076924.26923076926.26923076928.2692307692202.24.26.28.22.32307692314.32307692316.32307692318.3230769231302.24.26.28.22.47692307694.47692307696.47692307698.476923076940.9462.24.26.28.22.71586920494.71586920496.71586920498.71586920496. CALCULUL STABILITATII AUTOCAMIONULUIStabilitatea autobasculantei este proprietatea acesteia de a se opune alunecarii, patinarii si rasturnarii.6.1 Stabilitatea transversala- stabilitatea de derapare:Viteza limita de deplasare (pentru viraj cu raza constanta si viteza constanta), fara aparitia deraparii este:Unde: unghiul de inclinare transversala al virajuluiy coeficientul stabilitatii transversale a autocamionuluiConditia producerii deraparii inaintea resturnarii este: Vd