alcani
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7/18/2019 ALCANI
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ALCANI NE=0 CnH2n+2
Metode de obtinere Radicalii alcanilor Propr fzice Propr chimice!Hidroliza
"comp#$ilor or%anoma%nezieni
"carb#rilor metalice
2!Aditia H2 la alchene
&! Aditia H2 la cicloalcani
'! R de $chimb"mic$orare de catena
(! )inteza *#rtz"marire de catena
"CH& MEIL
"CH2" MEILEN
"CH" MEIN
,
"CH2"CH& EIL
"CH"CH& EILI-EN
,H2C"CH2 EILEN
, ,
")ARE -E A.RE.ARE/la temp obi$n#ite
C"C' .A1E
erm milocii C("C( LICH1I
erm $#periori PE)E C3 )4LI1I
"M4LEC5LELE ALC )5N NEP4LARE=6 74RE
-E -I)PER)IE
"RAMI7ICAREA CAENEI MIC)4REA1A PC -E
7IER8ERE
"PC -E 7IER8ERE CRE)C C5 20"&0 .RA-E P
7IECARE A -E C IN PL5)
"LA I14ALC I14MERI9 )CA-EREAPC -E 7 E)E
MAI MARE -ACA:• E;i$ta 2 ramifcatii
• Rami< e$te mai apropaita de
mar%inea cat principale
• Cele 2 rami< $#nt le%ate de acela$i
C al cat princ9 n# de doi at de C di<erti
"IN)4L58ILI IN APA9 -AR )4L58ILI IN
)4LENI 4R.
"ALC )4LI1I )I LICHI1I A5 -EN)>A APEI/093"09?
"ALC .A14)I N5 A5 MIR4)
P -EPI)AREA )CAPARIL4R -E .A1E
-IN C4N-5CE9 )E A-A5.A )58) 5RA
MIR4)I4ARE9 C4MP5)I AI )5L75L5I N5MII
MERCAPANI@
I! R -E )58)I5IE/de$< C"H! HAL4.ENARE R"H + 2 =6 R" + H2! NIRARE =6 NIR4-ERIAI ALI7AICI /R"N
II! R -E I14MERI1ARE = R! NENIE)C5"reBer/de$<! C"Cn"alcani "6 izoalcaniAlCl&9 (0"00 %radeD
III! R -E 4I-ARE! AR-ERE=4 C4MPLEA
CnH2n+2 +3n+1
2 42 =6 nC42 + /n+H24 +
2! 4 PARIALAFINC4MPLEA/Bezi reactiile in cai
7/18/2019 ALCANI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/alcani-5692840b467f0 2/2